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We live in a time when a lot is said and written about the
generation of electricity from energy of sunlight. We have,
after all, well mastered technologies and equipment to
generate solar electricity and supposedly available in stores
are already major components required to build a home
systems for such a solar generation. For various reasons,
which I describe in more detail in item #R1 of this web
page, I have tried for many years to complete a practical
experiment of a personal building for myself a simple and
a cheap system for just such generation of electricity from solar
energy. The results of this experiment, I intended to share
with the readers of this web page. Unfortunately, for a long
time the completion of this experiment turned out to be
impossible for the simple reason that I was unable to find
a shop in New Zealand (where I live) that would sell me the
main components necessary to build such a solar system.
The only thing that I was able to found, were offers from a
wide variety of solar companies, that professionally were
building such systems - only that the cost of building by
these companies of the cheapest amongst such systems,
e.g. in October 2014 were at the level of around NZ$ 20,000
(however, I am unable to afford the spending of such a
large sum on solar energy). In addition, neither these
companies, nor their customers, seem to understand, that
every human action and decision
can be implemented either in accordance with the criteria
of morality, or in an immoral manner. Thus,
these companies are building for their customers almost
exclusively "immoral solar systems" that do NOT
contain components capable of accumulating the generated
electricity, e.g. these systems do NOT contains batteries,
systems of capacitors,
oscillatory chambers,
etc. On the other hand, in items #B5 and #F3 of this web
page I am trying to explain to the reader why such
"battery-deprived" kinds of solar systems are the
immoral systems which in the long-term work are to inflict
to people more harm than good. After all, for example,
instead of lessening the dependence of their owners from
the power generation plants and from the electricity grid,
they actually turn their owners into a kind of
"grid slaves"
that are exploited by companies selling electricity. They
also actively strengthen the role of electricity generation
plants and the electricity supply grid - and this in spite
that our civilization has already experienced how much
damage to people and to the nature are causing power
stations and electricity grids (e.g. consider the damages
caused by the melting down of the reactor in the nuclear
power plant from Fukushima, Japan, described in item #M1
from my web page named
telekinetics.htm).
Of course, for many different reasons, for example, to NOT
create a competition, because of the relationship with companies
which sell electricity, confusion of current laws, complications
of a non-commercial sale by a non-trading company, my
lack of a formal certificate of an electrician (in spite of that, among
others, I lectured electrical engineering at the university level),
the lack of clarity about responsibility, the issues of guarantees,
etc., etc., these companies also would NOT be willing to sell me
the components that would be required if I build such a system.
Only in mid-October 2014, I found a shop that had the necessary
components for sale. On 16 October 2014 I purchased the most
necessary parts, and thus I initiated the experiment described
here - the course and results of which I share now with the reader
on this web page. This my experiment will have several stages.
The first of these stages, already completed, was to
"obtain the cheapest and the simplest
backup solar system for anti-cataclysmic electricity generation" -
i.e. to provide a system which assures the generation of electricity
in sufficient quantities to supply: (a) good lighting in one room,
(b) the operation of a television set, (c) the operation of a computer
"laptop", (d) the supply of an electric shaver, etc. (In other words,
to build a system capable of helping me in a relatively comfortable
survival of any disaster which would cut off the access to
electricity supply from the grid - e.g. a pandemic of
Ebola.)
Until 31 October 2014 I developed this system up to the point
that it started to supply the electricity to all my home devices
of a small electric power consumption. A pleasant surprise
was for me the empirical finding that so far (i.e. during the
NZ summer) only a single solar panel of 120 Watts is enough
for me to satisfy all my electricity consumption of domestic
appliances that require below 360 Watt of power -
for details see item #M1 from this web page. After all,
the propaganda spread in the internet by companies building
such systems makes the impression that in order to get some
noticeable use of solar energy, one needs enough solar panels
to cover with them almost the entire roof of a house. Meanwhile,
for me, only one panel of a power of 120 Watt suffices during
this summer to illuminate in almost every evening my living room
with 4 fluorescent lamps of a power of 35 Watts each - also I do
NOT have to save on the light because I have free electricity, plus
it also suffices to cover every evening my electricity consumption
by a large, 42-inch TV, and during a large part of the days it
supplies into electricity my laptop computer, while all the time
(i.e. both in evenings and during the day) it allows me to use
free solar electricity to power small household appliances such
as my electric shaver, my small batteries charging device, my
groomer for trimming of hair, etc., etc. - for descriptions of powers
of my household appliances see item #H2 from this web page.
In addition, the entire my solar system cost me much less than
one-tenth of the published online in October 2014 the cheapest
price of a solar system built by a specialist company (or more
precisely, about 7% of the price of such a cheapest system -
for the set of my purchases and for their prices see "Table #E1"
from this web page). In subsequent stages of my plans for the
solar energy I would like to gradually expand this my system,
benefiting from the experience gained during the first stage.
The intended target product of that further expansion would
be the almost complete elimination of costs of electricity purchases
and reassuring the energy self-sufficiency for my flat - although
the success in this expansion will depend on the availability
in NZ shops the required solar components that work on the voltage
of 24 Volt. (Until now in stores of NZ the most important of 24
Volt solar components still are NOT available, while the currently
offered 12 Volt components are NOT suitable for the construction
of a system able to supply high-power appliances such as e.g.
refrigerator, washing machine, high-speed electric kettle, electric
cooker, hot-water cylinder, hair dryer, etc.) Since I am a scientist
who treats everything that he does as a kind of scientific experiment
that open new paths, on this web page I am to continue the providing
of reader with reports on my efforts regarding this gradual change
of my flat into the energy self-sufficiency based on the generation
of my own electricity from sunlight. I do hope that these experiences
and descriptions will be able to help other readers to also follow in
my footsteps.
Notice, that only the selected (i.e. the most vital) parts of this web page are already translated into English. With the translation of other, less vital, parts of this web page I am awaiting until the time when the testing of my solar system is finished. This is to save me the repeating twice of the same work of translation. Thus, for the complete picture please either visit this web page again after some time, or try to find the details that you need from the Polish text below or from the Polish version of this web page. Part #A: Introductory information about this web page:#A1. Goals of descriptions from this web page:The primary goal of this web page is the sharing with readers my personal experience gained during the DIY (i.e. "do it yourself") construction of my own anti-cataclysmic home backup system for the generation of electricity from sunlight - which solar system is aimed at making sure that in the event of a disaster that would cut off our house from the grid electricity supply, it would still generate enough electricity to provide us with a relatively comfortable survival till the time when the supply of grid electricity will be reinstated. Descriptions of this experience I would like to formulate in such a manner that on the basis of it the reader is able to start himself the construction of his own similar solar systems for the tapping of electricity from solar energy.An additional goal of this web page is to emphasize to the reader a number of very important truths and mechanisms regarding the construction of domestic solar systems for electricity generation. The point is that about the existence and work of these truths and mechanisms the majority of people do NOT know. Furthermore, silent about them are also all other written sources concerning the generation of solar electricity. These truths and mechanisms result from the findings of the most moral philosophy of the world ever created by man and called the philosophy of totalizm. For example, they state that the decision to build for own house one amongst the existing types of solar systems, which this web page calls the "battery-deprived system", is an immoral decision - for explanations "why" such decision is immoral see items #B5 and #F3 from this web page. What even worse, because of the immorality of this decision, those people who unwisely take it and install in their homes such battery-deprived solar system, later are severely punished by the moral mechanisms - especially by the principle of contradiction between the short-term and the long-term effects of work of the so-called "moral field" described, among others, in item #J1 from my web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm. This principle states that in spite that in the short-term the effects all immoral decisions are pleasant, bringing a quick profit, recognition, etc., in the long-term the work of these immoral decisions NEVER solves the problems for which they were originally made, but they only worsen the power of these problems and pile the suffering, damage and problems for all those people who are affected by consequences of these immoral decisions. Notice here that the solar systems for electricity generation are now gaining increasingly more importance for the whole of our civilization. But blinded by the loud advertisements and current fashion, we tend to forget, that everything that people do, including the decisions on building solar systems, can be taken either in accordance with the criteria of morality, or immorally. Thus, learning by people which decisions on domestic solar systems are these immoral ones, has the potential to set the more correct direction for our future development. The best idea about the goals of descriptions from this web page, the reader would obtain by reading an abstract of this web page provided in item #U1 near the end of it.
Because on this page I do not recommend
to the reader to build one type of solar systems,
here called the "battery deprived system", it
becomes necessary to define exactly what
by such a system is understood here. Here
are definitions of key terms used on this web page:
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Fig. #A1ab: Here are photographs of my two most important devices for tapping to solar energy, photographed in their factory packaging. (Photographs of the same devices, taken after their assembly into an operational system, is shown below in "Fig. #G1".) These photographs show: (a) 120 Watt solar panel (i.e. the "solar panel" from "Fig. #B1"), which I purchased on 16 October 2014 in order to experiment on the generation of electricity from solar energy, and (b) 600/1200 Watt "inverter" (shown in "Fig. #B1"). My cost of purchasing these devices is listed in "Table #E1". (Click on the selected photograph to see it enlarged.)
Fig. #A1a (left): The appearance original packaging my first solar panel. This panel I was able to buy after several years of searching in NZ for a shop that would sell it to me - the reasons for these difficulties in buying a solar panel are explained in item #S1 near the end of this web page. Notice that the dimensions of the package with this solar panel are 90 x 60 cm, thus are disproportionately larger than the dimensions of the package for the inverter from the image (b). In the above picture in front of the solar panel is also showed two-tube fluorescent light, still factory packed, which I also purchased on 16 October 2014 - because it is going to be supplied with electricity from the solar panel.
Fig. #A1b (right): The appearance of the pre-packaged my 600 Watt "inverter". The package dimensions for this inverter are 28 x 28 cm. The inverter itself has the shape of an aluminum cuboid box with dimensions of 6 x 10 x 20 cm and weighing around 1 kilogram.
Part #B: Principles of generating electricity from solar energy:
#B1. The most vital part of theory on domestic generation of electricity from solar energy:
I realize that the typical DIY (i.e. "do it yourself") people do NOT like theory. Therefore, on this web page, I limit the theory to the absolutely necessary minima. One amongst such minima is to understand the basic components that make up today's home system for the generation of solar power, what are the key features and capabilities of these components, and what is the most important in their technical versions currently offered in shops. It should be noted here that the solar system which I am describing on this web page is a system to generate electricity for satisfying our own domestic needs - which attribute differs it immensely from the battery-deprived solar systems oriented towards the resale of the generated energy to the electricity grid. For example, as described here, my system includes a battery, thus it is able to operate during cataclysms - when the electricity grid will be destroyed and cease the supply of electricity. My system do NOT use the grid to re-sell the electricity generated by it during daylight and to re-purchase the electricity at nights, thus the system described here is NOT making dependent its owner from the greed of people that manage electricity grid. Hence the decision of implementing this system is consistent with totaliztic criteria of morality, while decisions of building battery-deprived solar systems, in the light of findings of the philosophy of totalizm are immoral decisions, which in the future will bring more harm than good - for more information see items #B5 and #F3 from this web page. Etc., etc.
A typical domestic solar system shown above consists of today the following components/devices - listed here firstly from the left edge of the drawing along the lowest cable: (1) the "solar panel" - usually consisting of 72, or even more, individual photovoltaic (PV) cells (that panel absorbs sunlight and generates electricity), (2) "controller" of battery charging, (3) "battery" (typically a 12 Volt battery is used for a low power systems of less than 1 kW, and a 24 Volt battery systems with high power exceeding 1 kW), (4) any "appliances" here represented by the symbol "A12V", which are powered directly from the battery at a voltage of 12 Volt (or 24 Volt); in this drawing these are symbolized by a silhouettes of a "car", as they are devices that can be powered by electricity drawn directly from the battery of 12 or 24 Volt, and thus which are typically used in today's cars (eg. reflectors and light sources like these in cars, motors, and DC starters, ventilators, etc.). "Battery" is also connected to the upper wire running to (5) the "inverter" (this inverter converts the DC voltage 12 or 24 Volt into an AC voltage of 220 to 240 Volt). It is to this "inverter" that are connected various home appliances already powered by AC 220-240 Volt electiricity which this "inverter" outputs, i.e. such home appliances as e.g. (6) sources of 'light', (7) "laptop" computers, (8) "TV" sets, and (9) any other home "appliances" "A240V" that consume the alternating current of the voltage 220-240 Volt, such as shavers, electric blankets, heaters, vacuum cleaners, etc., etc.
Markings seen on the above diagram apply to 12 Volt solar system. For just such a system I just build. However, the 24 Volt system uses exactly the same components and devices, except that they are built for 24 Volt, not for 12 Volt. Therefore, the above diagram illustrates similarly well both 12 Volt solar system and 24 Volt solar system. The only thing that would be necessary to change if it is to illustrate exactly the work of 24 Volt system, are the markings from 12 Volt into 24 Volt. But when someone decides to build a 24 Volt system - as recommends it subitem #2d from the "algorithm" provided below in item #B4, then he/she should just buy all the physical devices operating on 24 Volt, i.e. should buy a 24 Volt battery, 24 Volt "inverter", etc. The point is, that most of the equipment of the solar system built for 12 Volt, does NOT work on 24 Volt, and vice versa - although there are exceptions from this rule too, e.g. a lot of controllers for battery charging is so constructed, that the same controller can be switched for operating 12 Volt, or for 24 Volt battery. However, e.g. solar panels built for 24 Volt cannot be used for charging 12 Volt battery (because they would burn it), although the 24 Volt battery can be charged by two 12 Volt solar pannels of the same power connected together in series and wired to a 24 Volt controller (although in typical situations, such a solution would NOT be economically justified, because two 12 Volt solar panels for a given power cost more than a single 24 Volt panel of the corresponding power - but there are situations, e.g. the described in (2014/10/17) from item #L2 below on this web page a danger of bombing a panel by sea gulls, when such a use two smaller panels instead of one larger might be more logical in practice).
Although for some readers it is obvious, here still should be stressed the harmlessness and safety of 12 or 24 Volt solar systems. The point is that most of the devices of the system described here operate on a voltage of 12 Volt or 24 Volt - see on the illustration above the entire area with a bluish background. In turn such low voltages are harmless to humans and one can even freely touch with bare hands both poles of their electrical circuits. (However, one should be very careful with devices for 240 Volt - shown above on the warning, reddish background, because these can kill a person.) Therefore, if for our commitment to safety, the switching "on" and "off" the solar system for the use is made in the area of the low voltage (12 or 24 Volt), then we do NOT need to be afraid of making these switchings even in darkness or in rain. It is also worth noting that solar systems built by specialist companies e.g. in order to connect them to the electricity grid, of the type of systems described here in items #B5 and #F3, are NOT safe at all. This is because typically all circuits of solar systems built by specialist companies are working on high voltages and do NOT use rechargeable batteries, so even just their solar panels serially connected together can kill a careless toucher due to their, for example, 600 Volt DC current. In addition to being very dangerous, these systems described in items #B5 and #F3 below are also immoral. This is because at nights they are forcing their owners to purchase electricity back from the grid, and hence they promote the existence and operation of these harmful for humans and for nature electrical grids, and furthermore they make their owners dependent from the people who manage electrical grids - means e.g. they open up the possibility of exploiting their owners by managers of electrical grids.
#B2.
Basic components used currently for domestic (household) electricity generation from solar energy:
Dokonajmy teraz przeglądu głównych podzespołów
z jakich składa się typowy dzisiejszy system
do generowania elektryczności z energii słonecznej,
bazujący na ogniwach fotowoltaicznych (PV).
Każdy z tych głównych podzespołów sprzedawany
jest oddzielnie jako zupełnie odrębne urządzenia
elektryczne: Oto one:
A. The solar penel composed of photovoltaic (PV) cells. Penel ogniw fotowoltaicznych (po angielsku zwany "solar panel"). Panel taki składa się z całego szeregu ogniw fotowoltaicznych, typowo zamontowanych na jednej sztywnej podstawie. (Po angielsku takie ogniwo nazywa się "photovoltaic cell", w skrócie "PV".) Chodzi bowiem o to, że jedno ogniwo fotowoltaiczne generuje zaledwie około 1.5 Volta - co powoduje, że typowy panel 12 Voltowy o mocy 120 Watt zawiera w sobie około 72 indywidualne ogniwa fotowoltaiczne i ma rozmiary rzędu 110 x 85 centymetrów. Odnotuj, że dla domowego użytku panel 120 Watowa jest najmniejszą jakiej zakup można rozważać - i to jedynie w przypadku kiedy w swoim kraju NIE daje się kupić paneli o mocy ponad 200 Watt (aczkolwiek produkowane są też, zaś w Nowej Zelandii od dawna już sklepy oferują, panele o mocy znacznie mniejszej niż 120 Watt - np. rzędu 10 Watt. Jednak ich zakup do domowego użytku byłby tylko nierozważnym marnowaniem pieniędzy). W przeciągu 10-godzinnego dnia 120 Watowa panel generuje bowiem średnio jedynie około 1.2 kWh energii elektrycznej, co wystarcza do pokrycia konsumpcji tylko kilku najbardziej potrzebnych nam urządzeń domowych, takich jak: oświetlenie jednego pokoju, albo zasilanie telewizora i komputera typu "lap-top", albo radia i maszynki do golenia, itp. W dzisiejszych czasach produkowane są też większe panele o mocach aż do około 300 Watt - tyle że narazie NIE ma szans aby hobbysta (jak ja) mógł je zakupić w NZ. A szkoda, bowiem zasada jaką zalecam na bazie własnych doświadczeń brzmi: zawsze zakupuj największy panel słoneczny na jaki cię stać i jaki fizycznie jesteś w stanie najpierw przytransportować do swego domu a potem zainstalować, wszystkie zaś pozostałe parametry swego domowego systemu staraj się dostosować do parametrów owego panela.
B. The controller of battery charge. Sterownik ładowania akumulatora (po angielsku zwany "controller"). Sterownik ten tak steruje napięciem i natężeniem prądu płynącego z panelu ogniw do akumulatora ładowanego przez ten panel, aby prąd ten możliwie najefektywniej naładował akumulator, oraz aby powiększał żywotność tego akumulatora.
C. Battery. Akumulator (po angielsku "battery"). Tak się składa, że generowanie elektryczności ze światła słonecznego może się odbywać wyłącznie we dnie. Tymczasem my chcemy konsumować ową elektryczność między innymi także wieczorem lub w nocy - kiedy NIE daje się już jej generować. Dlatego konieczne jest aby elektryczność tą przechować w akumulatorze z godzin dziennych (kiedy to jest ona generowana) do godzin nocnych (kiedy jest ona konsumowana). Najważniejszym zaś parametrem dzisiejszych akumulatorów, który decyduje jak dużo elektryczności dany akumulator może w sobie przechowywać, jest tzw. "Ah" czyli "amperogodzina". Dla generowania energii słonecznej najczęściej używa się akumulatorów o owej "Ah" rzędu 100 Ah, co dla 12 Voltowych akumulatorów oznacza, że jeden taki akumulator jest w stanie przechować w sobie E = 12x100=1200 Wh, czyli 1.2 kWh. (Zauważ, że akumulator 24 Voltowy będzie przechowywał 2 razy tyle energii.) Warto tu też odnotować, że akumulatory dla energii słonecznej zwykle różnią się od akumulatorów dla samochodów, ponieważ w samochodach nacisk kładzie się na parameter zwany CCA - czyli ilość amperów jakie ów akumulator jest w stanie dać aby zakręcić rozrusznikiem i zapalić samochód. Typowo więc samochodowe akumulatory 12 Voltowe mają ów parameter rzędu 600 CCA, jednak ich parameter "Ah" wynosi w nich tylko rzędu 30 Ah - czyli jest tylko około ćwierci tego co dają akumulatory budowane dla energii słonecznej.
D. Inverter. Przetwornica napięcia (po angielsku "inverter"). Panele słoneczne, a także akumulatory, dostarczają użytkownikowi jedynie prąd stały. (Typowo w systemach małej mocy < 1 kW jest to prąd o napięciu 12 Volt, zaś w systemach dużej mocy > 1 kW jest to prąd o napięciu 24 Volt.) Tymczasem większość urządzeń domowych jest zasilana prądem zmiennym o napięciu około 220 do 240 Volt. Stąd konieczne jest też dodatkowe urządzenie, po angielsku zwane "inverter", które jest jakby odwrotnością prostownika, albo "ładowaczki akumulatorowej". Zamienia ono prąd stały np. o napięciu 12 Volt, na prąd zmienny o napięciu 220 do 240 Volt i o wymaganej częstotliwości np. 50 Hz. Najistotniejszym parametrem tego "inverter" jest moc prądu jaki długoterminowo daje on z siebie. Oprócz bowiem tej długoterminowej mocy, dla "inverterów" zwykle podawana też jest druga moc jakiej pobór tolerują one krótkotrwale - np. dla invertera jaki ja zakupiłem i jaki opisuję dokładniej w punkcie #G2 tej strony, długoterminowo-brana moc wynosi 600 Watt, podczas gdy krótkoterminowo może on tolerować pobór mocy do 1200 Watt. Ta moc długoterminowa decyduje ile urządzeń prądu zmiennego i o jakiej mocy "inverter" ten jest w stanie zasilać. Przetwornice napięcia ("inverter") dostępne w normalnych sklepach są mocy rzędu 300 do 600 Watt. Ta ich moc wystarcza więc typowo do równoczesnego zasilania w elektryczność np. oświetlenia pokoju zlożenego z 2 do 4 żarówek jarzeniowych o mocy 35 Watt każda, plus jednego nowoczesnego (płaskiego) telewizora, którego specyfikacja typowo podaje iż konsumuje on 65 Watt (np. 42-inchowego TV typu 42LA6230-TB koreańskiej firmy "LG" - jaki ja posiadam i dla jakiego ja zaprojektowałem swój system), plus jednego komputera "laptop", którego specyfikacja podaje zużycie elektryczności w wysokości 60 Watt (jednak który praktycznie konsumuje dwa razy tyle mocy, tj. praktycznie konsumuje około 120 Watt). Owe 300 do 600 Watt jest jednak zbyt mało aby np. zasilać nimi kuchenkę elektryczną czy grzejnik (chociaż w sklepach niektórych krajów, w tym Polski, są dostępne małe spiralne grzałki elektryczne do zagotowywania pojedynczej szklanki wody, których konsumpcja elektryczności NIE przekracza 600 Watt). Na szczęście, budowane są też przetwornice napięcia (inverter'y) o dużych mocach. Trzeba ich jednak szukać w specjalistycznych sklepach. Ponadto ich ceny są już równie znaczące - np. w NZ taki dobrze oprogramowany inverter (np. z "soft start function" - po jej opis i znaczenie patrz punkt #G2 poniżej) o mocy 2000 Watt w 2014 roku kosztował NZ$ 1349 i to bez względu czy był na 12 Volt czy też na 24 Volt. Najtańszy zaś inverter jaki dotychczas widziałem w NZ sklepie o mocy 2000 Watt na 12 Volt był typu MI-5116 i w 2014 roku kosztował NZ$ 625 (też "Made in China").
E. Appliances. Urządzenia domowe zasilane elektrycznością (po angielsku zwane "appliances"). Kiedy na wyjściu z "inverter" ma się już źródło prądu zmiennego o napięciu 220 do 240 Volt i częstotliwości 50 Hz, wówczas do tego źródła elektryczności można sobie podłączać dowolne domowe urządzenia elektryczne wymagające zasilania, pod warunkiem jednak że ich konsumpcja energii NIE przekracza mocy dawanej nam na wyjściu z "inverter" - która to moc będzie zależała od typu invertera, rrodzaju akumulatora, oraz wydajności elektrycznej panelu słonecznego jaki zasila ów akumulator.
F. Electric meter. Miernik elektryczny. Praktycznie NIE daje się zbudować (i potem wytestować) systemu do generowania elektryczności, jeśli NIE nabędzie się relatywnie dobrego "uniwersalnego miernika elektrycznego", jaki będzie pozwalał nam mierzyć napięcia, prądy i oporności, zarówno dla prądu stałego, jak i dla prądu zmiennego. Aczkolwiek więc taki miernik NIE jest stałą składową systemu do generowania elektryczności, ciągle jest on jednym z najbardziej nam niezbędnych urządzeń, które musimy sobie zakupić najpóźniej równocześnie z panelem słonecznym - chyba że mamy już taki miernik w zestawie swoich narzędzi domowych.
Z uwagi na niebezpieczeństwo zaistnienia tzw. "problemu kompatibilności" opisywanego m.in. w punkcie #G1 tej strony, NIE powinno się zakupywać żadnego z powyższych podzespołów zanim NIE uzyska się klarownego zrozumienia jaki system chcemy sobie zbudować, oraz zanim znajdziemy w sklepach i wybierzemy sobie do zakupu wszystkie podzespoły które spełniają parametry naszego projektu tego systemu. Aby zaś odpowiedzialnie zaprojektować sobie taki system, musimy najpierw rozumieć z czego się on skada, jak działa, jak możemy obliczyć sobie parametry pracy jego podzespołów, oraz jakie problemy mogą go potem trapić - czyli co najmniej powinniśmy najpierw przeczytać całą niniejszą stronę, a jeśli się da to także dowolne inne publikcacje na temat generowania elektryczności z energii słonecznej.
* * *
Powyższy wykaz podzespołów omawianego
tu systemu NIE uwzględnia całej masy dodatkowych
części i podzespołów, które będą też potrzebne dla
zapewniania wygody i bezpieczeństwa użytkowania
tego systemu, takich jak przewody doprowadzające
(po angielsku "leads"), bezpieczniki, osłony, skrzynki,
itp. Te dodatkowe części i podzespoły omówię dokładniej
w części #K tej strony, przy okazji opisów cen zakupu
dla zrealizowania drugiej fazy budowy omawianego
tu systemu.
#B3.
Designing of our own anti-cataclysm home system for the
backup generation of solar energy - how it is carried out today:
Zanim podejmiemy zakupy podzespołów do swego
domowego i "anty-kataklizmowego" systemu generowania
elektryczności z energii słońca, najpierw powinniśmy
go sobie "zaprojektować". Typowo jednak słowo
"projektowanie" odstrasza dzisiejszych ludzi, bowiem
od razu kojarzy się im z inżynierami projektującymi
jakieś skomplikowane maszyny, czy z architektami
projektującymi nowe drapacze chmur. Tymczasem
projektowanie opisywanego tu systemu jest znacznie
prostrze - i stąd niemal każdy majsterkowicz powinien
być w stanie z nim sobie poradzić.
System ten bowiem zawsze będzie zawierał co
najmniej podzespoły pokazane na "Rys. #B1".
Ponadto podzespoły te zawsze będą połączone
ze sobą w sposób pokazany na "Rys. #B1". Jedyne
więc co nam pozostaje dokonać podczas naszego
"projektowania", to upewnić się, że owe podzespoły
są nawzajem "kompatibilne" (czyli że współpracują
one ze sobą możliwie najefektywniej), oraz że
najwłaściwiej wypełniają zadanie zaopatrywania
naszego domu w zaprojektowaną ilość elektryczności.
Praktycznie więc, jedyne co musimy podczas
owego projektowania zrealizować, to policzyć
kilka mocy, napięć i natężeń prądu, oraz potem
poprzymierzać (nawzajem dopasować) wyniki
naszych obliczeń oraz parametry głównych
podzespołów systemu słonecznego jakie
sklepy zaoferują nam do zakupu.
Wymaganych obliczeń naszego projektowanego systemu można dokonywać aż na cały szereg sposobów. Ja nawet rozglądałem się w internecie za jakimś już gotowym algorytmen (procedurą) takich obliczeń - jednak go tam NIE znalazłem. Dokonałem więc swoich własnych obliczeń, jakie opisałem w punkcie #D1 tej strony, poczym na podstawie ich wyników dokonałem zakupów wymaganych podzespołów. Podczas późniejszego testowania okazało się jednak, że popełniłem drobne pomyłki - przykładowo NIE uwzględniłem faktycznych strat mocy pojawiających się w rzeczywistym systemie. Niemniej wyniki jakie uzyskałem ciągle okazały się poprawne - zawsze dodawałem bowiem do nich spory "zapas" dodatkowych wartości. Aby więc uchronić czytelnika od niepotrzebnej świadomości, że w trakcie dokonywania swoich obliczeń, też popełnili jakieś drobne pomyłki, w następnym punkcie #B4 przytoczyłem "algorytm" według którego dokonywałbym przeliczeń projektowanego systemu słonecznego na bazie moich dzisiejszych doświadczeń - tj. już po uwzględnieniu wyników moich testów oraz pomyłek jakie uprzednio popełniłem. Ten udoskonalony algorytm obliczeń możnaby nazywać "algorytmem dra Pająka", ponieważ zawarłem w nim całą wiedzę i doświadczenie jakie na temat "akumulatorowych" systemów słonecznych do domowego generowania elektryczności zdobyłem dotychczas. W miarę też jak moje doświadczenia będą wzrastały, będę też udoskonalał ów algorytm. Oczywiście, wcale NIE twierdzę iż jest on najlepszy czy najprostrzy ze wszystkich możliwych - po prostu jest on takim jaki dzisiaj bym używał gdybym projektował nowy system. Czytelnik może jednak też użyć dowolny inny algorytm jaki uzna za prostrzy lub dokładniejszy - nawet algorytm z punktu #D1, który ja sam użyłem zanim zdobyłem dzisiejsze swe doświadczenia. Wszakże niezależnie od tego jaki algorytm obliczeń się użyje, jeśli tylko jest on relatywnie poprawny, wówczas ciągle dochodzi się do niemal tego samego projektu końcowego.
#B4.
Procedures (algorithms) for designing and completion of a domestic and "anti-cataclysmic"
system for the domestic generation electricity from solar energy:
W swojej karierze zawodowej prowadziłem
wiele wykładów z programowania komputerów.
Stąd jestem świadomy, że większość prac i
działań dokonywanych przez ludzi, może być
też zaprogramowana na komputery i potem
wykonywana automatycznie przez te maszyny.
Na bazie więc własnej wiedzy, praktycznych
doświadczeń, oraz wcześniej popełnionych
przez siebie błędów, postaram się teraz
zaprezentować czytelnikowi taki jakby
"program" pomagający mu wyjaśnić jak
należy projektować i budować opisywany
tu anty-kataklizmowy system słoneczny.
Tyle, że zamiast rozkazów dla komputera,
zawiera on ponumerowane kroki, które
czytelnik powinien zrealizować w podanej
nim kolejności - jeśli podejmie budowę
takiego systemu słonecznego. Fachowo
taką procedurę postępowania nazywa się
"algorytmem". (Stąd poniższą procedurę
można nieoficjalnie nazywać "algorytmem
dra Pająka".) Poniżej przytaczam dwie
wersje owego algorytmu (w podpunkcie
#B4.1 przytaczam algorytm dla osób NIE
lubiących dokonywać obliczeń, zaś w
podpunkcie #B4.2 przytaczam algorytm
dla osób które lubią z góry wszystko
policzyć i przewidzieć).
Z każdego domowego systemu słonecznnego długoterminowo (tj. przez wiele godzin) we dnie i latem można pobierać prąd o mocy NIE większej od mocy posiadanego panela z ogniwami PV. Stąd im wiekszy panel się zakupi, tym większą moc z niego daje się pobierać. Przykładowo, ja zdołałem kupić sobie panel o mocy 120 Watt (który jest najmniejszym jaki ciągle można rozważać do domowego użytku). Stąd we dnie i latem długoterminowo mogę z niego zasilać urządzenia domowe o mocy NIE większej niż 120 Watt (tj. urządzenia takie jak mój komputer lap-top konsumujący właśnie około 120 Watt, mój telewizor LG, oświetlenie głównego mojego pokoju, maszynka do golenia, itp.). Gdybym zaś mógł zakupić panel o mocy 300 Watt, wówczas latem i we dnie mogłbym z niego zasilać długoterminowo urządzenia konsumujące do 300 Watt. To dlatego, jeśli kupuje się panel, powinno się zakupić największy jaki kupić sobie jesteśmy w stanie. Natomiast zimą wydajność panela gwałtownie spada, stąd długoterminowo zasilać z niego można urządzenia konsumujące czasami nawet tylko połowę jego nominalnej mocy (np. w pochmurne dni). Z kolei nocami ze swego systemu słonecznego daje się zasilać urządzenia o mocy NIE większej niż wydajność naszego akumulatora - i to tylko przez kilka kolejnych godzin (tj. aż akumulator nam się wyczerpie, co w przypadku mojego akumulatora następuje już po około 2 do 3 godzinach - jeśli zasilam z niego tylko swój telewizor LG i światło jarzeniowe). Przez analogię do panela możnaby więc sobie wydedukować, że w takim razie trzeba też kupić sobie akumulator o największej dostępnej w sklepach pojemności. Tymczasem "guzik prawda" - ze względów praktycznych normalny użytkownik powinien kupić sobie akumulator o wadze co do której wie, że potem będzie w stanie akumulator ten samemu przenosić bez większych problemów (dzisiejsze akumulatory są bowiem bardzo ciężkie, zaś ich konstrukcja NIE sprzyja łatwemu przenoszeniu). Znaczy, normalny użytkownik powinien zakupić sobie akumulator o wadze około 30 kg (przy której to wadze dzisiejsze akumulatory dają pojemność około 100 Ah). Jest bowiem szokujące ile razy po owym zakupie akumulator ten przychodzi potem przenosić w coraz to inne miejsce - czego NIE dałoby się uczynić gdyby za każdym razem trzeba było w tym celu sprowadzać sobie dźwig. Na dodatek. po kilku latach akumulatora tego trzeba też będzie móc się pozbyć.
#B4.1.
Designing the "minimal" system for the future enlargement:
Jeśli NIE lubisz obliczeń i wszystko wolisz dokonywać
raczej praktycznie niż teoretycznie, a jednocześnie początkowo
zamierzasz zestawić najprostrzy i najtańszy "minimalny"
domowy system słoneczny, co do którego początkowo
NIE wiesz, czy będzie on twoim docelowym systemem,
czy też tylko początkiem przyszłej rozbudowy, wówczas
wykonywanie wielu obliczeń opisanych w algorytmie z
punktu #B4.2 poniżej staje się niepotrzebne. Wszakże
dla uzyskania takiego "minimalnego" systemu początkowego
potrzebujesz jedynie nabyć panel słoneczną o największej
mocy jaką uda się ci zakupić i przetransportować do
swego domu, plus potrzebujesz też kupić sobie pozostałe
urządzenia pokazane powyżej na "Rys. #B1" - jakie jednak
będą kompatibilne dla pracy z owym największym panelem.
Dlatego algorytm projektowania twojego systemu w takim
przypadku wygląda prosto i obejmuje następujące działania:
#1: Spisz sobie dane o panelu słonecznym największej mocy jaki tylko jesteś w stanie sobie kupić i przytransportować do swego domu/mieszkania. Tj. spisz jego: (1) cenę - tak abyś mógł potem rozważyć czy stać cię na jego zakup, (2) moc - tj. czy faktycznie moc ta jest NIE mniejsza niż 120 Watt (120 Watt jest wszakże najniższą mocą jakiej zakup można kontemplować dla domowego użytku - jednak im większa jest moc panela, tym lepiej, w praktyce bowiem zawsze okaże się, że elektryczności generowanej przez twój panel będzie zbyt mało - np. ja gdybym mógł nabyłbym panel o mocy około 300 Watt, tyle że, niestety, panel 120 Watowa była największą oferowaną w NZ na sprzedaż w 2014 roku), oraz (3) napięcie prądu jaki panel ten generuje - szczególnie czy jest to 24 Voltowy panel (jaki jest dwukrotnie lepszy od 12 Voltowego), czy też tylko 12 Voltowy panel. Sprawdź też, czy będziesz w stanie przetransportować do twego domu/mieszkania panel o danych rozmiarach i wadze.
#2: Sprawdż, czy zdołasz też nabyć wszystkie pozostałe urządzenia zestawu pokazanego powyżej na "Rys. #B1" o parametrach kompitabilnych dla pracy z owym największym panelem słonecznym jaki preferowałbyś sobie kupić. Tj. sprawdż i zapisz sobie ceny oraz parametry pracy: (1) sterownika ładowania akumulatora dla napięcie panelu jaki wybrałeś (tj. dla 24 Volt albo też dla 12 Volt) oraz dla mocy większej niż moc wyjściowa panelu jaki wybałeś (np. jeśli wybrałeś sobie do zakupu panel o mocy 300 Watt, wówczas sterownik ładowania akumulatora NIE może być dla mocy mniejszej niż 300 Watt, ale może być dla mocy wyższej niż 300 Watt); (2) akumulatora - sprawdź czy jego napięcie jest właściwe (takie samo jak napięcie panela słonecznego), czy jego pojemność NIE jest mniejsza niż 100 Ah (wszakże aby mieć elektryczność dla świateł i dla telewizora przez kilka godzin po zapadnięciu zmroku, niezbędny jest ci akumulator o pojemności co najmniej 100 Ah - chociaż jeśli w twoim kraju NIE będą dostępne akumulatory o tak wysokiej pojemności, wówczas możesz kupić sobie mniejszy - tyle że musisz się liczyć z krótszą dostawą prądu po zapadnięciu zmroku), ponadto sprawdź też czy jednocześnie waga tego akumulatora NIE jest przypadkiem większa niż twoja zdolność do przenoszenia ciężarów (tj. czy typowo NIE jest większa niż około 30 kg - patrz punkt #G4 tej strony) - wszakże akumulator ten będziesz musiał wielokrotnie przestawiać, co byłoby trudne gdybyś w celu każdego jego przestawiania potrzebował dźwig; dla właściwego dobrania mocy "inverter'a" zapisz też sobie maksymalny prąd "Imax" jaki możesz pobierać z owego akumulatora; (3) inverter'a - czy jego napięcie na wejściu jest równe napięciu wyjścia z panela (np. 24 Volt albo 12 Volt) zaś napięcie i częstotliwość na wyjściu są równe tym pobieranym przez twoje domowe urządzenia elektryczne - szczególnie przez TV i przez komputer, czy jego moc dla długotrwałego użytku jest większa od sumy mocy panela plus mocy maksymalnego prądu "Imax*Voltage" pobieranego z akumulatora; zastanów się także czy jego cena jest na twoją kieszeń, wszakże inverter będzie najciężej pracującym urządzeniem twojego domowego systemu, stąd ma on szansę aby nawalać najczęściej i stąd musisz się liczyć z koniecznością więcej niż jednorazowego jego zakupu - dlatego warto abyś poszukał inverter'a o najniższej cenie (patrz moje własne przeboje z inverter'em opisane pod koniec punktu #G2 niniejszej strony). Pamiętaj przy tym, że różne kraje używają urządzeń domowych o różnych napięciach i częstotliwościach prądu - np. w USA używany jest prąd o częstotliwości 60 Hz, zaś w reszcie świata - 50 Hz. Stąd NIE każdy inverter nadaje się dla każdego kraju (chociaż systemy słoneczne mają tę zaletę, że pozwalają one na zakupienie sobie inverter'a o dowolnym napięciu i dowolnej częstotliwości na wyjściu, stąd m.in. pozwalają one na użycie w swym domu urządzeń elektrycznych z innych krajów, jakie normalnie NIE pracowałyby na sieci elektrycznej danego kraju - np. pozwalają aby amerykańskie urządzenia pracujące na 60Hz używane też były w innych krajach świata, oraz wice wersa).
#3: Jeśli znalazłeś wszystkie wskazane powyżej podzespoły i wszystkie one wypełniają podane powyżej wymogi, wówczas kup je sobie i przejdź do instalowania i testowania swojego systemu słonecznego. Opisy jak to czynić podałem w dalszych częściach tej strony.
#B4.2.
Designing of the final system for a long-term use:
Jeśli lubisz mieć wszystko dokładnie policzone i wiadome,
oraz wiesz też dokładnie jakie urządzenia domowe i przez
ile godzin dziennie docelowo będziesz zasilał ze swego
systemu słonecznego, wówczas możesz wybrać "analityczny"
algorytm projektowania swego systemu. Oto ów algorytm:
#1: Poznaj budowę i działanie systemów słonecznych do generowania elektryczności. W tym celu przeczytaj i przeanalizuj co najmniej całą tę stronę, zaś jeśli możesz, to także wszystko inne co dodatkowo wzbogaci twoją wiedzę na ten temat.
#2: Zadecyduj, czy potrzebujesz system 12 Voltowy czy też 24 Voltowy. W tym celu:
#2a: Wytypuj najbardziej ci niezbędne domowe urządzenia elektryczne, bez których najtrudniej byłoby ci się obyć w przypadku gdyby jakiś kataklizm przerwał dostawę prądu z sieci. Przykładowo, ja za takie absolutnie mi niezbędne urządzenia domowe uważam: (1) oświetlenie jednego pokoju, (2) komputer "laptop", oraz (3) TV.
#2b: Wyznacz sumę teoretycznej konsumpcji energii przez wytypowane urządzenia domowe. Indywidualne konsumpcje tych urządzeń daje się odczytać z ich tabliczek specyfikacji jakie powinny być obecne na każdym obecnie sprzedawanym urządzeniu elektrycznym. Przykładowo, w moim przypadku: (1) specjalnie dla zasilania energią słoneczną zakupiłem sobie światło jarzeniowe z dwoma jarzeniówkami 35 Watt, (2) mój komputer "laptop", zgodnie z jego specyfikacją, komsumuje 60 Watt, zaś mój "smart" telewizor firmy LG konsumuje 65 Watt. Stąd razem moje najniezbędniejsze urządzenia teoretycznie powinny konsumować w sumie co najmniej P=2x35+60+65 = 195 Watt elektyczności.
#2c: Pomnóż sumę teoretycznej konsumpcji przez współczynnik strat, aby uwzględnić sprawność urządzeń słonecznej dostawy elektryczności. Dla większości urządzeń straty te będą wynosiły co najmniej około 25% - ich teoretyczną konsumpcje pomnóż więc przez współczynnik 1.25. Natomiast dla komputera posiadającego własny akumulator (np. dla komputera "laptop") oraz mającego wbudowany w niego obwód ładowania tego akumulatora, a ponadto używającego np. myszy optycznej i odrębneej klawiatury, teoretyczną moc trzeba pomnożyć aż przez 2. Wynik zaokrąglij do najbliższej wyższej 10-tki. W moim więc przypadku rzeczywista konsumcja energii przez wytypowane najniezbędniejsze urządzenia wyniesie Pr = 70x1.25 +65x1.25 + 60x2 = 87.5 + 81.25 +120 = około 290 Watt.
#2d: Zadecyduj o systemie: 12 czy 24 Voltowy. W tym celu:
- Jeśli twoje "Pr" z "#2c" jest mniejsze niż około 900 Watt, wówczas możesz wybrać sobie do zbudowania 12 Voltowy system słoneczny - aczkolwiek NIE nadaje się on do późniejszej rozbudowy do systemu dużej mocy. Dlatago ja radziłbym abyś od razu wybrał sobie do zbudowania system 24 Voltowy - oczywiście jeśli tylko będziesz w stanie zakupić dla niego wszystkie wymagane podzespoły. (Np. w czasie realizowania mojego systemu w październiku 2014 roku, osoba prywatna, taka jak ja, NIE była w stanie zakupić sobie w NZ najważniejszych podzespołów dla systemów 24 Voltowych - takich jak panel 24 Voltowa i akumulator typu "Gell" na 24 Volty.) Wszakże system 24 Voltowy będziesz potem mógł łatwiej rozbudowywać aż do mocy około 2000 Watt - bez zmarnowania jakiegokolwiek już nabytego podzespołu. W moim też przypadku suma mocy wszystkich urządzeń jakie ja wytypowałem do zasilania energią słoneczną ma Pr dużo mniejsze od 900 Watt. Stąd ja mogłem sobie zbudować system 12 Voltowy - który był też jedynym dla jakiego wszystkie wymagane podzespoły dawały mi się zakupić w sklepach Nowej Zelandii.
- Jeśli zaś twoje Pr leży gdzieś pomiędzy 900 a 2000 Watt, wówczas albo wybierz do zbudowania 24 Voltowy system (o trudniejszych do zdobycia i zakupu podzespołach), albo też wykonaj krok #2e poniżej.
- Natomiast jeśli Pr jest wyższe niż 2000 Watt, wówczas wykonaj punkt #2e poniżej.
- Po wybraniu systemu jaki sobie zamierzasz zbudować, przejdź do wykonania punktu #3 poniżej.
#2e: Przy zapotrzebowaniu na moc Pr > 2000 zaakceptuj, że prawdopodobnie NIE powinieneś podejmować ryzyka budowania samemu od razu systemu słonecznego dużej mocy zdolnego do zaopatrywania w energię elektryczną wszystkich urządzeń jakie wytypowałeś. Wszakże ani NIE masz wymaganego doświadczenia praktycznego, ani też jako prywatna osoba NIE będziesz w stanie zakupić w sklepie wszystkich podzespołów wymaganych dla mocy przekraczającej 2000 Watt. Dlatego albo (a) znajdź sposób na zastąpienie jakimś innym zasilaniem anty-kataklizmowego działania najbardziej "głodnych" na energię urządzeń jakie wytypowałeś w punkcie #2a i wyeliminuj je ze swojej listy urządzeń najniezbędniejszych do zasilania energią słoneczną (np. jeśli są to urządzenia do gotowania - wtedy raczej kup sobie kuchenkę gazową oraz butlę z ciekłym gazem i to na nich planuj awaryjne gotowanie). Po wyeliminowaniu zaś ze swej listy tych "głodnych" na energię urządzeń, powtórz zrealizowanie puntów #2a do #2d niniejszego algorytmu. Alternatywnie, albo (b) zaplanuj, że taki system wysokiej mocy będziesz planował i realizował dopiero w "fazie 3" swojego projektu, albo też (c) zleć jakiejś firmie zbudowanie dla siebie systemu słonecznego jaki wymaga aż tak dużych dostaw mocy - zanim jednak to uczynisz przeczytaj uważnie punkty #A1, #B5 i #F3 niniejszej strony i upewnij się, że owa firma zbuduje ci system jakie NIE uczyni cię zależnym od sieci, czyli system jaki będzie zaopatrzony we własne akumulatory i jaki będzie działał poprawnie dniami i nocami oraz dla swej poprawnej pracy wcale NIE wymaga on zostania podłączonym do sieci elektrycznej.
#3: Wylicz minimalną moc panelu słonecznego jaki powinieneś sobie zakupić. Odnotuj tu jednak, że wyniki tych obliczeń wskazują ci tylko najmniejszy panel jaki twoje urządzenia domowe wymagają abyś zakupił. Z moich doświadczeń empirycznych wynika jednak, że już od samego początku powinieneś nastawiać się na zakup największego pojedyńczego panelu słonecznego jaki tylko znajdziesz dostępny do zakupu, na jakiego kupno cię stać, jaki okaże się być najbardziej ekonomiczny w twojej sytuacji - tj. jaki daje najniższy koszt jednostkowy elektryczności na wejściu do akumulatora, jaki będziesz w stanie przetransportować do swego domu i zainstalować u siebie, oraz jakiego moc NIE jest mniejsza od 120 Watt. Z energią jest bowiem jak ze smaczną potrawą - tj. bez względu na to ile jej się ma, zawsze potem okazuje się być jej za mało. A typowo koszt samego panelu stanowi tylko około jednej-trzeciej kosztów zakupu wszystkich urządzeń systemu słonecznego - podczas gdy jego wydajność decyduje o wydajności i użyteczności całego systemu. W celu wyliczenia tej minimalnej mocy panelu do zakupu, wykonaj co następuje:
#3a: Wyznacz przez ile godzin dziennie (maksymalnie) będziesz zasilał elektrycznością każde z wytypowanych urządzeń. Przykładowo, ja każde z urządzeń używam przez NIE więcej niż około h=5 godzin dziennie.
#3b: Wylicz ile energii elektrycznej będą konsumowały codziennie wytypowane przez ciebie urządzenia. W tym celu pomnóż przez "h" z punktu #3a moc "Pr" wyliczoną w punkcie #2c. Przykładowo, dla mnie codzienna konsumpca energii wyniesie około E=Prxh=290x6=1740 Wato-godzin.
#3c: Wylicz minimalną moc P panelu słonecznego jaki jest ci potrzebny. W tym celu użyj wzoru P=E/hs, gdzie "E" jest tym z punktu #3b", zaś podziel go przez "hs" oznaczające średnią liczbę godzin światła dziennego w twojej okolicy jakiego jasność jest wystarczająca dla generowania elektryczności w panelu słonecznym (u mnie ta liczba wynosi około hs=10). W moim więc przypadku, P=1740/10 = około 174 Watt. Niestety, panela o tej mocy NIE byłem w stanie zakupić w NZ. Największy panel oferowany mi do zakupu miał moc 145 Watt i kosztował 399 dolarów NZ - jednak wymagał on też dodatkowego zakupu drogiego kontrolera (sterownika) ładowania akumulatora kosztującego aż 309 dolarów NZ, oraz zakupu drogich przewodów doprowadzających elektryczność do akumulatora. Stąd z uwagi na różnicę kosztów oraz dla kilku jeszcze innych powodów, częściowo wyjaśnionych m.in. w punkcie #G3 tej strony, zdecydowałem się zakupić panel o mocy P=120 Watt - który miał ów sterownik oraz przeowdy doprowadzające już w siebie wbudowane i już wliczone do jego ceny.
#4: Wylicz maksymalne natężenia prądu wpływającego do akumulatora oraz maksymalny prąd i moc pobieralną z akumulatora. Swe obliczenia zabazuj na fakcie, że:
#4a: Maksymalny prąd wpływający do akumulatora "Iin" będzie powodowany przez zasilanie akumulatora przez panel słoneczną. Owo Iin = P/V. W moim więc przykładzie wynosi ono Iin = 120/12 = 10 Amper.
#4b: Maksymalny prąd normalnie wypływający z akumulatora "Iout" będzie powodowany przez równoczesne zasilanie wszystkich wytypowanych przez ciebie urządzeń domowych. Owo Iout = Pr/V. W moim więc przypadku wyniesie ono Iout = 290/12 = około 25 Amper.
#4c: Maksymalna moc pobieralna z akumulatora będzie ograniczana maksymalnym prądem jaki akumulator może z siebie dawać. Dlatego wyniesie ona Pmax=IxU, gdzie I jest podane w specyfikacji akumulatora (w moim przykładzie akumulatora owo I=30 Amper, co przy V=12 Volt daje moje Pmax = 30x12=360 Watt).
#5: Znajdź w dostępnych ci sklepach zestaw urządzeń jaki chciałbyś sobie zakupić, a jaki odpowiada urządzeniom pokazanym na "Rys. #B1". Dla każdego z tych urządzeń pozapisuj sobie (a) nazwy, (b) typy, (c) najważniejsze parametry pracy, (d) ceny tych urządzeń. Przy wybieraniu tych urządzeń upewnij się, że:
#5a: Panel słoneczną jaką sobie wybierzesz ma moc wyższą niż moc jaką wyliczyłeś w punkcie #3c, ani też NIE niższą niż 120 Watt. (Nie warto bowiem inwestować pieniędzy i czasu w budowanie sobie systemów słonecznych o mocy niższej niż 120 Watt.) Jeśli zaś NIE ma w sprzedaży panelu o aż tak dużej mocy jaka wynika z twoich obliczeń, wówczas wybierz sobie do zakupu dwa lub więcej największych panelów jakie znajdziesz w sklepach, a jakich moc NIE jest mniejsza niż 120 Watt - wszakże zawsze możesz połączyć je równolegle. Generalna bowiem zasada jaka powinieneś przyjąć przy wybieraniu panelu do zakupu, to że lepiej posiadać panel o wyższej mocy niż wyszło ci z wyliczeń iż jest ci potrzebna, niż tylko panel który jest równy tej mocy. Wszakże w #12a i #12b z niniejszego punktu #B4 wyjaśniam, że maksymalna ilość mocy jaką podczas dnia możesz czerpać ze swego systemu zależy właśnie od mocy twego panela. Tylko zaś ilość mocy jaką możesz czerpać nocami zalezy od twojego akumulatora. Dlatego im panel jest wyższej mocy, tym korzystniej go zakupić - jeśli tylko stać cię na niego oraz jeśli tylko jest on na napięcie jakie sobie wybrałeś do zrealizowania w punkcie #2d. Wszakże zawsze lepiej mieć w rezerwie jakąś nadwyżkę mocy na pochmurne dni. Oprócz mocy i ceny wybranego przez siebie panelu, odpisz sobie także z jego specyfikacji maksymalne natężenie prądu "Imax" jaki on generuje (aczkolwiek w przypadku gdyby jego specyfikacja NIE była ci dostępna wówczas ciągle prąd ten możesz też w przybliżeniu sobie wyliczyć ze wzoru "moc/napięcie"). Typowo też wszystkie parametry pozostałych urządzeń swego systemu staraj się dopasować do parametrów tego panela zaplanowanego do zakupu - chyba że z jakichś powodów (np. braku w sprzedaży urządzeń o wymaganych parametrach) zmuszony bedziesz uczynić odwrotnie.
#5b: Akumulator pozwala na pobór z niego co najmniej natężenia jakie wyliczyłeś w punkcie #4b i ilości energii elektrycznej jaką wyliczyłeś w punkcie #3b, oraz jest w stanie przyjąć natężenie jakie wyliczyłeś w punkcie #4a. Maksymalne natężnie jakie akumulator może przyjąć lub oddać jest podane w jego specyfikacji - dla porównania patrz punkt #G4 tej strony (dla mojego akumulatora natężenie to wynosi 30 Amper). Natomiast ilość elektryczności jaką może on zgromadzić w sobie jest wyrażona parametrem AH" (tj. "Ampero-Hours" czyli "Ampero-godzin"). Np. mój akumulator opisany w punkcie #G4 ma pojemność 100 AH, co przy jego naminalnym napięciu 12 Volt daje 1.2 kWh zgromadzonej w nim elektryczności. Czyli mój akumulator jest w stanie przyjąć i oddać co najmniej wszystko to, co od niego wymagane.
#5c: Jeśli NIE masz miernika do testowania (tego jaki opisuję w punkcie #11 niniejszego algorytmu), upewnij się, że do listy swych zakupów włączysz także taki miernik elektryczny. Wszakże bez dobrego miernika NIE będziesz w stanie ani zestawić, ani też wytestować swego systemu. Nie popełniaj tez mojego błędu i NIE zakładaj, że miernik prądu o 10 Amperach ci wystarczy. lepiej zakup miernik który będzie tolerował prądy jakie wynikają z punktów #4a, #4b i #5b.
#6: Podsumuj koszta i sprawdź, czy stać cię na zakup wszystkich urządzeń systemu jakie sobie wybrałeś. W tym celu dodaj do siebie ceny urządzeń jakie sobie zapisałeś w punkcie #5. Jeśli ich sumaryczna cena przekracza twoje możliwości finansowe, wówczas albo (a) wybierz zestaw tańszych urządzeń i powtórz działania począwszy od punktu #5, albo też zmniejsz wielkosć budowanego systemu i powtórz działania poczawszy od punktu #2a, tym razem eliminując ze swego wykazu mniej potrzebne ci domowe urządzenia wybrane uprzednio do zasilania energią słoneczną.
#7: Staraj się ustalić najdokładniej jak możesz maksymalne natężenie prądu płynącego od panelu słonecznego. Specyfikacja panelu słonecznego jaki sobie wybrałeś w punkcie #5a, zawsze podaje moc jaką on wytwarza i nominalny prąd, a czasami podaje też maksymalny prąd jaki on generuje. Jeśli zaś NIE masz dostępu do owej specyfikacji w przybliżeniu prąd ten możesz sobie wyliczyć. Przykładowo, mój panel ma moc P=120 Watt. Ze wzoru I=P/U możesz więc wyliczyć średnie natężenie prądu jaki ów panel będzie wytwarzał. Do wyliczenia tego natężenia za "U" przyjmij jednak nie owo nominalne napięce na swoim akumulatorze (w moim przypadku NIE 12 Volt), a napięcie przy jakim twój "inverter" się wyłączy - w moim przypadku wynosi ono U=10 Volt. Stąd przykładowo, dla mojego akumulatora maksymalne natężenie prądu z panela wyniesie I=P/u=120/10=12 Amper. Odnotuj, ze w specyfikacji panelu będzie też podane nominalne natężenie prądu jaki on generuje. Przykładowo, w punkcie #G3 tej strony dla mojego panela owo natężenie jest podane jako I=6.67 Amper. Maksymalne natężenie typowo jednak może być dwa razy większe niż owo nominalne.
#8: Sprawdź czy "controller" ładowania akumulatora jaki wybrałeś może tolerować maksymalny prąd jaki wyznaczyłeś w punkcie #7. Jeśli NIE, wówczas wybierz "controller" cięższego typu jaki będzie tolerował natężenie wyznaczone w punkcie #7, poczym powtórz punkt #6 aby sprawdzić czy cię na niego stać.
#9: Spawdź czy "inverter" jaki wybrałeś może tolerować co najmniej moc P jaką konsumują twoje urządzenia (tą wyliczoną w punkcie #2c) jak i co najmniej maksymalny prąd jaki przez niego będzie przepływał, a jaki wyznaczysz poprzez dodanie do siebie prądu z punktu "#5b" oraz prądu z punktu #7. Jeśli NIE, wówczas wybierz "inverter" cięższego typu jaki będzie tolerował wymagane natężenie i moce, poczym powtórz punkt #6 aby sprawdzić czy cię na niego stać.
#10: Zakup końcowo wybrany zestaw urządzeń i natychmost je prowizorycznie zestaw ze sobą aby wytestować czy działają poprawnie. Na dokonanie zakupów wybierz dzień o dobrej pogodzie oraz kiedy ty sam masz sporo wolnego czasu - tak abyś jeszcze tego samego dnia miał czas aby przetestować czy działa to co kupiłeś i jakie faktycznie parametry pracy to generuje. Upewnij się przy tym, że masz dobry miernik do mierzenia napięć i natężeń prądu stałego i zmiennego, jakie u ciebie wystąpią - jesli NIE masz takiego miernika, to także go sobie zakup razem z urządzeniami. Do przetestowania zestaw swe urządzenia np. na ogródku, tak jak pokazuję to na "Fig. #G1". Jeśli zaś coś NIE działa, albo działa niewłaściwie, natychmiast po przetestowaniu udaj się do sklepu i wymień to na dobrze działające urządzenie.
11: Przez szereg dni testuj w swoim mieszkaniu poprawne działanie swego systemu w najróżniejszych warunkach i sytuacjach normalnego jego użytkowania. Po zakończeniu tego testowania i po wyeliminowaniu wszelkich jego niedogodności przejdź do realizacji "fazy 2" - czyli trwałego instalowania w swym domu tego systemu.
12: Dokładnie poznaj i zapamiętaj lub zapisz sobie najwyższe parametry elektryczności jaką twój system może ci dostarczać, poczym uwzględniaj te parametry w codziennym użytkowaniu swego systemu. Odnotuj, że parametry te są następujących rodzajów:
#12a: Użytkowanie systemu w czasie dnia podczas słonecznej pogody ale nienaładowanego akumulatora. W tym użytkowaniu moc jaką możesz pobierać z systemu wynosi P panelu, czyli tylko tą jaką ustaliłeś w punkcie #5a (w moim przypadku moc ta wynosi P=120 Watt).
#12b: Użytkowanie systemu w czasie dnia podczas słonecznej pogody i przy naładowanym akumulatorze. W tym użytkowaniu moc jaką możesz pobierać z systemu jest sumą maksymalnej mocy jaką dostarczają oboje, panel i akumulator, czyli suma mocy z punktu #5a i punktu #4c. (W moim przypadku moc ta obecnie wynosi P=120+360=480 Watt - co oznacza, że gdybym w przyszłości zdecydował się dokupić jeszcze jeden panel 120 Watowy, wówczas mógłbym w czasie dnia pobierać z systemu pełną moc 600 Watt na jaką pozwala mój "inverter", będąc nią w stanie zasilać nawet mały czajnik lub mały grzejnik.)
#12c: Użytkowanie systemu w czasie nocy i przy naładowanym akumulatorze. W tym przypadku moc jaką możesz pobierać z systemu jest maksymalną mocą jaką dostarczy ci akumulator, czyli mocą z punktu #4c (w moim przypadku moc ta wynosi P=360 Watt).
* * *
Uwaga: dopracowywanie
powyższego "algorytmu" NIE jest jeszcze w pełni
zakończone, jako że ja kontynuuję swoje eksperymenty
i nadal gromadzę swoje doświadczenia praktyczne,
a stąd nadal zwiększam swoją wiedzę i doświadczenie.
Proszę więc go traktować jedynie jako rodzaj wstępnej
informacji, którą być może ciągle trzeba będzie uzupełnić
i udoskonalać w miarę jak moja (oraz twoja czytelniku)
wiedza i doświadczenie będą się zwiększały.
#B5.
"Battery-deprived" solar systems built commercially by solar companies -
i.e. systems which make their domestic owners dependent (instead
of freeing them) on purchases of electricity from the grid:
Today's businesses that install solar systems typically
advertise their services and justify the need for the use
of solar electricity by the idea of self-sufficiency and the
idea of purity and goodness of the natural environment.
At the same time, they build solar systems that do NOT
contain batteries - means are unable to store electricity
from the time of daylight (when the electricity is generated),
until the nightime (when electricity is most needed).
The argumentation for the use of this solution is that
during days the electricity generated by solar panels
can be sold to the national grid, while at night (i.e. when
the electricity is most needed), it can be re-purchased
from the grid. Thus, according to this argument, in such
grid-tied solar systems, batteries supposedly are NOT
needed. After all, the function of these batteries supposed
to fulfill the electricity grid. (In English, these solar systems
are called "Grid Tie" or "grid-interactive".) This idea is only
apparently simple and convincing. However, in the more
aware people it may induce questions such as "whether
the companies that install accumulator-deprived solar
systems actually serve the cause of good, or only serve
the matter of cooperation between them and the managers
of electrical grids, so due to construction of mainly such
battery-deprived solar systems, work in service of immoral
dependency of a growing number of consumers of electricity
from the electrical grid that is harming humans and nature?"
Many unaware of this problem people fall for the above argumentation that supposedly justify the lack of need for batteries in solar systems. However, they overlook the fact that the most vital goal of installing a domestic solar system, is its ability to make its owner independent from the electricity grid (or network) - and thus, amongst others, to backup protection of the owner's house from the consequences of emergencies during natural disasters. It means, the ability of solar systems to replace the grid power supply in cases when the electricity supply from the grid is interrupted or obstructed by any disaster, sabotage, war, pandemic, non-acceptable increase in electricity prices, etc. If one carefully considers the matter, the solar systems unable to accumulate electricity, are also NOT able to provide our self-sufficiency and to help the nature. After all, only through the use of the grid, we already add our own contribution to the existence of this grid and to all of the damages that today's electricity grids and power generationg stations are causing to nature and to the human environment. In addition, such battery-deprived solar systems in many different ways make dependent their owners on companies that during days are buying from them electricity, while during nights are selling this electricity to them. After all, these companies dictate the price-difference between the purchase and the sale of electricty, and also put up its numerous conditions and requirements, while in today's immoral times nothing will prevent them from a heartless exploitation of the owners of solar systems that depend upon their services. Therefore I would advise the reader - do NOT fall for the installing of a battery-deprived solar system, because on everyday basis it will turn you into a slave of your grid company, while in critical times of a disaster, when the electricity will be most in need by you, the system will NOT work.
In addition to the inability to replace the grid in emergencies, such battery-deprived solar systems installed by solar companies have also numerous other defects. Most of these defects I have tried to explain in item #F3 from this web page. For example, they are dangerous, because they entirely work on voltages capable to kill a human (typically in the order of 600 Volt DC). Thus, their owners risk lives if e.g. they themselves wanted to wash their solar panels (i.e. even for washing panels owners must hire companies specializing in this job - which may prove to be companies of cousins or friends of the business that has installed panels for us). They also facilitate the exploitation of their owners by grid companies that will purchase back during days, and resell during nights, the electricity being generated. This is because in today's immoral times these grid companies take advantage of the fact, that owners of these solar systems are completely dependent on them, and impose such price difference between electricity that is purchased and resold, that owners of solar systems will incurr losses on their investment. Etc., etc. All in all, if you, the reader, want to contribute your bit for the good of nature and the environment, I do NOT advise you that you do it by investing into battery-deprived domestic solar system.
In item #J1 from my web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm I explained exactly that, according to totalizm any decision can be taken either in a manner consistent with the criteria of morality, or in an immoral manner. However, only the decisions taken in accordance with the criteria of morality solve the problem because of which they had to be taken. In contrast, immoral decisions only move to a later date the need for finding a morally correct solution to a given problem, and also they escalate the power of this problem. According to criteria of the philosophy of totalizm, the decision to build domestic solar systems that are NOT embodying any devices capable of storing energy (e.g. batteries, systems of capacitors, the oscillatory chambers, etc.), is the "immoral" decision. In turn which attributes of this decision reveal to us that in fact it is an immoral decision, I explained it in more detail in item #F3 of this web page. Thus, similarly as described also in item #J1 from the web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm the introduction of e.g. antibiotics and pesticides to the general use, or the introduction of the theory of relativity to the public education, also the today's decisions of some people to purchase from companies discussed here an battery-deprived domestic solar systems, will only escalate the problems of these people and all of humanity - rather than solve these problems. Moreover, already now one can notice the increasingly more negative consequences of the decisions of using for domestic purposes such battery-deprived solar systems - as an example of these consequences, consider the actual reasons behind my many years long difficulties with such seemingly trivial matter as the purchase of a solar panel described in item #S1 of this web page. Or find the true answer to the question why the most capacious accumulator of energy in the world, which is the oscillatory chamber, which has the ability to completely eliminate electrical grids and to complete revolutionize the generation and distribution of all forms of energy, has been theoretically invented in the night from 2nd to 3rd January 1984, and then widely disseminated throughout the world in numerous publications, but still there is NO official research institution in the world that would start its research and development?
Part #C: Problems with the turning of theory into practice:
#C1. Although the theory looks simple, the practice is difficult because people are masters in obstructing:
Na przekór, że teoria opsywanego tu systemu jest prosta, praktyczne zbudowanie takiego systemu napotyka na wiele przeszkód. Te przeszkody są w stanie zniechęcić nawet najbardziej zadedykowaną osobę. Omówmy tutaj najważniejsze z nich - na jakie ja się dotychczas natykałem:A. The unavailability of vital components in shops. Chociaż z zamiarem zbudowania omawianego tu systemu nosiłem się od wielu już lat, pierwszy sklep jaki sprzedaje wymagane podzespoły odkryłem dopiero w połowie października 2014 roku. Sklep ten NIE był bowiem reklamowany, zaś jego konkurenci NIE garnęli się do ujawnienia "iż" oraz "gdzie" on istnieje. Więcej informacji na temat "dlaczego" tak się działo podałem w punkcie #S1 tej strony.
B. The need for the initial spending of a large sum at once. Aby zbudować sobie omawiany tu system, konieczne jest wydanie naraz sporej sumy. Ja wydałem ją w sposób bardzo oszczędny i ostrożny, ciągle jednak dla bardzo prostego systemu domowego i "anty-kataklizmicznego" o średniej dziennej mocy 1.2 kWh osiągnęła ona rząd podany poniżej w "Tabeli #E1". Na dodatek, kiedy samemu się podejmuje budowę takiego systemu, wówczas początkowo NIE wie się dokładnie, ile docelowo będzie on kosztował, bowiem NIE zna się wszystkich wymaganych cen, ponadto NIE wie się nawet jak dobrze będzie on działał i czy zainwestowanie w niego faktycznie zwróci się nam szybko w oszczędnościach na kosztach elektryczności. Z kolei, gdyby się zamówiło wykonanie takiego systemu przez jakąś dochodowo budującą te systemy firmę, wówczas za najtańszy i najprymitywniejszy taki system, na dodatek pozbawiony akumulatora (a stąd "niemoralny"), w 2014 roku nowozelandzkie firmy potrafiły "zaśpiewać" co najmniej 20 tysięcy dolarów - co jest w stanie natychmiast odstraszyć niemal każdego zwykłego człowieka.
Part #D: The beginning of stage 1: the calculation of parameters for basic components that I will need:
#D1. How in "stage 1" I calculated the parameters of my devices - that is, how I designed my portable domestic and "anti-cataclysmic" system to generate solar electricity mainly for lighting, computer and television:
Logika stwierdza, że ceny urządzeń potrzebnych do budowy omawianego tu systemu powinny stopniowo się obniżać (chociaż, jak to już zdołałem odnotować, w gnębionej monopolami Nowej Zelandii faktycznie ceny urządzeń do energii słonecznej nieustannie rosną). Na dodatek, moje doświadczenie wzrasta w miarę jak sam już coś sobie zbudowałem i używam to przez dłuższy czas. Dlatego w mojej pierwszej fazie realizowania projektu "energia słoneczna" NIE byłem zbyt ambitnym i zadowoliłem się zbudowaniem najprostrzego i najtańszego systemu, jaki jednak miał mi dostarczyć wymaganych doświadczeń i dać rozeznanie co do jego użyteczności. Taki zaś najprostrzy i najtańszy system ja nazywam tu "anty-kataklizmowym", ponieważ powinien on być w stanie dostarczyć mi zasilania w elektryczność tych wszystkich urządzeń domowych, jakich użycie najbardziej dawało by mi się we znaki, gdyby z powodu jakiegoś kataklizmu przerwany został dopływ elektryczności z sieci do mojego mieszkania. Niestety, w chwili kiedy zaczynałem swoje działania w internecie NIE mogłem znaleźć wymaganej informacji "co" i "jak" powinienem zaprojektować lub policzyć. Nie posiadałem też jeszcze bazującej na uprzednich doświadczeniach własnej procedury projektowania i obliczeń, wyrażonej potem algorytmami z punktu #B4 tej strony. Dlatego jedynie na bazie swej wiedzy teoretycznej zmuszony byłem najpierw zaprojektować, a potem pozestawiać sobie z zakupionych podzespołów taki przenośny system "anty-kataklizmowy", realizując w tym celu kilka poniższych kroków. Oto one:A. Wytypowanie najbardziej mi potrzebnych urządzeń elektrycznych z mojego mieszkania, jakie chciałbym aby ciągle działały w przypadku kiedy nadejdzie jakiś kataklizm. U mnie do urządzeń tych należą: (a) dobre oświetlenie głównego pokoju w którym spędzamy najwięcej czasu (np. jego oświetlenie dwoma 35 Watowymi tubami jarzeniowymi), (b) komputer, (c) telewizor; z możliwością iż te czasami podmienię na najróżniejsze inne nisko-watowe urządenia domowe, przykładowo na (d) maszynkę do golenia, (e) radio, (f) drugą identyczną lampę jarzeniową, oraz kilka innych.
B. Policzenie sumarycznej mocy elektrycznej konsumowanej przez wszystkie urządzenia wytypowane w "A" powyżej. Przykładowo, typowa tuba jarzeniowa konsumuje 35 Watt. Mój płaskoekranowy telewizor ma konsumować 65 Watt. Komputer typu "laptop" ma napisane w specyfikacji, że konsumuje 60 Watt (potem empirycznie odkryłem, że konsumuje aż dwa razy tyle). Owe konsumpcje mocy ja poodczytywałem z tabliczek parametrów pracy jakie typowo są przybijane do każdego urządzenia domowego, a także ze specyfikacji jakie dla owych urządzen publikują ich producenci na swoich stronach internetowych i drukach reklamowych. Po ich ustaleniu, dodałem do siebie te konsumpcje i otrzymałem całkowitą moc P=195 Watt - jaka reprezentowała minimalną moc która mogłaby mi być najbardziej potrzebna na wypadek kataklizmu. Aby jednak mieć jakąś margines bezpieczeństwa i rezerwę mocy na straty i na dodawanie oraz podmienianie innych urządzeń domowych małej mocy, oszacowałem sobie, że moc tę powinienem zwiększyć do bezpiecznej wysokości około 240 Watt.
C. Podliczenie ilości energii elektrycznej jaką będą konsumowały wytypowane przeze mnie urządzenia. Mając moc konsumowaną przez wytypowane uprzednio urządzenia, mogłem teraz podsumować ilość energii elektrycznej jaką mój system powinien generować. W tym celu najpierw oszacowałem średnią ilość godzin przez jakie typowo będę używał codziennie owe wytypowane uprzednio urządzenia. Przykładowo, ja wszystkie swe urządzenia średnio używam nieustannie przez około 5 godzin dziennie. To zaś oznacza, że aby zapewnić im nieprzerwaną pracę przez owe 5 godzin, móg system do generowanie słonecznej elektryczności musi generować około 1.2 kWh (tj. musi generować 240 Watt razy 5 godzin).
D. Podliczenie mocy zakupywanego panelu słonecznego. Aby wyliczyć jaka powinna być moc panelu słonecznego jaki zakupię, najpierw oszacowałem średnią ilość godzin przez jakie panel ten będzie generował elektryczność w miejscu mojego zamieszkania. Dla mojej miejscości Petone ilość ta wynosi średnio około 10 godzin na dzień. Znając zaś swoje zapotrzebowanie na energię (w moim przypadku wynoszące 1.2 kWh), daje się wyliczyć, że potrzebny jest mi panel słoneczny o mocy co najmniej 120 Watt - ponieważ taki panel w 10-cio godzinnym świetle dziennym będzie w stanie wygenerować mi właśnie co najmniej owe wymagane 1.2 kWh energii elektrycznej. Tak nawiasem mówiąc, to ów panel 120 Wattowy jest najmniejszym dla którego użycia wogóle warto inwestować swoją energię, czas i pieniądze.
* * *
Odnotuj, że później odkryłem, iż w powyższych
obliczeniach popełniłem kilka błędów, np. zakładając
że zużycie elektryczności przez każde z urządzeń
domowych będzie równe temu podanemu w ich
specyfikacji. (Ponieważ jednak dodałem sobie ów
margines bezpieczeństwa oszacowując pełne zużycie
mocy na 240 Watt, błędy te NIE wpłynęły negatywnie
na jakość końcowego produktu moich wysiłków.)
Potem bowiem się okazało, że dla mojego komputera
podano moc o połowę mniejszą niż jego faktyczna
konsumpcja elektryczności, a także że inverter i balast
w lampach jarzeniowych potrafi spowodować straty
mocy dochodzące nawet do 25% wartości nominalnej.
Dlatego powyższą prostą procedurę obliczeniową radziłbym
używać tylko we wstępnym rozeznawaniu sytuacji,
podczas gdy do projektowania własnego systemu
radziłbym używać jednak bardziej praktycznie zorientowanych
procedur wyrażonych moimi "algorytmami" z punktów
#B4.1 i #B4.2 tej strony. Tamte bowiem algorytmy posiadają
naniesione już na siebie poprawki i udoskonalenia jakie
wynikają z moich późniejszych doświadczeń praktycznych
z przebiegu testowania i użytkowania systemu jaki
zbudowałem.
Part #E: My expenditure on major components of the anti-cataclysmic solar system:
#E1. How much individual components cost me:
After the discovery of the shop which sells solar panels, after analyzing prices and the parameters of devices which this store offered, and after the determining that I should purchase a solar panel for an output of 120 Watt, I made the purchases of required devices with parameters that previously I calculated myself, that after the assembling them into a solar system they will work together in relatively compatibile manner. I tried to make the purchase on the same day and in sunny weather, so I immediately could initially test the correct operation of all purchased components (although I needed to wait for bringing the battery to the shop). Here is a table that lists my cost of these purchases:Table #E1. Here is a compendium of my purchase costs for whatever was the most necessary in order to be able to generate electricity from solar energy:
Notice that exact parameters of work for each device described in this table, together with the justification why I purchased the device for these particular parameters, I gave in "part #G" of this web page. Notice also that in NZ the price of electronic devices are among the highest in the world. Thus, in many countries, including Europe and even Poland, the same devices can be purchased for about one-third of the sum which I was forced to spend in NZ for their purchase - e.g. check the Polish web site allegro.pl.
|
Date of purchase:
|
Name of device:
|
Type of device:
|
Kay parameters of the device:
|
Name of shop (invoice no):
|
The price in NZ $:
|
| 2012/09/26 | Inverter | HI-600 | 600W/1200W, 12VDC/240VAC | Warehouse Petone (DK:44883/41-482-354) | $65.62 (tj. 50% z $149.99, minus 12% z $74.99) |
| 2014/10/16 | Solar panel | ZM-9134 | 120W, 12V | JayCar L.Hutt (1014202) | 575 |
| 2014/10/16 | Multimeter | QM1323 | 600V, 10A | JayCar L.Hutt (2011170) | 47.90 |
| 2014/10/16 | Fluorescent Fitting | LF8350 | 2x35W, 240V | LightingPlus L.Hutt (RC:032471) | 89.20 (tj. $119 minus 25%) |
| 2014/10/20 | Battery | SB1695 | 100Ah, 12V | JayCar L.Hutt (2011338) | 475 |
| 2014/12/26 | Inverter (that one failed already on 2015/3/22) | HI-600 (see item #G2 below) | 600W/1200W, 12VDC/240VAC | Warehouse Petone (DK:80257 SP, GST #41-482-354) | $65.62 (i.e. 50% from $149.99, minus 12% from $74.99) |
|
In total:
6 devices |
Everything "Made in China"
|
Each of a different producer
|
Almost everything for 12V
|
All purchases NOT far from my flat
|
The sum of my costs: NZ $ 1252.72 + 65.62 = 1318.34
|
Notice, that for the exchange rates that prevailed in the time when I carried out the above purchases, all the above devices cost me in total the New Zealand equivalent for around 1100 USA dollars.
Part #F: The expected time of return of my investment in solar energy:
#F1. In spite of that as an university professor I lectured also subjects of electrical engineering, on the basis of my electricity bills or readings from my meter I am NOT able to determine how much I pay for 1 kWh of electricity and how much electricity I really consume:
Motto: "In the murky water it is easier to catch fish "(an old Polish proverb).
Na przekór mojego usilnie oszczędnego zużycia energii elektrycznej, w chwili obecnej rachunki jakie do mnie przychodzą za elektryczność nawet latem rzadko są niższe niż NZ$ 100 miesięcznie. Niestety, ile kWh owej elektryczności konsumuję miesięcznie, tego narazie NIE potrafię ustalić, bowiem mój dostawca elektryczności wprowadził na swe rachunki jakieś tajemnicze i tylko sobie znane "units", zamiast używać na swych rachunkach powszechnie znane międzynarodowe jednostki ilości energii elektrycznej (np. zamiast używać kWh). To oczywiście daje wiele do myślenia. Wszakże decydentów firmy, która sprzedaje elektryczność sporej proporcji mieszkańców całego kraju, w której zarobki decydentów należą do grupy najwyższych w kraju, oraz której firmowi prawnicy zapewne analizują legalność każdego słowa wydrukowanego na ich rachunkach, NIE wolno posądzać, iż tylko przez przypadek drukują na swych rachunkach słowo "units" zamiast np. symbolu "kWh". Jeśli zaś celowo zastępują oni międzynarodowo uznawane jednostki ilości energii elektrycznej o których każdy Nowozelandczyk uczy się w szkole, przez jakieś nieznane jednostki które sami wprowadzili, zapewne mają w tym jakiś istotny cel. Pytanie więc jakie się tu narzuca, to co jest ich celem i czy cel ten NIE sprowadza się przypadkiem do potrzeby ukrycia czegoś przed konsumentami?Oczywiście, ja będę dalej pracował nad ustaleniem wielkości swojej faktycznej konsumpcji elektryczności - nawet zakupiłem sobie w tym celu dobry miernik elektryczny. Uzyskane dane ujawnię tu więc w przyszłości.
Intrygujący jest fakt, że pomiaru owych "units" obecnie dokonuje u mnie jakiś skomplikowany licznik elektroniczny, który też NIE informuje wyraźnie jaka jest aktualna konsumpcja elektryczności jaką on zarejestrował. Zamiast też jednej wartości, wyświetla on aż kilka zupełnie odmiennych wskazań - chociaż działając zgodnie ze staropolskim powiedzeniem "w mętnej wodzie łatwiej łowić ryby", kartel elektryczny NIE dostarczył wraz z nim instrukcji jaka wyjaśniałaby co owe wskazania faktycznie oznaczają. Na dodatek, licznik ten jest podłączony rodzajem jakby telefonu komórkowego bezpośrednio do komputera firmy która sprzedaje mi elektryczność. Pytanie więc jakie czasami mi przychodzi do głowy, to czy komputer owej firmy jest w stanie zmieniać wartość owych "units" - np. powodując, że w miarę jak czas upływa, owe "units" mają wartość niższą niż uprzednio, co pozwalałoby firmie m.in. zwiększać swe zyski bez oficjalnego zwiększania cen elektryczności, albo np. czy komputer ten może tymczasowo zmienić wartość owych "units" gdyby ktoś oficjalnie usiłował sprawdzić działania tej firmy.
#F2.
How looks-like in practice the cost-effectiveness of my investment in solar energy:
While being extremely busy person, before
buying my solar system I did not take a my
electricity bills under a magnifying glass, nor
I look at them too closely. I knew only that these
bills are very high - given that NZ is a country
that has a free electricity from hydropower plants
built many years ago and already fully repaid
from taxes of citizens. After all, the shockingly
high amount of those bills imposes itself to me
when I am paying them up.
Without knowing how much is my actual consumption of electricity, of course, when buying my solar system I was also NOT able to estimate what proportion of my energy consumption I am to cover with solar energy. On the basis of operation parameters of household appliances that I use, I was expecting optimisticly that if I satisfy with solar energy the power consumption by lights, TV, and computer from the main room of my flat, then probably this will cover about one third of my entire electricity consumption. This in turn would mean that my investment in the solar system from the first stage of its development, theoretically speaking could return itself already after about 3 years.
Only after purchasing and installing my solar system I started to analyze my bills for electrical energy. First thing, which in doing this analysis hit my eyes, was that those people who designed the electricity bills that I am getting, make the formulation of these bills so complicated, that they achieved with them 2 hidden goals, namely: (1) to economically suppress the possible competition, means that these persons, who like myself, attempt to reduce their household electricity bills by generating their own electricity, are prevented from a realistic decrease of their fees, and (2) to confound the people reading these bills to the extent, that they do NOT know how much they pay and for what they pay.
The first hidden goal (i.e. the economic suppression of the possible competition) the supplier of electricity to my flat accomplishes e.g. by splitting into two components (plus tax) the total amount that I must pay for the electricity consumed. The first of these components is a fixed fee supposedly for the use of "electricity transmitting lines" (these lines were also built a long time ago and have already been repaid by the taxpayers money). In the case of my flat this fee amount to 33.33 cents per day. I have to pay it regardless of how high or low is my consumption of electricity - i.e. I need to pay it even during the months of my holidays, when my actual consumption of electricity is zero. The fee for electricity consumed is only the second component of these bills. In January 2015 it amounted to 25.89 cents per "unit" of electricity - while how big is this "unit" and how it relates in relation to the international unit "kWh" about this now seem to decide my electricity supplier (a potential for a possible manipulation on the size of this "unit" is explained comprehensively in item #F1 from this web page). Of course, the final component of the price for my electricity bills is the tax in NZ called GST (i.e. the New Zealand equivalent of VAT) - the matter of immorality of which tax is explained more comprehensively in item #T2 from my web page named humanity.htm. As a result of such breakdown of the bill into two components plus GST, is that virtually in every 30-day month I still have to pay for electricity at least NZ$ 10 plus around NZ$ 1.30 GST - even if in a given month I do NOT consume any electricity. (There are also additional payments to these already provided here for electricity bills, paying of which however can be avoided. For example, if I pay my bills through the post office, what I purposely avoid, then I would have to also add and pay a small "agency fee". Also, if I delayed paying my bill beyond the payment date indicated on the bill, usually distant from 2 weeks to 20 days from the date of invoice, which delay I also deliberately try to avoid, then additionally I would have to pay 10% more than the amount indicated below.)
In turn the second hidden goal of my electricity provider (i.e. the deliberate confusing - so that consumers do NOT know how much and for what they pay) is obtained, among others, through a whole range of confusing moves. The first of these moves, which immediately strikes the eye on the received bills for electricity, is the extremely confusing formulation of these bills - for example I suggest the reader to look at the explained in this "part #F" information on electricity bills that I get on a monthly basis, and try on their basis to estimate how much is my actual consumption of electricity and my actual cost of electricity for each of the months. An important component of the consumer confusing is also the already explained in item #F1 above the replacement of international units of electricity consumption, for example. "kWh", by own units of the supplier of electricity - on bills called the "unit" (about which in fact is NOT possible to know how much electricity they really express in comparison to e.g. the "kWh").
Below I am providing extracts from my electricity bills from times before and after buying my solar system, which should provide the reader with an insight into the economy of my investment in solar energy. In each row of these extracts is described another monthly fee for electricity which I have paid up, while my description of which fee includes: (1) the date of issuing me the given electricity bill, (3) = the amount of my final payment included in that bill and provided in NZ$ (note that during the period covered by data provided on this web page the value of one dollar NZ oscillated on both sides of 0.8 dollar USA - thus e.g. the amount of 1000 NZ dollars in average reprersents an equivalent to around 800 USA dollars), (3) in brackets (the number of "units" of electricity (note that in the period covered by this data given the value of one dollar NZ oscillated on both sides 0.8 US dollar - thus eg. $ 1,000 is equivalent to an average of NZ about $ 800 US)for consuming of which in a given month that the bill amounts, plus the prices of these "units" of electricity expressed in "NZ cents" per "unit"), and (4) = the sum my expenditure on electricity counted (added) from the beginning of a given year. Note that in the rows below I do NOT provide that fixed monthly fee of about NZ$ 10 + GST for the "transmission lines", that I would have to repeat in each row, as which is almost the same every month. From time to time below I am also inserting rows beginning with the three characters ===, in which I am explaining descriptively certain events that have to do with charges in my electricity bills - e.g. events causing a change (usually an increase of the price) of charges for the electricity.
===The old unpaid bills for electricity from the previous owner of the flat that we purchased, which (the bills) we had to pay:
2012/1/24 (Jan 2012) = $85.77 (i.e. 332 @ 21.97 c/unit) = $85.77
2012/2/23 (Feb 2012) = $85.16 (i.e. 329 @ 21.97 c/unit) = $170.93
===27th February 2012 = receiving the keys to our newly-purchased apartment in which already existed an old electric meter which was calibrated in "kWh".
=== over 5% increase in electricity prices - in spite that this electricity is generated in hydroelectric power stations built a long time ago and already paid up by taxpayers
2012/3/23 (Mar 2012) = $56.20 (i.e. 200 @ 23.15 c/unit) = $227.13
2012/4/23 (Apr 2012) = $80.15 (i.e. 287 @ 23.15 c/unit) = the estimated bill (ie. NOT based on actual meter readings) caused by the immoral increases of profit by the company that sells electricity through the redundancy of workers who previously used to read the electricity meters = $307.28
2012/5/22 (May 2012) = $100.94 (i.e. 381 @ 23.15 c/unit) = $408.22
2012/6/20 (Jun 2012) = $89.17 (i.e. 329 @ 23.15 c/unit) = the estimated bill (ie. NOT based on meter readings) = $497.39
2012/7/20 (Jul 2012) = $172.31 (i.e. 676 @ 23.15 c/unit) = $669.70
=== our departure and stay on vacation from August 5 to 12 September 2012 (at that time we actually used the zero electricity, but bills still kept arriving)
2012/8/20 (Aug 2012) = $150.05 (i.e. 519 @ 23.15 c/unit) = the estimated bill (ie. NOT based on meter readings) = $819.75
2012/9/24 (Sep 2012) = $+31.12cr (i.e. -163 @ 23.15 c/unit) = credit (the reading of meter showed previous overpayment)
2012/10/20 (Oct 2012) = $60.47 (i.e. 181 @ 23.15 c/unit) = the estimated bill (ie. NOT based on meter readings) = $880.22
2012/11/21 (Nov 2012) = $127.78 (i.e. 493 @ 23.15 c/unit) = $1008
2012/12/20 (Dec 2012) = $91.10 (i.e. 337 @ 23.15 c/unit) = $1099.10
===The total costs of my electricity for the entire year 2012 = $1099.10
2013/1/25 (Jan 2013) = $73.41 (256 @ 23.15 c/unit) = $73.41
2013/2/25 (Feb 2013) = $81.01 (i.e. 292 @ 23.15 c/unit) = the estimated bill (ie. NOT based on meter readings) = $154.42
2013/3/22 (Mar 2013) = $51.41 (180 @ 23.15 c/unit) = $205.83
=== ponad 4% wzrost ceny elektryczności
2013/4/26 (Apr 2013) = $120.75 (i.e. 157 @ 23.15 + 285 @ 24.09 c/unit) = the estimated bill (ie. NOT based on meter readings) = $326.58
2013/5/24 (May 2013) = $114.38 (i.e. 420 @ 24.09 c/unit) = the estimated bill (ie. NOT based on meter readings) = $440.96
2013/6/24 (Jun 2013) = $19.29 (i.e. 40 @ 24.09 c/unit) = $460.25
===The change of our electricity meter by the grid company into a new one which is already calibrated in "units" (instead of in "kWh") and all the features of which the grid company can control remotely
2013/7/23 (Jul 2013) = $123.23 (i.e. 450 @ 24.09 c/unit) = $583.48
2013/8/22 (Aug 2013) = $104.85 (i.e. 379 @ 24.09 c/unit) = $688.33
2013/9/20 (Sep 2013) = $90.05 (i.e. 321 @ 24.09 c/unit) = $778.38
2013/10/23 (Oct 2013) = $85.44 (297 @ 24.09 c/unit) = $863.82
2013/11/22 (Nov 2013) = $76.18 (264 @ 24.09 c/unit) = $940
2013/12/20 (Dec 2013) = $68.75 (i.e. 237 @ 24.09 c/unit) = $1008.75
===The total costs of my electricity for the entire year 2013 = $1008.75
2014/1/23 (Jan 2014) = $83.29 (i.e. 287 @ 24.09 c/unit) = $83.29
2014/2/25 (Feb 2014) = $82.95 (i.e. 287 @ 24.09 c/unit) = $166.24
2014/3/25 (Mar 2014) = $76.23 (i.e. 267 @ 24.09 c/unit) = $242.47
===around 7.5% increase of electricity price
===Our departure from the flat and stay on vacation as from April 22, 2014 toJune 7, 2014 (hence the 6-week total lack of consumption of electricity by us, but our bills still were arriving in spite that the meter supposedly was read remotely)
2014/4/28 (Apr 2014) = $84.95 (i.e. 115 @ 24.09 c/unit + 141 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $327.42
2014/5/26 (May 2014) = $102.35 (i.e. 300 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $429.77
2014/6/24 (Jun 2014) = $0 (i.e. -118 @ 25.89 c/unit) = recognition of my overpaying
2014/7/23 (Jul 2014) = $131.69 (i.e. 409 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $561.46
2014/8/22 (Aug 2014) = $125.31 (i.e. 429 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $686.77
2014/9/22 (Sept 2014) = $106.21 (i.e. 359 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $792.98
2014/10/23 (Oct 2014) = $98.20 (i.e. 324 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $891.18
=== 31st October 2014 - the launch of my daily use of solar energy
2014/11/21 (Nov 2014) = $73.24 (i.e. 236 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $964.42
2014/12/22 (Dec 2014) = $63.78 (i.e. 202 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $1028.20
===The total costs of my electricity for the entire year 2014 = $1028.20
2015/1/22 (Jan 2015) = $76.04 (i.e. 240 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $76.04
2015/2/23 (Feb 2015) = $67.43 (i.e. 213 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $143.47
2015/3/23 (Mar 2015) = $62.07 (i.e. 193 @ 25.89 c/unit) = $205.54
2015/4/23 (April 2015) = $71.36 (i.e. 75 @ 25.89 c/unit (for 10 days) + 157 @ 24.97 c/unit (for further 21 days)) = $276.90
2015/5/22 (May 2015) = $70.74 (i.e. 235 @ 24.97 c/unit) = $347.64
From a rough analysis of the above data it stems, that the actual decrease of my electricity costs after the purchase and after starting to use my solar system described here, is only about NZ$ 10 a month (or about NZ$ 120 per year). In practice, therefore, the costs of buying my system will pay themselves back only after about 10 years of the continuous use, and maybe even later. Nevertheless, frankly speaking, to have this system in New Zealand continually oppressed with cataclysms, gives me so high sense of calm and security caused by the availability of my own electricity in the event that a cataclysm destroys the local electricity grid, that even if I knew in advance about such a low economy of my investment in solar electricity, still I would do this investment just to have the current sense of calm and security (and also to make my own contribution to the reduction of ecological damages caused by the industrial generation of electricity that I consume). Of course, if before buying the solar system I have looked more closely at my electricity bills, then I also could have predicted that the decrease of prices for electricity due to the use of a 120 Watt solar panel would be just about NZ$ 10 a month. After all, this panel generates me every day around 1.3 kWh of electricity (which I am systematically consuming for the work of my computer and TV), which multiplied by the number of days in a month, and by our price of electricity for one "unit" (on the assumption that one "unit" is relatively close to one "kWh"), it also gives just a figure of around NZ$ 10 a month.
The above practical assessment of the economics of my investment means also that if for me it has to take up to at least 10 years of constant use my solar system before my investing in it will be returned - although each "unit" of electricity that my solar system generates is worth the full price from our grid electricity supplier, then the investment will never return itself to those people who for economic reasons invested in a "battery-deprived" solar system - for which each "unit" is worth about three times less than for me. After all, we must remember that after more than 10 years the efficiency of solar panels drops sharply below the verge of profitability, and that the operation of so old high voltage ("battery-deprived") solar systems become unreliable and dangerous - as I try to turn the reader's attention to these facts in items #F3 and #B5 and in the caption under "Fig. #B1" from this web page. In other words, in present times and in the current anti-progressive in anti-ecological legal climate the investment in solar energy has only sense, if it is done in order to protect ourselves against the consequences of natural disasters, and only if we invest in the "battery-based" solar system which, if necessary, also works at night. In turn those people, who let convince themselves by the lying propaganda regarding the solar energy, practically give away their investments to the grid companies which sell electricity, thus donating from their own pockets towards astronomical earnings of directors of these companies - as revealed in items #F1 and #F3 of this web page, while support with facts the articles [1#F3] and [2# F3] from item #F3 below.
#F3.
How greed of a few people is blocking the good of all humanity -
means reasons for today's unprofitablity of resale to the grid of
the electricity generated at home from solar energy:
Motto: "If in any way you make yourself dependent on someone who has a power over you, then surely at some stage that someone starts to benefit from your dependency and over the time begins to exploit you increasingly stronger. The most recent example of just such a situation is today's exploitation of individual suppliers of solar electricity by cartels of grid electricity."
One of the "advertising gimmicks" used by companies of lucrative installation of devices for the generation of electricity from solar energy, is that having these solar systems is the "investment" that will pay back for itself quickly because the excess of generated electricity allows the reselling to the grid. What, however, in these "advertising gimmicks" these companies do not communicate, is that by investing in the re-selling of generated electricity to a grid cartel, such individual re-seller makes himself dependent on this cartel and voluntarily surrenders his investment to the power and the interests of that cartel. (On the other hand, the electric cartels are only created to be able to take care of wallets of their directors and owners - i.e. the sole purpose for their creation is "exploitation". In fact I never heard of a cartel or a monopoly, which completely voluntarily, means without any form of external pressure, would really care about morality, people's welfare, situation of the planet, the future of humanity, the financial situation of individual suppliers of raw resources which they use, in this case - the individual suppliers of electricity generated from solar energy, etc., etc. (although I know a company, which so-far voluntarily cares about all these values - it is the network of supermarkets in NZ called "Warehouse", which I am mentoning several times on this web page). After all, such a cartel or a monopoly would be like a producer of cigarettes who tries to promote non-smoking, or like a brewery which encourages alcohol abstinence.) In addition, these "advertising gimmicks" of companies that install solar systems do NOT reveal also, that amongst many possible solutions of solar systems, the solutions that they install in collusion with these grid cartels, are "battery-deprived" immoral systems - intentionally so designed that they make people who invested in them dependent in the strongest possible way from decisions of grid cartels. In other words, today's solar systems built by companies specializing in their installing are intentionally designed and implemented in such a way, that they allow grid cartels to exploit individual suppliers of solar electricity, and thus they secretly obstruct the spread of devices for solar energy and also discreetly discourage the public against a wide introduction of household systems for generation of electricity from solar energy. The result of this artificially created immoral situation, is that those people who are fooled by this "advertising gimmick" and actually order from these companies expensive systems for the generation of electricity from solar energy, later get completely disappointed and bitterly regret making such investments. Of course, they do NOT hide that their disappointed and regret from their friends and conversation partners, passing in this way their disappointment and discouragement to the rest of society. As a result, in the society is constantly growing the dissolution with solar energy which is highly beneficial for interests of the grid cartels. Let us now list the most vital factors, mechanisms and reasons that ultimately lead to the intensification of such social feelings of disappointment and discouragement towards solar energy. Here they are:1. Electrical cartels extremely reluctant to buy back electricity, paying for it literally pennies. After all, calims of these cartels, that they have difficulty in satisfying the demand for electricity, is only another kind of gimmick or excuse used to justify increases in electricity prices. In fact, electric cartels always have enough electricity, but only lack them of customers who are prepared to buy this electricity for the price these cartels wish. Thus, electricity is purchased from owners of solar energy systems very reluctantly and only in order to NOT break the laws that in this matter almost every present country sets, as well as to keep alive various myths, eg. that there are energy shortages, that electricity companies care about the nature and the environment by generating solar power, etc., etc. Also because of this reluctance to purchase electricity, the purchase prices are ridiculous. For example, in the article [1#F3] entitled "Greens want umpire to set power buy-back rates", from page A2 of New Zealand newspaper The Dominion Post (issue on Monday, November 3, 2014) is explained that the NZ company named "Contact Energy" pays only 8 cents per each kilo-Watt-hour of electricity that it repurchases from the owners of solar energy systems, and that this price has been recently changed from previously paid 17 cents per kWh - which fact exposes many people who have invested in solar panels to the losses. (A similar information is provided in the article [2#F3] entitled "Meridian cuts solar 'subsidy' ", from page B5 of New Zealand newspaper The Dominion Post (issue on Thursday, November 6, 2014) - pnly that this time the cut of price was carried out by the company named "Meridian", while its price was cut from the previous 25 cents per "unit" of electricity to present 7 cents in summer and 10 cents in winter for the same "unit".) On the other hand, on my electricity bills from the month of August 2014 appears the price of 25.89 cents for each "unit" of electricity that I have consumed, plus additional 33.33 cents for every day when I am a customer of this vendor. So, if such "1 unit = 1 kWh" (about which I am NOT sure - see item #F1 from this web page), then electricity is sold to me at a price of around 4 times higher than I would be paid if I sell the same electricity. But if these "units" are smaller, i.e. when "1 unit < 1 kWh" - then the price is even more than 4 times higher. In other words, for someone's investment in solar energy could be returned due to reselling electricity to the grid, then this someone would have to wait for the return almost 4 times more years than if one intends to accomplish this return of the investment by reducing the size of own bill which one pays for electricity sale to his or her home. Eg. in my case, if I resell to the grid the electricity that I generate, rather than consume it myself, then instead of the expected return of my investment in about three years, because of so low resale price I would have to wait for at least 12 years for the return of my investment. But because the practice seems to reveal that after about 8 to 10 years of performance of solar panels could fall dawn by around 60% of their initial performance (for details see subitem 3 below in this item of the web page), actually when the grid managers are paying back only 8 cents per kilo-Watt-hour of electricity, the investment in solar energy may never be returned in NZ - turning into bankrupts those New Zealanders who invested in it.
2. Solar systems built for the resale of electricity are completely different, more dangerous, and more expensive, than the systems for own household use. After all, to sell electricity, such systems must synchronize sine waves of the electricity generated by them with sine waves of electricity in the grid. This practically means, that used in them is eg. a special kind of "inverter" called the "string inverter". These systems must also have special counters of sold electricity and additional safety devices - and paying for all of this is their owner. Furthermore, due to their principle of work, their solar panels are connected in series so as to generate a high voltage direct current of 600 Volt - which voltage is dangerous, because the risk of electric shock and sometimes fire. This connection of solar panels into a series also means that these systems built to resell energy are unable to provide electricity to the house during the night, because they do NOT have a battery - for their description see item #B5 from this web page. So at night, the owner has to buy back electricity from the grid. Thus, in order to NOT get into a debt because of the difference in between the sale price and the purchase price of electricity, during days they must generate several times more electricity (eg. In NZ - at least 4 times more) than the owner consumes during nights - which practically means the need to buy and to install in the household of the owner at least several times more photovoltaic solar panels than the owenr actually need. Etc., etc.
3. Solar systems built for reselling electricity impose a number of additional technical requirements - compared to those systems described on this website for our own use at home. For example, due to settling of dust and dirt, solar panels need to be washed from time to time. However, since these panels of the system for resale of electricity work on voltages dangerous to humans, this annual cleaning of them may NOT be made by the owner, but must be made by expensive service companies which specialize in such cleaning and have the required equipment. Also, after about 8 to 10 years, the electrical efficiency of photovoltaic cells decreases drastically. I have heard the opinion that this decrease can practically reach up to 60% of their initial efficiency (officially is claimed that the decrese does NOT exceed 10%). The efficiency of these cells also drops significantly when there is a cold weather. So if the owner has just a single or two such solar panels to meet only his or her own home energy consumption, then when their performance falls, and the investment is already repaid, their owner can buy new solar panels. If, however, there is dozens of them on the roof, and they are installed by a highly specialised company, then their replacement by new may be uneconomic or even impossible.
4. Solar systems built for reselling of electricity impose many additional bureaucratic requirements when compared to those described on this web page for our own home use. Please imagine how many formalities such a system to re-sell the energy will require to complete in order to obtain the required permits, approvals, signed supply contracts, pass various inspections, etc., etc.
5. The solar system built for the resale of electricity to the grid cannot be build by ourself on a hobby principle. For such a system to resell the electricity is fortified with a lot of additional technical and legal requirements, which can only be achieved ny a company specializing in the design and installation of it. In turn the inability to build ourself such a system, means that it is disproportionately more expensive. (According to my experience, the system for our own use, such as described herein, costs less than a tenth of the system for the re-sale with a similar delivery of electric power to home, and the recovery of sums invested in it will be during a period of at least 4 times shorter.)
6. By building a solar system deprived of battery, one supports and reinforces the harmful to the humanity and to the natural environment immoral activities of today's power plants and electrical grids - instead of eliminating and combating these activities. For the fact, what moral significance can have their activities, best certfies the news item provided in the evening television news from TVNZ1 and Prime channels on Monday, 3 November 2014. It stated that just in the last year 2013 the earnings of the director of a company producing electricity increased by 70% up to the value of NZ$ 1 million and 800 thousands. This comes at a time when electricity prices in NZ are among the highest in the world. So it is worth to ask the question how many old people from NZ must freeze and eat cold food during the winter, because their few pennies are forced to treat that directors with such salaries and increases. In addition, solar systems deprived of batteries cause the dependence of their owners from power plants and grids, and exposes them to being exploited - after all, it is NOT publicly known what kinds of informal relationships and agreements exist between companies which install such deprived of batteries solar systems and the power plants or grid electricity supplying networks.
7. By building a battery deprived solar system one supports the "immorality". After all, in the light of findings of the philsophy of totalizm, every decision to build solar systems which do NOT embedd any devices capable of storing energy (e.g. do NOT contain a battery, a system of capacitors, the oscillatory chamber, etc.), is an "immoral" decision - as I have already emphasized it in item #B5 from this web page. In fact, the decision to build solar systems deprived of batteries is confirmed as "immoral" by virtually all the so-called "indicators of moral correctness" referenced in item #J2 from the web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm. For example, it reduces the "moral energy" of users of these systems, because it makes them dependent on electric grid administrators. It does not run uphill in the "moral field", because it is NOT associated with overcoming any technical difficulties, e.g. those stemming from the need to use, improve, invent, or test batteries or other methods of storing electricity. It violates also the "moral laws", because it exposes the users of solar systems to being exploited by the owners of electrical grid. Etc., etc. The immorality of this decision is also confirmed by the principle of contradiction between the short-term and the long-term consequences of work of the "moral field", explained, among others, in item #J1 of that web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm and in item #C4.2.1 from the web page named morals.htm. After all, the "moral field" works in such a way that in the short- term the building of "battery deprived" solar systems is easy, hassle-free, pleasant and providing instant benefits. However, in the long-term work, the same "moral field" causes that these "battery deprived" solar systems turn out to be uncomfortable, difficult, embarrassing, distressing, uneconomical, etc. In turn such attributes of consequences of any decision always are the confirmation of the immorality of that decision – as described in item #C4.1 from the web page named morals.htm. Thus, the present decisions to implement these "battery deprived" solar systems, in the future will only escalate problems of their owners and all the humanity, rather than solve these problems, similarly like already for a long time escalate problems, instead of solving them, all other immoral decisions, numerous examples of which I am describing on my web pages - for example like the similarly immoral decisions of introducing to the general use, e.g. penicillin, pesticides, or the theory of relativity (the immoral decisions of which introduction are described in more details in item #J1 from the web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm), or like the decisions of starting immoral wars through sending own armies to invade other countries and nations, which I described in item #I2 and in the caption under "Fig. #A1" from the web page bitwa_o_milicz_uk.htm. After all, the philosophy of totalizm has already established beyond any doubt that every immoral decision only escalates the problems we intended to solve with it, and just moves to the later date the necessity of finding a morally correct solution for this problem, as well as every immoral decision is later "punished" severely, amongst others, through the invalidation of all its beneficial consequences in the long-term work of moral mechanisms and "moral field".
To summarize the above, for as long as the legal, economic and moral climate described on this web page is to continue, it is completely illogical, uneconomic and immoral to invest in a solar system for any purpose other than to satisfy our own domestic energy needs. This is just for such a reason, that in my electoral program one of the highest priorities had the intention to make such changes to this climate, that the reselling of solar electricity to the grid has become a cost-effective and would force down the inflated presently prices of electricity - for more details see "2b" in item #D1 of my election web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm.
Part #G: Parameters of purchased components:
#G1. One has to be careful what is buying, because later everything has to work together:
Problem ze zbudowaniem czegoś samemu polega na zakupie takich podzespołów, jakich parametry pozwalają potem owym podzespołom właściwie współpracować ze sobą. Problem ten ma nawet swoją nazwę "kompatibilność" - po angielsku brzmiącą "compatibility". Chodzi bowiem o to, że w dzisiejszym świecie każdy produkuje podzespoły tak jak mu się podoba, zaś na barki zakupującego je użytkownika spada potem odpowiedzialność za ich właściwe współpracowanie ze sobą. Dlatego problemowi owej "compatibility" poświęcę tutaj nieco miejsca. Kluczem zaś do niej jest wzajemne dopasowanie do siebie parametrów pracy poszczególnych urządzeń.
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Fig. #G1: Here is a photograph of the actual set of devices included into my domestic and "anti-cataciyzm" system for the generation of electricity from solar energy, which I (ie. Dr Jan Pajak) am installing and testing in my flat. These devices constitute a physical and actual representation of the existing components of the solar system such as the one illustrated in the diagram from "Fig. #B1" above. Shown here is the system temporarily assembled in my garden to illustrate it to the reader. It includes the following devices visible on the above photograph starting from the left edge of the picture to the right edge, and moving along the lowest cable: (1) 120 Watt "solar panel" of 72 photovoltaic cells, (2) transparent box which is to illustrate the place where a "controller" for battery charging should be connected (actually this "controller" is built into the back of my "solar panel", hence is NOT visible on this photograph, although in my system it exists too), (3) 12 Volt "battery" of the "Gel" type with a capacity C=100 Ah and with the highest permitted current <30 Amper, (4) a "digital multimeter" (this meter represents various 12 Volt appliances that in the system discussed here can be powered directly from the battery, and thus that on the diagram from "Fig. #B1" are represented by the symbol of a "car", e.g. headlights for automobiles, 12 V motors, starters, ventilators, etc.). The device shown along the top of the cable and connected to the battery is - (5) the "inverter" of 600/1200 Watt, while to this "inverter" are connected from the top of the picture - (6) two-tube fluorescent "light" with two fluorescent bulbs of the power of 35 watts each; below the "light" is - (7) my PC "laptop" from Fujitsu, which theoretically consumes 60 Watt of electricity (practically it consumes about twice as much) - i.e. the only device shown in the above photograoph, which was NOT purchased recently, as I use it for a long time, and thus that is NOT listed in "Table #E1". The cost of purchase of these devices I listed in "Table #E1". (Click on this photo to see it enlarged.)
#G2.
My accidental coming across a discounted "inverter" on 2012/9/26:
For a number of years I had the intention to
build a solar system for the generation of electricity
from sunlight - which my intention is explained
more comprehensively in item #S1 of this web
page. Since a long time I know very well the thory
behind the generation of solar energy - after all,
in my career as an university professor I lectured
a whole range of subjects of electrical engineering.
So when on Wednesday 26 September 2012 I went
to a local store called "Warehouse" I was amazed
to notice that they sell discounted "inverters" with
operating parameters that I expected to need when
I start the construction of my solar system. So I
bought myself then one such discounted inverter,
paying for it only NZ$ 65.62, while its original price
was NZ$ 149.99 (from which it firstly was discounted
by 50%, then was given to me an additional 12%
of price discount). So I made then an excellent
purchase, as on 16 October 2014 (i.e. when I
purchased other components of my solar system),
an inverter of much lower quality already cost
several times more. Of course, the warranty on
this inverter, even if originally it was given, expired
prior to October 2014 - when I started to use it.
My inverter is of a type HI-600 (made in China) and it is constructed for the following parameters of work:
Voltage of power supply: 10-15 V DC Mbr>Voltage of power produced: 220-240 V AC
Uninterrupted power supply: 600 Watt
Power of the highest short-term power supply ("surge capability"): 1200 Watt
Amperage of static electricity flow: <250 mA
Voltage of the lowest supply: 10 V (+/- 0.5 V)
Efficiency: >90%
The inverter that I bought is full of various security features, which on the one hand protect and make it safer to use, but on the other hand somewhat limit its capabilities. I quote here a list of these security features copied from its packaging:
Wyłącza moc kiedy inverter przekroczy temperaturę 65 stopni Celsjusza
Wyłącza moc kiedy inverter jest podłączony do zasilania o napięciu wyższym niż 15 V
Wyłącza moc kiedy podłączone do niego urządzenie odbiorcze pobiera prąd wyższy niż 3.27 A
Wyłącza moc kiedy napięcie akumulatora spada poniżej 10 V
Out of these safeguards, the potential problem of "compatibility" may cause its turning off when the supply voltage exceeds 15 V. The point is that the described below in #G3 my solar panel in a good sun can generate a voltage up to 18V. So, during days of such a good sun, the protections of my inverter may cut the supply of electricity to my appliances that I connect to the inverter.
Co też niezbyt fortunne, mój inverter NIE posiada wbudowanego w siebie funkcji "miękkiego włączania" (po angielsku "soft start function") - jaki w niektórych dużych "inverter" automatycznie działa w sposób podobny jak tranzystorowy przyciemniacz do światła - tj. pozwala aby prądowe uderzenie włączania nowego urządzenia w tym systemie narastało w sposób powolny. W rezultacie, w moim inverter inicjujące uderzenie prądowe jakie ma miejsce w chwili włączania nowego urządzenia odbiorczego, szczególnie światła jarzeniowego, wyrzuca mój inverter poza zakres jego stabilności, powodując że zaczyna on samorzutnie się wyłączać i włączać z częstoścuią około 30 cykli na minutę - co opisuję dokładniej w punkcie #H2.1 tej strony przy okazji wyników testowania mojego systemu. Ta jego tendencja do wpadania w stan niestabilności dodatkowo nakłada więc niewygodne wymagania na sposób w jaki podłączam zasilane z tego inverter urządzenia domowe.
Inverter jest najbardziej skomplikowanym i najciężej pracującym podzespołem elektronicznym w całym domowym systemie słonecznym. Z tego powodu jest on też "najsłabszym ogniwem" tego systemu. Wszakże, im bardziej skomplikowane jest jakieś urządzenie elektroniczne i im ciężej ono pracuje, tym większa jest szansa, że może ono nawalić. A że może on nawalić jest dla mnie oczywiste - i to nawet na przekór, że moja codzienna konsumpcja przepływającej przez niego mocy elektrycznej nigdy NIE przekracza 150 Watt, czyli jest mniejsza niż ćwierć nominalnej mocy dla której został on fabrycznie zaprojektowany. Bez zaś invertera, cały mój system słoneczny stałby się bezużyteczny. Czyli w przypadku niespodziewanej awarii invertera jaki właśnie używam, musiałbym albo natychmiast zakupić drugi inverter po normalnej cenie w jednym z tylko dwóch sklepów NZ o jakich wiem, że mają te invertery w sprzedaży, albo też czekać aż "Warehouse" ponownie zaoferuje przecenione invertery. Normalna cena najtańszego invertera o mocy 600 Watt w prowadzonym przez Australijczyków sklepie "Jaycar" wynosi $ 185, zaś w "Warehouse" prowadzonym przez Nowozelandczyków taki 600-Watowy inverter normalnie kosztuje $ 149.99 (tj. praktycznie kosztuje $ 150, bowiem w NZ NIE używa się już jedno-centowych monet). O sklepie "Jaycar" odnotowałem też, że od czasu kiedy po zakupie w nim panelu słonecznego zacząłem go systematycznie odwiedzać, jak dotychczas NIE zaoferował on żadnej przeceny na swoje towary, nawet w tradycyjnym dniu przecenionej wyprzedaży, jakim w NZ jest tzw. "Boxing Day" - a wręcz przeciwnie, niedawno odnotowałem w nim, że cena najprostrzych 145-Watowych paneli słonecznych wzrosła w nim z uprzednich $ 399 do obecnych $ 459. Natomiast sklep "Warehouse" ma przeceny na swoje towary co najmniej dwa razy w roku, w tym systematycznie każdego roku w dniu 26 grudnia ogłasza on tradycyjną już tzw. "Boxing Day" przecenioną wyprzedaż (nastawioną na zaopatrzenie w najniezbędniejsze dobra także najbardziej ubogich Nowozelandczyków - których NIE stać na zapłacenie pełnej ceny). Z powyższych więc powodów, z góry postanowiłem, że kiedy w "Warehouse" nadejdzie owa "Boxing Day" wyprzedaż z dnia 26 grudnia 2014 roku, oraz jeśli zaoferowane w niej zostaną przecenione 600-Watowe invertery, wówczas "tak na wszelki wypadek" zakupię sobie drugi zapasowy inverter - traktując go jako najbardziej istotny podzespół zapasowy (tj. na wypadek gdyby aktualnie używany inverter z jakichś powodów uległ awarii). Faktycznie też, w dniu 26 grudnia 2014 roku "Warehouse" oferował przecenione invertery - z czego natychmiast skorzystałem kupując sobie za sumę $ 65.62 drugi zapasowy egzemplarz tego najciężej pracującego urządzenia mojego domowego systemu słonecznego (chociaż mój pierwszy inverter tej samej mocy i typu przez cały czas spisywał się doskonale). Natychmiast też po zakupie, tj. już w dniu 26 grudnia 2014 roku, ów właśnie zakupiony nowy inverter włączyłem do swego systemu słonecznego (aby mieć aktualną gwarancję na urządzenie, które właśnie pracuje), zaś swój stary inverter schowałem sobie jako zapasowy. Dobrze też iż tak uczyniłem, bo ów nowy inverter "Made in China" nawalił mi już w dniu 22 marca 2015 roku (czyli NIE pracował dla mnie nawet pełnych trzech miesięcy). Jednak zajęło mi dalszych aż 5 dni zanim odkryłem, że to on przestał już działać - po włączeniu wyglądał bowiem tak jakby pracował normalnie, tyle że grzał się jakby nieco bardziej niż poprzednio oraz nieustannie włączał się i wyłączał paląc przy tym lampkę "zbyt niskie napięcie na wejściu". Tak zaś się złożyło, że w owe 5 dni niebo było bardzo pochmurne, stąd nagłe zaprzestanie zaopatrywania mnie w elektryczność przez mój system słoneczny zwalałem na jesienne zbyt nikłe światło słoneczne jakie NIE było w stanie wygenerować mi wystarczającej ilości elektryczności dla naładowania akumulatora do wymaganego przez inverter napięcia. Dopiero kiedy po pięciu dniach zdecydowałem się wymienić inverter na ów stary zapasowy, okazało się że akumulator jest całkowicie naładowany zaś mój system słoneczny pracuje normalnie i wytwarza wymaganą moc. Owo zepsucie się invertera spowodowało, że pracując tylko niecałe 3 miesiące, zgodnie z tym co wyestymowałem w punkcie #F2 tej strony, ten inverter przyczynił się do zaoszczędzenia mi jedynie około $30 na moich opłatach za elektryczność. (W punkcie #F2 estymuję bowiem, że jeden miesiąc pracy mojego systemu słonecznego zaoszczędza mi około $10 na moich opłatach za elektryczność.) Jego zaś cena wynosiła $65.62. Czyli pod względem ekonomiczności mojej inwestycji w energię słoneczną, zakup tego invertera wyglądał jak przysłowiowe interesy "zabłockiego na mydle". Obawiam się też, że w dzisiejszym klimacie ekonomicznym oraz przy cenach dyktowanych w NZ wyłącznie przez monopole i kartele, podobnie będzie też wyglądała ekonomiczność całego systemu słonecznego - co już starałem się wyjaśnić w "części #F" tej strony. Współczuję więc tym naiwnym osobom, które dały się namówić na zakup "bezakumularowych systemów słonecznych" w celach wyłącznie inwestycyjnych. Wszystko wskazuje bowiem na to, że też na nich wyjdą jak ów "zabłocki na mydle". Na szczęście, w moim przypadku celem posiadania (u mnie już "akumulatorowego") systemu słonecznego wcale NIE jest ekonomia, a uzyskanie rodzaju poczucia bezpieczeństwa na wypadek kataklizmu jaki odciąłby dostawy elektryczności do mojego mieszkania, a także dołożenie mojej własnej cegiełki dla dobra natury i naszej planety oraz dokonanie przy tej okazji swoistego eksperymentu naukowego. (Wszakże w mojej sytuacji naukowca inicjującego powstanie zupełnie nowej "nauki totaliztycznej", niemal zawsze to ja sam płacę za eksperymenty naukowe które przeprowadzam.) Muszę tutaj też dodać, że w tym samym dniu 27 marca 2015 roku - kiedy odkryłem, że to inverter mi nawalił, wybrałem się do sklepu "Warehouse" aby reklamować jego tak szybkie zepsucie się (wszakże miałem na niego całoroczną gwarancję). "Duszę przy tym miałem na ramieniu", bowiem jako naukowiec wiem doskonale, że istnieją aż tysiące powodów dla których skomplikowane urządzenie elektroniczne może nawalić. Wiem też z przykrych doświadczeń życiowych przeszłości, że jeśli jakiś sklep lub instytucja NIE chce honorować udzielonej przez siebie gwarancji, wówczas zawsze znajdzie jakiś sposób aby odmówić naprawy czy wymiany. W sklepie jednak doznałem miłego zaskoczenia, bowiem wymienili mi mój zepsuty inverter na nowy z uśmiechem, a nawet posłali mnie do półki z inverterami abym sam sobie wybrał ten jaki mi najbardziej się podoba (chociaż dla mnie wszystkie one wyglądały jednakowo). Teraz rozumiem dlaczego ów sklep "Warehouse" jest uważany za najbardziej "fair", sprawiedliwy i "przyjazny dla użytkownika" sklep w całej Nowej Zelandii - był on także pierwszą instytucją w NZ, która zaczęła wypłacać swoim pracownikom tzw. "living wage" (tj. stawkę godzinowej zapłaty za pracę, która jest zawsze wyższa od tej jaka pozwala danej osobie na życie powyżej poziomu "ubóstwa" i stąd jaka NIE wymaga już obchodzenia się bez najistotniejszych dóbr codziennych - do dzisiaj zresztą ów "Warehouse" jest tylko jedną z kilku bardzo nielicznych instytucji w całej NZ, która ma ową "living wage", reszta instytucji jako najniższą stawkę godzinową wypłaca swym pracownikom to co rząd wyznaczył jako "najniższa stawka", co zaś faktycznie jest "zbyt mało aby wyżyć, jednak zbyt dużo aby umrzeć z głodu"). Co chcę wyrazić powyższym, to że ów sklep ogromnie mi zaimponował tym wymienieniem uprzejmie i "z uśmiechem" zepsutego urządzenia na nowe. (Tylko bowiem kilka miesięcy wcześniej podczas podróży kupiłem w innym kraju dwie drogie komputerowe pamięci wymienne, jakie potem przy próbie ich użycia obie okazały się wadliwe i niepracujące. Jednak po powróceniu z nimi do sprzedawcy jeszcze tego samego dnia, ten odmówił mi zwrotu pieniędzy, zaś druga para takich samych pamięci, na jaką mi wymienił tę pierwszą parę, też okazała się równie wadliwa - najwyraźniej ów sprzedawca żył z oszukiwania turystów. Po tamtej podróży pozostała mi więc pamiątka dwóch niepracujących drogich pamięci komputerowych, oraz nauczka życiowa, aby w podróżach unikać kupowania czegokolwiek, co nie jest mi natychmiast absolutnie niezbędne i bez czego mogę się obejść aż do powrotu do domu.) Oczywiście, natychmiast po przyniesieniu nowego invertera do domu podłączyłem go na stałe do swojego systemu słonecznego, zaś stary inverter ponownie schowałem jako zapasowy. W ten sposób nadal używam urządzenia na jakie mam sklepową gwarancję, nadal też mogę eksperymentalnie sprawdzać jak długa tym razem będzie jego żywotność.
#G3.
Parameters of my first "solar panel" purchased on 2014/10/16:
The panel of solar cells is the most important
component for generating electricity from the
energy of Sun. Penel type ZM-9134, which I
purchased on 2014/10/16, receives 25 years
the warranty. It has the following operational
parameters (these parameters are listed in
its so-called "specification"):
Maximal power: 120 Watt
Optimal voltage:18 V
Optimal outpur current: 6.67 A
Maximal system voltage: 600 V
Weght: 14 kg
Dimensions: 2 x 55 x 85 cm
An important feature of my "solar panel" is that it has permanently built-in the "battery charging controller", and has also a high-amperage (thus very expensive in NZ) cables conncecting the solar pannel to the battery. On the other hand, if I purchases separately such a controller and cables, then only the controller with parameters closest to these required (i.e. for 12/24 V voltage and for up to 40 A currents, build by the company named "Proflex") would cost me further NZ$ 309. In turn for a high-amperage cable I would probably need to pay at least NZ$ 50 for each meter of it. (As I already mentioned this in "Table #E1", in New Zealand prices of everything that is used to build houses and flats, including prices of electrical components, are among the highest in the world - if NOT the highest in the world.)
The controller incorporated in my panel is, however, also and the source of a problem. Namely, during the experiments with newly purchased panel I found that if the panel is NOT connect to the battery, then security features included into this controller do NOT let to flow the current generated by the solar panel. In the result, because of such a security feature, this solar panel cannot power directly (i,e. without the placement of a battery) any 12 volt appliance requiring electricity - which would normally be able to be operated by a solar pannel without such a controller.
#G4.
Parameters of my "battery", especially purchased on 2014/10/21
to cooperate most optimally with the previously acquired solar panel:
Akumulator jaki zakupiłem w dniu 20 października
2014 roku, jest akumulatorem specjalnie budowanym
dla pracy z panelami słonecznymi. Nie ma on elektrolitu,
a specjalny rodzaj "galarety" (po angielsku "gel"),
stąd NIE formuje przecieków i nie wymaga napraw.
Jest on typu DMD12-100 GEL (12V/100AH/10HR)
firmy "DiaMec", Made in China (w sklepach
JayCar nosi on numer katalogowy SB-1695).
Ma on wymiary "g/s/w" równe18/33/24 cm.
Waży 31.5 kg. Okres oferowanej z nim
gwarancji wynosi 1 rok. Oto jego parametry
pracy:
Pojemność elektryczna: 100 Ah (przy 12 V daje to 1.2 kWh energii)
Inicjujące natężenie (initial current): mniej niż (less than) 30 A
Cykl użycia (cycle use): 14.4 - 15.0 V
Spoczynkowe użycie (standby use): 13.5 - 13.8 V
#G5.
Parameters of my fluorescent "light" powered
by the solar energy generator described here:
Lampa jarzeniowa jaką zakupiłem, jest typu
N2099 chińskiej firmy Baton. Przy zakupie
dostałem ją z gwarancją 1 roku pracy. Zawiera
ona dwie "cienkie" zarówki jarzeniowe, każda
o mocy 35 Wat. (Te cienkie jarzeniówki NIE
wymagają "startera", chcoiaż zamiast startera
używają one inne urządzenia zwane "electronic
ballast", które też konsumują elektryczność.
Owe elektroniczne balasty odbierają tym
żarówkom zdolność do ich przyciemniania.)
Teoretycznie rzecz biorąc, moja lampa
powinna konsumować moc 70 Wat. Jednak
faktyczna moc całkowita pomierzona na
akumulatorze, a pobierana przez inverter
podczas zasilania tej lampy, wynosi:
P = I x U = 6.71 A x 12.6 V = 84.7 Watt,
czyli jest o 23% wyższa niż moc żarówek.
#G6.
Parameters of my multimeter "A12V",
used for assembling and testing the solar system in completion:
Miernik elektryczny jaki też zakupiłem w dniu
2014/10/16 jest typu QM-1323, też Made in China.
Ma on gwarancję na okres życia - tj. około 30 lat,
pod warunkiem używania zgodnego ze specyfikacją.
Jego wymiary wynoszą 138x68x37 mm, zaś waży
210 gram. Parametry jego pracy:
DC (prąd stały) voltage: 600 V
AC (prąd zmienny) voltage: 600 V
DC natężenie: 10 A,
AC natężenie: 10 A
Oporność: 40 M
Pojemność 100 mF
Ma on też wbudowane automatyczny wybór pomiędzy stałym i zmiennym napięciem. Ma też cyfrowe wyświetlenie wyniku pomiaru.
Powinienem tu dodać, że graniczne dozwolone w nim natęzenie 10 A jest niewystarczajace do pomiarów natężenia na akumulatorze obciążonym pełną mocą 600 Wat. Wszakże przy poborze takiej mocy, prąd na 12 Voltowym akumulatorze wynosiłby 50 A - co przekroczyłoby zarówno dozwolone natężenie tego akumulatora wynoszące 30 A, jak i spaliłoby bezpiecznik w moim mierniku. Jednak w chwili zakupów miernika ja NIE zamierzamałem mierzyć nim sumarycznej mocy przy pełnym obciązeniu, zaś dla pomiarów cząstkowych mocy owe 10 A uważałem za całkowicie mi wystarczające. Potem jednak empirycznie się przekonałem, że się myliłem. Mój 10 Amperowy miernik NIE pozwalał mi bowiem nawet zmierzyć mocy pobieranej indywidualnie przez mój laptop komputer.
Part #H: The assembly of purchased components into the operating solar system that generates electricity, and testing the correct operation of this system:
#H1. The temporary assembling of the system for testing its proper operation:
Wiele sklepów pozwala wymienić na inne podzespoły jakie w nich się zakupiło, pod warunkiem jednak, że wymiary tej dokona się w wyznaczonym okresie po dokonaniu zakupów. Dlatego istotnym krokiem po zakupie wymaganych podzespołów jest możliwe szybkie, choć prowizoryczne, ich zestawienie w cały działający system, oraz następne wytestowanie poprawnej pracy tego systemu. Jeśli bowiem okaże się, że któryś z głównych podzespołów NIE działa tak jak powinien, wówczas można spróbować go wymienić na lepszy w sklepie jego zakupu. Aby zaś móc dokonywać takiego testowania jeszcze w dniu zakupu nowych urządzeń słonecznych, dobrze jest jeśli ich zakupu dokona się w dniu o słonecznej pogodzie.
#H2.
The testing of temporary assembled system:
Zanim podjąłem trwałe zabudowanie swego
systemu do swego mieszkania, przez aż kilka
dni testowałem działanie tego systemu po jego
prowizorycznym zestawieniu. Oto wyniki tych testów.
#H2.1.
The testing of fluorescent light:
Moje testy wykazały, że latem w czasie dnia, kiedy
panel słoneczna jest podłączona do akumulatora,
lampa jarzeniowa z dwoma świetlówkami o
mocy 35 Watt każda, pracuje bez zarzutu.
W czasie swej pracy zużywa ona jednak
znacznie więcej mocy niż nominalny pobór
mocy jej żarówek. Moje pomiary zużycia
elektryczności przez ową lampę, dokonane
na akumulatorze, wykazały pobór 6.72 Amper
prądu przy naięciu 12.6 Volt, co daje konsumpcję
mocy przez tę lampę równą 84.672 Watt.
Faktyczna więc konsumpcja tej lampy jest
o około 23% wyższa niż wynikało by to z
nominalnej mocy jej obu żarówek.
Podczas używania moich żarówek jarzeniowych latem i nocą, kiedy panel słoneczna jest już odłączona od akumulatora, napotykam na nieco irytujący problem. Mianowicie, z powodu (jak się domyślam) "uderzenia prądowego" przy włączaniu moich jarzeniówek, mój "inverter" jest wyrzucany ze stabilności i zaczyna się włączać i wyłączać z irytującą częstotliwością około 30 błyśnięć na minutę - co opisuję też w punkcie #G2 tej strony. Stąd jarzeniówki błyskają zamiast świecić ciągle. Błyskanie tych jarzeniówek trwa aż do czasu gdy moje jarzeniówki się rozgrzeją - co w zimne dni może zając im nawet około 5 minut takiego błyskania. Aby skrócić czas ich błyskania, przedrutowałem swe lampy jarzeniowe, tak bym mógł zapalać każdą żarówkę jarzeniową z osobna. Ponadto, błyskanie to NIE pojawia się jeśli lampy jarzeniowe zaświecę jeszcze podczas dnia - tj. gdy panel słoneczna ciągle jest podłączona do akumulatora.
#H2.2.
The testing of television set:
Ja posiadam 42 calowy telewizor firmy LG -
tzw. "smart" typu 42LA6230-TB. Zgodnie
ze specyfikacją, telewizor ten konsumuje
65 Watt elektryczności. Jednak moje testy
wykazały, że z powodu zasilania go poprzez
"inverter", mój TV zużywa nieco więcej mocy.
Przykładowo, pomiary jego zużycia elektryczności,
dokonane na akumulatorze, wykazały pobór
5.5 Amper prądu przy naięciu 13.2 Volt - co
daje konsumpcję mocy przez ten TV równą
72.6 Watt. Faktyczna więc konsumpcja tego
TV w moim systemie słonecznym jest o 12%
wyższa niż wynikałoby to z jego specyfikacji.
Mój telewizor prawdopodobnie ma w sobie jakiś własną funkcję "miękkiego włączania" opisaną w punkcie #G2 tej strony. Kiedy bowiem włączam go nocą do mojego systemu energii słonecznej, NIE powoduje on wyrzucania "invertera" ze stanu stabilnej pracy - a stąd NIE powoduje on błyskania ani swego ekranu, ani też innych urządzeń - np. jarzeniówek (jeśli te były przed nim włączone). Ponieważ jednak włączanie nierozgrzanych jarzeniówek powoduje taką niestabilność systemu, praktycznie ustaliłem, że TV trzeba włączać po jarzeniówkach - kiedy cały system już się ustabilizuje.
Pisząc o swym TV powinienem tu dodać, że niezależnie od projektu na temat energii słonecznej, obecnie realizuję także projekt usprawniania użycia swego telewizora. Mianowicie, ponieważ mój telewizor należy do kategorii tzw. "smart", mogę na nim słuchać np. muzyki (czy ogladać filmy) z internetu poprzez YouTube. Niestety, telewizor ten ma jeszcze sporo wad. Przykładowo, w przypadku połączenia się z YouTube, często jest on "zawieszany" przez "pirackie" ogłoszenia reklamowe które ktoś dodaje do każdego połączenia się z youtube.com. Na dodatek, wpisywanie w nim adresów piosenek lub filmów jakie chce się wysłuchać, jest w nim ogromnie uciążliwe. Dlatego mój projekt usprawnienia użycia tego "smart" telewizora firmy LG polega na stworzeniu oprogramowania w formie strony internetowej, która eliminuje powyższe wady, bowiem pozwala na włączenie ulubionej piosenki jednym kliknięciem zdalnego pilota, oraz uniemożliwia "pirackim" reklamówkom doczepianie się do piosenki jakiej słuchamy. Jeśli więc czytelnik jest właścicielem "smart" telewizora firmy LG, wówczas może wypróbować to moje usprawnienie załadowując sobie na swój telewizor pierwszą z moich piosenkowych "playlist" opisaną i dostępną pod adresami: Instrukcje zaś jak używać owe "playlisty" dostępne są pod adresami: Owe instrukcje można też wywołać kliknięciem na zielone linki podane m.in. w nagłówku owej pierwszej "playlisty", a stwierdzające instrukcja użycia. Z kolei na końcu każdej z moich "playlist", a także na końcu "części #A" instrukcji ich użycia, podane są adresy innych podobnych moich "playlist". Powyższą "playlistę" oraz instrukcję jej użycia czytelnik może też wywołać sobie i uruchomić na swoim komputerze PC - jeśli do wywołania tego użyje wyszukiwarki o nazwie "Google Chrome".
#H2.3.
The testing of my laptop computer:
Ja posiadam komputer laptop, którego moc
podana w specyfikacji wynosi 60 Wat. Jego
zużycie energii jestem więc też w stanie
pokrywać z mojego systemu słonecznego.
Niestety, kiedy usiłowałem zmierzyć ile energii
pobieranej na akumulatorze faktycznie on
zużywa, przepalił mi bezpiecznik w moim
mierniku. (Co oznacza, że faktycznej konsumpcji
mocy akumulatora przez mój komputer NIE
będę w stanie zmierzyć - bowiem zakres
mojego miernika kończy sie na 10 Amperach.)
Bezpiecznik tego miernika przepala się dopiero
kiedy prąd przekroczy 10 Amperów. Napięcie
zaś na akumulatorze mierzone w czasie gdy
owo przepalenie miało miejsce wynosiło 11.51
Voltów. To więc oznacza, że faktyczna moc
pobierana przez mój laptop i mierzona na
akumulatorze (tj. uwzględniająca straty na
"inverter'ze") przekracza wartość 115 Watt.
To jest więc ponad 90% więcej niż stwierdza
specyfikacja tego komputera.
Tak duża moc pobierana przez mój komputer powoduje, że po jego podłączeniu do systemu komputer ten też wyrzuca mój "inverter" ze stanu stabilności - tak jak czynią to jarzeniówki opisane powyżej. W rezultacie, jeśli do akumulatora w owym momencie czasu NIE jest podłączona panel zasilająca go dodatkową mocą, wówczas mój inverter przez następne około 5 minut powtarzalnie włącza i wyłącza zasilanie komputera. Dopiero po owych około 5 minutach praca inverter'a sama się stabilizuje. To zaś nakłada na mnie dodatkowy wymóg, że w normalnych sytuacjach do swego systemu powinienem podłączać komputer tylko we dnie i to dopiero w jakiś czas po uprzednim podłączeniu panelu słonecznego do systemu, oraz już po zadziałaniu tego panelu. Jak więc widać, aczkolwiek panel 120 Watowy zupełnie wystarcza na zasilanie wszelkich moich domowych urządzeń małej mocy, najróżniejsze ograniczenia jakie owa mała moc na mnie nakłada, dopraszają się aby w przyszłości zafundować sobie system dużej mocy, który NIE stawiałby takich ograniczeń i czasami niewygodnych wymagań.
Part #I: Lessons and examples of knowledge which provided to me the completion of the first stage of my solar energy system:
#I1. I treat all my projects as a long path of experimental learning - this is why I accurately describe it and publish for the benefit of all concerned:
Motto: "God so designed our physical world, that everything that we do serves towards our upbringing and uplifting our knowledge - if only we keep our eyes and ears open."
Wszystko co czynimy i co nas spotyka możemy traktować na wiele odmiennych sposobów - jakie są odzwierciedleniem naszej moralności, wiedzy, światopoglądu, cech charakteru, itp. Przykładowo, możemy to traktować jako przeszkody do pokonania, lub jako sposoby ingerowania innych ludzi w nasze życie. Możemy też traktować jako źródło własnych korzyści, lub też jako okazja do wykonania dobrych uczynków dla innych ludzi. Itd., itp. Ja osobiście wszystko traktuję jako okazję do poznania najróżniejszych lekcji serwowanych nam przez Boga. To dlatego zawsze staram się spisywać te lekcje. Wszakże tylko kiedy są one spisane, NIE ulegają one zapomieniu i mogą być też udostępnione innym ludziom do poznania.
#I2.
Descriptions of most important lessons which gave to me so far the implementation of the first stage of this project:
Do chwili obecnej odnotowałem już cały
szereg zdarzeń i informacji, które są warte
zapamiętania, ponieważ wnoszą one dla
mnie nowe wartości poznawcze, które traktuję
jako otrzymane lekcje. Oto najważniejsze z nich:
(2014/10/15) Odkrycie, że uprzednio szukałem paneli słonecznych w niewłaściwych sklepach. Ja od kilku już lat usiłowalem zakupić pozdzepoły do systemu generowania elektryczności z energii słońca. Niestety, poza "inverter", który zdołałem kupić parę lat wcześniej, najważniejszego z tych podzespołów, tj. panelu słonecznego, NIE mogłem znaleźć w żadnym z NZ sklepów w jakich go szukałem. Jednak dopiero obecnie się okazało, że szukałem ich w niewłaściwych sklepach - bowiem systematycznie szukałem ich w sklepach o elektrycznej i elektronicznej orientacji. Tymczasem się okazało, że sklep w którym w końcu penele te znalazłem w sprzedaży, był sklepem samochodowym. Sklepy samochodowe sprzedają bowiem te panele jako słoneczne (tj. tzw. eco-friendly) ładowaczki do akumulatorów samochodowych. (To dlatego ich moc jest mniejsza niż byłaby dla użytku domowego - w 2014 roku największy panel tam sprzedawany miał moc jedynie 120 Watt, to też dlatego ani w 2014, ani też w 2015 roku sklepy te NIE sprzedawały paneli na 24 Volty.) Być może, że z powodu ich sprzedaży jako ładowaczek do samochodów, owe panele słoneczne są też nieco droższe niż byłyby one w sklepach elektrycznych, jednak w obrosłej niemal wyłącznie przez monopole i przez kartele Nowej Zelandii sklepy elektryczne wogóle NIE sprzedają tych paneli aby NIE podważać monopolu firm, które zarobkowo i za spore sumy instalują co bagatszym ludziom gotowe systemy do słonecznego generowania elektryczności.
(2014/10/16) Odkrycie, że kiedy chciałem sfotografować zakupione urządzenia, wówczas się okazało, że jakiś złośliwy "chochlik" w międzyczasie poprzestawiał mi na "dzikie" wszystkie parametry w moim aparacie fotograficznym. Pomimo też wysiłków, parametrów tych NIE udało mi się przywrócić do stanu wymaganego dla wykonania dobrych jakościowo zdjęć. Stąd zdjęcia pokazane na "Fig. #A1" i "Fig. #G1" wyszły nieostre i mizernej jakości. Jak więc z tego wnoszę, także i w niniejszym moim projekcie objawia się też silne działanie przeszkadzające tzw. "pola moralnego" - jakie najszerzej opisałem już w "części #N" mojej strony o nazwie pajak_do_sejmu_2014.htm - szczególnie patrz tam punkt #N3.
(2014/10/16) Odkrycie dwusieczności działania zabezpieczeń elektrycznych. Okazuje się, że "sterownik" oraz "inverter" posiadają wbudowane w siebie najróżniejsze zabeszpieczenia elektryczne. Owe zabezpieczenia w jednych przypadkach są ich zaletą, jednak w innych przypadkach stanowią ich wadę.
(2014/10/16) Wieczorny alarm wykrywacza dymu w moim mieszkaniu. W swoim mieszkaniu mam "alarm przeciw-dymowy" (po angielsku "smoke-alarm"). Wieczorem w czwartek dnia 16 października 2014 roku, czyli w dniu w którym zakupiłem panel słoneczny, alarm ten ponownie zawył, aczkolwiek w mieszkaniu NIE było dymu, ani przez wiele poprzednich godzin NIE były prowadzone żadne działania (np. gotowanie), które ów alarm mógłby odebrać jako rodzaj dymu, a stąd które uzasadniałyby jego zawycie. Poprzednie tak samo nieuzasadnione zawycie owego alarmu mialo miejsce w dniu 25 marca 2014 roku, kiedy przygotowywałem publikację swojej strony wyborczej - tamten alarm opisałem w (2014/3/25) z punktu #N3 mojej strony internetowej o nazwie pajak_do_sejmu_2014.htm. Stąd dla mnie ponowne zawycie owego alarmu w aż tak istotnym dniu jest znakiem, że jakaś "wyższa moc" daje mi do zrozumienia iż uważnie śledzi moje poczynania i jest doskonale obeznana ze znaczeniem tego co zamierzam osiągnąć.
(2015/3/15) Spadek generowanej mocy elektrycznej poniżej poziomu mojego codziennego zapotrzebowania. Swój system słoneczny zakupiłem i zacząłem używać, kiedy w Nowej Zelandii zaczęła się pełnia lata. Stąd ilość światła słonecznego była wówczas wystarczając aby moja 120 Waowa panel elektryczna generowała pełną moc na jaką została zaprojektowana, czyli generowała 120 Watt. Codziennie też praktycznie zużywam całą tą moc, bowiem niemal cały dzień do panela mam podłączony mój lap-top komputer, którego konsumpcja energii wynosi właśnie około 120 Watt - kiedy zaś wyłączę ów komputer, wówczas zazwyczaj do panelu podłączam swój LG telewizor, aby dla odpoczynku posłuchać ulubionych przez siebie piosenek jakie ściągam z internetu wprost do telewizora - tak jak opisałem to na swojej stronie o nazwie p_instrukcja.htm. Niestety, po lecie zawsze przychodzi jesień, a potem zima. W dniu 15 marca 2015 roku po raz pierwszy doświadczyłem, że jesienne słońce Nowej Zelandii, w połączeniu z zachmurzonym niebem, na tyle zmniejsza ilość generowanej energii, że wydatek mojego panelu słonecznego NIE wystarcza już do zasilania mojego komputera. Po 15 marca 2015 roku, przy zachmurzonym niebie (a w NZ niebo jest zachmurzone większość czasu) mogłem więc zasilać swój komputer energią słoneczną tylko co drugi dzień, bowiem bieżący wydatek panelu był zbyt mały na utrzymanie komputera przy ruchu (tj. aby mój komputer mógł pracować na energię słoneczną, musiał czerpać swą moc zarówno z panela, jak i z rezerwy zawartej w akumulatorze - aby zaś ową rezerwę uzupełniać, co drugi dzień musiałem odłączać swój komputer i pozwalać aby panel ładował akumulator). Posądzam, że w miarę jak zima będzie się zbliżała, ten niedobór generowanej mocy będzie się pogłębiał. Być też może, że część tego niedoboru wynika także z faktu, iż w miarę upływu czasu moja panel się starzeje i zaczyna obniżać swój wydatek (w 3 z punktu #F3 wyjaśniłem, że podobno po 8 do 10 latach wydatek panela może spaść aż do jedynie około 60% jego początkowej wartości).
Part #J: Key findings from the implementation of the above stage 1:
#J1. Do not buy equipment until the time when you know what, where, and for how much you may buy it:
W moim przypadku najtrudniejsze okazało się zakupienie panelu z ogniwami fotoelektrycznymi. Kiedy znalezłem owe panele oraz poznałem ich ceny i parametry pracy, zakup pozostałych urządzeń był już łatwy. Całe też szczęście, że z zakupami czekałem aż do chwili ustalenia gdzie, za ile i jaki panel sobie kupię.Part #K: The implementation of stage 2: the permanent installing of the solar system previously temporily assembled in stage 1 and tested:
#K1. The cost of the additional components that had to be purchased in order to complete my inside-of-flat part of stage 2 of the project described here:
Realizację fazy 2 podjąłem w dniu 27 października 2014 roku. Zdecydowałem się, aby ją też podzielić na dwa etapy, najpierw realizując trwałe instalowanie systemu w obrębie głównego pokoju mojego mieszkania, a dopiero potem realizując trwałe jego instalowanie na zewnątrz mieszkania. Innymi słowy, początkowo swą przenośną panel rozkładałem codziennie na trawie swego ogródka, w sposób pokazany na "Fig. #G1", co pozwalało mi na skoncetrowanie się na trwałym instalowaniu systemu w głównym pokoju, podczas gdy równocześnie mogłem już użytkować cały swój system słoneczny. Zakładałem też wówczas, że dopiero kiedy wszystkie działania w mieszkaniu będą już zakończone, zaś mój system da się użytkować w sposób pełny, bezpieczny i wygodny, zajmę się problemem trwałego jego instalowania na zewnątrz mieszkania. Wkrótce jednak też odkryłem, że w pierwszym roku użytkowania swojego systemu słonecznego, zyskuję sporo obserwacji i doświadczeń mając codzienny dostęp do panela. Dlatego kiedy już trwale zainstalowałem swój system w głównym pokoju mieszkania, zdecydowałem że panel przez cały następny rok pozostawię w najlepiej oświetlonej słońcem części swego ogródka, ustawiając ją tylko płasko na stole zamiast na ziemi - tak jak wyjaśniłem to w "faza 2" z punktu #A4 tej strony. (Uprzednio zamierzałem panel tą zainstalować trwale na dachu swego mieszkania.) Jedyne więc co uczyniłem na zewnątrz mieszkania, to poprzeprowadzałem trwałe okablowanie, oraz okryłem swój akumulator i inverter plastykową (czerwoną) skrzynką aby chronić je przed deszczami.Oto więc koszta dotychczasowego instalowania wewnątrz-mieszkaniowej części mojego systemu:
Table #K1. Here is a compendium of my purchase cost of the necessary electrical components for the permanent installing of my solar system to generate electricity from energy of Sun (This table is to be expanded and complemented as I will expand and improve the outcomes of this stage 2):
The exact parameters of work for each of the parts described in this table, together with the reasons why I purchased parts with just these parameters, are provided in item #K2 below. Also note that their prices in NZ are much higher than these would be in many countries, including Europe and Poland.
|
Date of purchase:
|
Name:
|
Purpose:
|
Key parameters:
|
Shop (invoice no):
|
Price in NZ$:
|
| 2014/10/27 | Kabel 3-żyły płaski | Zasilanie lamp | 1.5 mm, 240V, 10A, 10 m | Mitre 10 Petone (D#22676/12062486) | 19.80 |
| 2014/10/27 | Lampa jarzeniowa | Drugie źródło światła | 240V, 2x35W | LightingPlus L.Hutt (RC:057673) | 83.30 (tj. $119 - 30%) |
| 2014/10/27 | Poczwórny kontakt | Włączanie 2 lamp, 4 jarzeniówek | 240V | Bunnings Naenae (#006-08122-9473-2014-10-27) | 9.88 |
| 2014/10/27 | Podwójne gniazdko | Zasilanie z 2 wtyczek | 240V | Bunnings Naenae (j.w.) | 7.88 |
| 2014/10/27 | Wzniesiona 14 mm podstawa gniazdka i kontaktu | Przymocowanie gniazdka i kontatktu | 240V, 2 szt. | Bunnings Naenae (j.w.) | 5.96 |
| 2014/10/28 | 25 "eclipse" zamocowań kabla | Trzymanie kabli | 7 mm | Place Makers Petone (1935898) | 2.39 |
| 2014/10/28 | Wzniesiona 37 mm napowierzchniowa podstawa gniazdka | Przymocowanie gniazdka do ściany | CD140WE | Place Makers Petone (j.w.) | 5.99 |
| 2014/10/29 | 1 metr kabla 2-żyłowego, PVC | Połączenie dwóch gniazdek | 1.5 mm, 250/440V | Ideal L.Hutt (230077648) | 7.30 (tj. $29.19 - 75%) |
| 2014/10/29 | Wzniesiona 37 mm napowierzchniowa podstawa kontaktu | Przymocowanie kontaktu do ściany | CD140WE | Place Makers Petone (1936257) | 5.99 |
| 2014/10/29 | 25 "eclipse" zamocowań kabla | Trzymanie kabli | 14 mm | Place Makers Petone (j.w.) | 3.99 |
|
In total:
10 parts |
All "Made in China"
|
Each of a different producer
|
All for 240V 10A (AC)
|
All purchases not far from my flat
|
Sum of cost: NZ$ 152.48
|
#K2.
The deignation of additional parts and components that had to be purchased
to complete my inside-of-flat part of stage 2 of the project described here:
Aby informować czytelnika co i jak realizuję
w tej wewnątrz-mieszkaniowej części fazy 2,
poniżej wyjaśniam przeznaczenie dotychczas
dokonanych zakupów wyszczegółnionych w
"Tabeli #K1". Oto owe zakupy i ich przeznaczenie:
Od (2014/10/27) - do (2014/10/29): Elementy elektryczne konieczne dla zamontowania w pokoju zasilanym energią słońca niezależnego jarzeniowego światła oraz niezależnych od sieci gniazdek na wtyczki. Są to typowe elementy elektrycznego odrutowania mieszkań, w rodzaju: kable, gniazdka, kontakty-włączniki, źródła światła, itp.
#K3.
Additional parts and components, which had to be purchased in order to
complete my outside-of-flat part of stage 2 of the project described here:
Jak to wyjaśniłem już w "faza 2" z punktu #A4,
oraz w punkcie #K1, postanowiłem wstrzymać
się przez co najmniej jeden rok z trwałym
instalowaniem panelu na dachu swego mieszkania.
To zaś oznacza, że pozamieszkaniowa część
fazy 2 nadal oczekuje późniejszego zrealizowania.
Oto podzespoły jakie dotychczas zakupiłem
dla użycia na zewnątrz mieszkania:
Table #K2. Here is a compendium of my purchase cost of the necessary electrical components for permanent installing of my solar system to generate electricity from energy of Sun (This table is to be expanded and complemented as I will expand and improve the outcomes of this stage 2):
The exact parameters of work for each of the parts described in this table, together with the reasons why I purchased parts with just these parameters, are provided in item #K2 below. Also note that their prices in NZ are much higher than these would be in many countries, including Europe and Poland.
|
Date of purchase:
|
Name:
|
Purpose:
|
Key parameters:
|
Shop (invoice no):
|
Price in NZ$:
|
| 2014/10/23 | Skrzynka "Perroplas" | Ochrona akumulatora od deszczu, kurzu, itp. | s/g/w = 34/30/28 cm | Warehouse Petone (DK:64530/41-482-354) | 8.70 (tj. $9.99 - 12%) |
|
In total:
1 part |
"Made in China"
|
-
|
For 12 V DC and 240V 10A (AC)
|
All purchases not far from my flat
|
Sum of cost: NZ$ 8.70
|
#K4.
The deignation of additional parts and components that had to be purchased
to complete my outside-of-flat part of stage 2 of the project described here:
Aby informować czytelnika co i jak realizuję
w tej części fazy 2, poniżej wyjaśniam przeznaczenie
jej zakupów dokonanych w kolejnych dniach
oraz wyszczegółnionych w "Tabeli #K2". Oto
owe zakupy i ich przeznaczenie:
(2014/10/23): Plastykowa skrzynka na butelki firmy "Perroplas" w kolorze czerwonym (nieprzeźroczysta). Z powodów BHP akumulator powinien znajdować się na zewnątrz mieszkania. Jednak stojąc tam bez osłony, byłby on wystawiony na działanie pogody, wilgoci, kurzu, słońca, oczu złodziei, itp. Aby więc go osłonić, zdecydowałem się kupić plastykową skrzynkę, którą go przykrywam od góry. Skrzynka ta typowo jest zaprojektowana dla składowania i na butelki, stąd jeśli w przyszłości znajdę lepszą osłonę swego akumulatora, wówczas skrzynkę tę ciągle będę w stanie używać w mieszkaniu do innych celów. W każdym boku u góry (a po przykryciu nią akumulatora - przy ziemi) ma ona otwór używany jako uchwyt dla jej przenoszenia, stąd osłonięty nią akumulator ciągle będzie miał wentylację, zaś przez owe otwory mogę też przeprowadzać kable. Jej rozmiary są też na tyle duże, że oprócz akumulatora jest w niej także miejsce na mój "inverter".
Part #L: Lessons and examples of knowledge which provided me the implementation of this second stage of my solar energy system:
#L1. What works needed to be done for the completion of stage 2 (in order of their significance):
Aby zrealizować fazę 2, konieczne są następujące działania - wyszczególnione w kolejności ich wagi, a stąd i priorytetu ich podejmowania:1. Firmly attach and enclose the battery and inverter located outside of the flat. Podobnie jak słoneczny panel, akumulator (oraz inverter) też powinien znajdować się na zewnątrz mieszkania i NIE powinien być hermetycznie zamknięty - wszakże emituje on różne żrące i korodujące gazy i opary. Ponadto, aby ułatwiać jego obsługę i sprawdzanie, powinien on być łatwo dostępny. To jednak powoduje, że stwarza on pokusę dla złodziei i stąd powinien być osłoniety i raczej dobrze zamocowany oraz trudny do wyniesienia.
2. The installing of permanent cable-connections and switches. Tak jak to się czyni z elektryczną instalacją domową, w fazie 2 niniejszego projektu też konieczne jest zaisntalowanie trwałych połaczeń kablowych i wymaganych gniazdek oraz przełączników.
3. The installing of fluorescent lights powered by solar electricity. W systemie jaki tu opisuję słoneczne oświetlenie największego (najczęściej używanego) pokoju musi być utrzymywane jako równoległe i zupełnie niezależne od sieciowego oświetlenia. Owo też słoneczne oświetlenie jest pierwszym rodzajem urządzeń domowych, korzystanie z których wizualnie potwierdza działanie, korzyści i dobrodziejstwa systemu słonecznego. (Np. kiedy lampy są zasilane darmową elektrycznością słoneczną, NIE trzeba już skąpić sobie na światle aby zaoszczędzić na opłatach za elektryczność.) Dlatego zainstalowanie lamp jarzeniowych powinno otrzymać jeden z najwyższych priorytetów. W moim przypadku, z powodu użycia "inverter'a" bez tzw. "funkcji miękkiego włączania", owe jarzeniówki wyrzucają inverter ze stanu stabilności - tak jak opisałem to już w punktach #G2, #H2.1 i #H2.2 tej strony. Stąd niezaleznie od zainstalowania w swym dużym pokoju dwóch lamp jarzeniowych, musiałem je też dodatkowo tak odrutować, abym mógł łatwo włączać i wyłączać świecenie ich indywidualnych żarówek jarzeniowych.
4. The permanent installing of the solar panel on the roof of my flat. Nie jest to łatwe zadanie, ponieważ z nowozelandzka miejscowość Petone w jakiej mieszkam, a także jej okolice (np. stoliczne miasto Wellington) słyną z wyjątkowo silnych wiatrów. Wellington jest nawet nazywane "wietrznym miastem". Stąd mój panel słoneczny musi być szczególnie silnie zamocowany do dachu, aby huraganowe wiatry go NIE zrzuciły. Ponadto przed jego zainstalowaniem powinienem jakoś rozwiązać problem bombardowania mojego dachu przez mewy - opisany w punkcie #L2 tej strony.
5. The permanent installing of fuse box, switches, and inverter. Wszystkie te urządzenia powinny bowiem być blisko akumulatora, jednak osłonięte i zabezpieczone przed działaniem deszczu, kurzu, słońca, wiatru, złodziei, itp.
#L2.
Descriptions of the most important lessons which gave to me so far
the implementation of the second stage of the project described here:
Until now, my attention attracted various sorts
of problems and their solutions, which are
connected with the implementation of the
second phase of the project described here,
and thus which I would like to share with the
reader. Here are the most important ones:
(2014/10/17) The problem of bombing the roof of my flat by seagulls. My flat from the New Zealand township of Petone lies just around 400 meters from the sea and from the pebble beach. In addition, the roof of my flat is flat and tinny. All this meant that the local seagulls discovered somehow that my roof is best of all roofs in the area for crushing and for eating mussels that these seagulls collect on the sea coast. But in order to crush shells before eating these mussels, seagulls first keep dropping these mussels from a great height onto the tin roof of my flat. Although the dropping of these mussels on our tin roof is always accompanied by a loud bang, me personally this bang so far does NOT disturbed, as I had already got used to it. But worse is with our cat, who after each such bombing of the roof with mussels, and during the subsequent loud rumbling of beaked gulls into dinning roof, is hiding under the bed and remains in there for quite a long time. So far, the only problem which I had with this seagulls' bombing, is an annual cleaning of the roof from broken mussels' shells. When, however, after buying my solar panel I read on it, that due to the fragility of ceramic photovoltaic cells, the panel like this one is NOT allowed to be hit with something, these gulls are beginning to be a problem. For if duwing the bombarding of my roof with heavy sea clams, seagulls so unfortunately aim, that the shells hit my ceramic solar panel, then this would destroy my panel with the mussel. Thus, in my head now started to appear the question of how most preferably I should solve this problem. Will I e.g. need to install on the roof another transparent rooflet which will protect my solar panel from the bombing by seagulls - and which simultaneously will also obscure the significant proportion of solar energy reaching this panel? Or is there some other solution?
(2014/10/28) It is better NOT to go about installing fluorescent light if you do NOT have a helper. In my life of constant traveler, I acquired the habit to make everything by myself, i.e. without seeking any helpers. This is because the most of my life I had noone around who could help me. So when after testing the operation of my fluorescent lights, I decided to install them permanently, I also took to the task when I was alone in the flat. Soon, however, I discovered that I have a lot of "fun" with screwing the housing of fluorescent light to the ceiling. This housing is in fact a cheap Chinese production. (In the NZ shops it is almost impossible to purchase anything that would NOT be "made in China".) Thus, it is a fragile and weak product of a type "plastic fantastic". It has a length of approximately 1.5 meters, while the two screws that secure it to the ceiling are located at both ends of it. So when on a ladder it is screwed at one end, then it is impossible to reach with hands to screw also the other end - without stepping down to the floor and moving the ladder to another location. Meanwhile, the "plastic fantastic" structure that houses this fluorescent light, is too weak to hang on just one screw and does not damage the lamp. So without a helper I had a lot of "fun" looking for a way to accomplish this fixing of the fluorescent light to the ceiling without causing any damages. Although in the end I was able to find that way, but because of the amount of sweat, labour and mental gymnastics that this simple task cost me, I definitely decided for the future that for fixing my second identical fluorescent light, which is also already bought, I do NOT proceed until the time when I had in the flat a helper to hold one end, then I will attach to the ceiling the other end. (Such are the practical problems that has an university professor when he decides that instead of theoretical deliberations, he actually builds something practically in this imperfect physical world.) The above my experience I am describing here NOT because for the reader it may have a high learning value, but because according to my sense of humour, it is extremely funny!
(2015/4/27) Installing the "solar security lights" described in item #N1 below. A similar problem (i.e. attaching a long object without a helper) created for me a permanent fixing of "solar security lamp" described in item #N1 below. It is because these lamps I first assembled on the ground by screwing them into a long plank, and then both ends of this plank I attached to the brackets of the roof - not having a helper who would assist me in doing it. However, having already the previous experience with the above-described mounting of fluorescent lights without a helper, in order to fix both ends of the long plank to the roof brackets, I firstly temporarily tied them up with wire to these brackets, and only then I proceeded to the permanent fixing it with screws. Of course, in accordance with the work of "Murphy's Laws", when the board with the solar panel already attached to it I was tying with wire to the roof, the plank slipped somehow from my hand and fell on the cement - fortunately the solar panel has NOT broke (only that during my attempts to catch it in the air, something painfully sliced through my hand).
Part #M: Key findings from the implementation of the 2nd stage:
#M1. Conclusions that could be drawn already from the current implementation of the 2nd stage:
Realizację 2-giej fazy opisywanego tu projektu podjąłem w dniu 27 października 2014 roku. Uprzednio bowiem testowałem w różnych warunkach dziennego i nocnego użytkowania, działanie poszczególnych podzespołów i całego systemu - po uprzednim poskładaniu tych podzespołów razem w sposób tymczasowy. Ponadto dniami chodziłem po różnych sklepach elektrycznych aby móc porównywać ze sobą ich ceny. W NZ bowiem ceny podzespołów elektrycznych są w moim zrozumieniu jednymi z najwyższych w świecie, stąd idąc do pierwszego z brzegu sklepu można zapłacić w nim np. ponad 29 dolarów za jeden metr najzwykłejszego kabla o typowej izolacji z PWC, lub zapłacić ponad 40 dolarów za zwykły plastykowy kontakt - wszystko to zaś taniej i podrzędnej jakości "Made in China". Do dnia 31 października 2014 roku zakończyłem najważniejszą część owej drugiej fazy, jaką realizowałem w głównym pokoju swego mieszkania. Do owego bowiem dnia pozakładałem w tym mieszkaniu najważniejsze odrutowanie systemu słonecznej elektryczności, zainstalowałem 2 lampy jarzeniowe (w sumie z 4-ma 35-cio Watowymi żarówkami jarzeniowymi), podłączyłem do odrutowania kontakt z 4-ma przełącznikami (tak abym mógł włączać indywidualnie każdą żarówkę z każdej olampy jarzeniowej), oraz zainstalowałem jedno gniazdko dwuwtyczkowe. W sumie więc, począwszy od 31 października 2014 roku, mogłem podjąć wygodne i bezpieczne codzienne zasilanie energią słoneczną wszystkich swych domowych urządzeń elektrycznych małej mocy. (Wiele z owych urządzeń zasilałem już tą energią podczas uprzedniego testowania swego systemu.) Oto wnioski jakie mi się nasunęły podczas dotychczasowej realizacji tej 2-giej fazy:1. Pojedyńczy panel 120 Watowy przy letnim słońcu zupełnie mi wystarcza dla zasilania słoneczną elektrycznością wszystkich domowych urządzeń małej mocy. Jest to dla mnie dużym i miłym zaskoczeniem. Na bazie bowiem ogłoszeń i ilustracji w internecie miałem wrażenie, iż typowo potrzebna jest spora liczba owych paneli. Tymczasem się okazuje, że większość moich urządzeń małej mocy NIE jest używana w tym samym momencie czasu, stąd nawet mój jedynie 120 Watowy system słoneczny może nadążać z ich zasilaniem. Przykładowo, swój komputer używam głównie rano, kiedy mój umysł jest jeszcze świeży, zaś wyłączam go zupełnie i na dobre około czasu swego "lunchu". Moją golarkę elektryczną używam głównie wczesnym rankiem rano, zaś ładowaczki do baterii głównie we dnie. Niemal więc jedynymi czasami kiedy używam więcej niż jedno urządzenie naraz, są wieczory - kiedy to równocześnie pracuje całe oświetlenie pokoju oraz telewizor (chociaż mój komputer nadal pozostaje wyłączony). Jednak mój system narazie bez problemu radzi sobie też i z tym wieczornym obciążeniem. Ta sytuacja być może zmieni się na nieco inną w okresie NZ zimy, tj. kiedy słoneczne światło dzinne trwa tu kilka godzin krócej. Narazie bowiem świeci tu jakby letnie słońce. (W NZ od października do marca słoneczne światło dzienne panuje przez co najmniej 12 godzin.) Kiedy jednak zimowe słońce zacznie się w NZ, wówczas opiszę tu też zimowe doświadczenia z użytkowaniem mojego systemu słonecznego.
2. Z mojego rozeznania po NZ sklepach wynika, że ciągle NIE ma w nich podzespołów dla systemów słonecznych dużej mocy pracujących na 24 Volty. Np. narazie ciągle NIE spotkałem w sprzedaży 24-Voltowego panelu, ani 24-Voltowych akumulatorów typu "Gel" - jakie są używane w systemach słonecznych, chociaż widziałem już 24-Voltowe kontrolery (sterowniki) ładowania akumulatora, oraz 2000 Watowy inverter na 24 Volty. Stąd narazie nawet gdybym miał wymagane fundusze i czas, ciągle NIE byłbym w stanie rozpocząć fazy 3, oraz dalszych, planowanej rozbudowy opisywanego tu systemu. (W owych fazach 3 i dalszych byłby zbudowany system słoneczny dużej mocy, jaki pozwalałby mi na zasilanie dniem i nocą takich urządzeń jak lodówka, pralka, kuchnia elektryczna, cylinder do łazienkowej wody na prysznic, suszarka do włosów, odkurzacz, itp.)
3. Trzecią i następne fazy realizowania opisywanego tu projektu. Opiszę je kiedy dotrę już do czasu ich realizowania. Jedyną informacją wartą tu już obecnie podkreślenia jest, że długofalowym celem tych dalszych faz powinno być uzyskanie pełnej niezależności od elektrowni i od sieci elektrycznej. oraz pełnej samowystarczalności energetycznej własnego domu lub mieszkania (dla uzyskania których to celów jest konieczne zbudowanie sobie "moralnego" systemu słonecznego bazuącego na użyciu jakichś systemów przechowywania energii, np. akumulatorów - po szczegóły patrz punkty #A1, #B5 i #F3 tej strony).
Part #N: Further ways of freeing my flat from the dependency on dirty for the environment and unjustifiably expensive grid electricity:
#N1. How the installing of "sensitive to movement" solar lamps at the door and around my flat improves the comfort, ease, and (the most importantly) also the safety of night returns to home:
Motto: "Light helps to do everything that is moral and appropriate, simultaneously light makes difficult doing what is immoral and wrong - therefore let us lit up everything that we can."
On 23rd April 2015, I went to my favourite store in NZ named "Warehouse" to check what new it began to offer to its customers in the meantime. Much to my delight I noticed that they have on sale various new products for solar energy, which already have batteries build-in, and thus which fulfil the condition of "moral correctness" imposed by moral criteria described in items #B5 and #F3 from this web page. These products were various types of the "Motion Sensor Security Light" - i.e. solar security lamps suitable for outdoor use - see photos from "Fig. #N1" below. If these lamps are installed outside of the flat (or house) in such a manner that their light is directed at the front door to our flat (or house), then when at nights we come back to the flat or house, their motion sensitive sensor detects our arrival and switches on the light. The length of the shining of these lights can be adjusted on the lamp within the range from 8 seconds until 2 minutes. As a result, we do not have to fear that some villain is lurking in the darkness by the door of our flat, we do not have, for example, to unpack shopping from our car in the darkness, we do not need to climb the stairs of our flat in darkness and risk of falling and breaking bones, nor we need to search for the right key and the keyhole in the darkness. This is because for every movement of anything within the range of these lamps their light illuminates well: our exit from the car, our unpacking of shopping, our way to the front door, our climbing the stairs to the flat, as well as our opening the door - so that whatever we do before entering the flat we have it well-lit. In addition, because these lamps are powered by solar energy, we also must NOT be embarrassed how often and when we use them. Nor nothing urges us that to conserve the electricity we need, for example, switch them off for some nights (e.g. when we do NOT plan the night return to the flat), or for certain periods of time (e.g. when we go on holidays) - whereupon that, of course, we forget to turn them on when we needed them. Almost the only alternative that would replace the convenience and safety of such solar lights, would be if we systematically leave the normal lamps powered from the grid and located by the entry door to the flat lighted up before we went out of the house (or even lighted up all time) - which alternative, however, would be rather expensive because sometimes we exit from the flat in the morning to return back in the evening or at night.Although similar lamps fitted with motion sensors, only that powered from the grid, also have been in sales for a long time, however, they have numerous disadvantages in comparison to solar lamps described here. For example, in spite that they are rather expensive, e.g. in New Zealand they cost from about $ 40 to about $ 120 (depending on the quality of manufacture and power of their light), at the time of purchase they do NOT have attached any cables nor switches - hence to install them one must also buy a whole range of additional components. When they work, they consume electricity for which one has then pay to the electricity supplier from the grid. Meanwhile, the motion sensor in all types of such lamps (regardless of whether these lamps are powered from the grid, or from the energy of sun), always lit them up when anything moves within the range of these sensors - including nocturnal cats, mice, rats, bats, burglars, wandering drunk people, saboteurs, hooligans, branches of nearby trees moved by the wind, laundry left overnight to dry, etc., etc. Therefore, if one leaves them turned on all the time, then at today's prices of grid electricity they are quite expensive in use. In addition, for me personally every switching on of such lamps, and every switching on of any device consuming electricity supplied from the grid, generates a kind of "moral hangover" that through my actions I contribute towards strengthening the role of immoral electrical cartel, that with its manipulations imposes on people the consumption of ecologically dirty and economically unjustly expensive electricity from the grid. If in turn normally such lamps are turned off, and one turns them on only when one knows with certainty that he or she is to return home late and is going to need their light, then typically one forgets to turn them on when one really needs them, and also at a time when they are turned off, they do NOT perform an important additional their role of "security lights" that are to deter criminals, hooligans and drunkards from our doors. Frankly speaking, in my flat just such a light sensitive to motion, but powered from the grid, is for a long time installed by the main entrance door. However, because of the drawbacks and consequences described above, I switched it on for use extremely rarely. As a result, in spite of having it, most of our evening returns to the flat occurred in the darkness.
After noting the availability in the shop of the "solar version" of these lamps sensitive to movements, of course, I immediately bought one of them for myself. From the instruction that came with these lamps appears that their installation is very easy. It is enough that these lamps and their solar panels are attached to something with the screws supplied with them. But as a researcher of methods of God's action I know perfectly well, that in the real life everything is governed by the moral phenomenon, which I call the "moral field" in item #C4.2 from another my web page named morals.htm. This "moral field" causes, that the more beneficial something is to be for us in the long-term work, the more motivation, thoughts, effort and courage we need to put into this something to create it. In other words, the more steeply uphill in this "moral field" we climb in the creation of something new, the better for us it proves to be in a long-term action - as it is illustrated in "Fig. #I1" from my web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm. It is because of such constant action of the "moral field", in item #B4, from my web page named pajak_re_2017.htm I also explained that virtually everything that we do can be implemented either "morally" or "immorally", although with different levels of "compliance" to moral criteria (while acting "morally"), or with different levels of "breaking" moral criteria (while acting "immorally"). Notice, that when we "comply" to moral criteria and act "morally" (although with different levels of this morality) - then the angle of our climbing uphill in the "moral field" is to differ. In turn when we break moral criteria and act "immorally", and do this with different levels of our immorality – then we slide downhill in the "moral field" under different angles. It is because of such intelligent acting of this "moral field", that someone invented that there are so-called "Murphy's Laws", which by making use of "coincident-like events" and "accidents" in the short-term always prevent us from doing whatever is beneficial for us and whatever is moral. So if I "went the easy way" with the bought solar lamp, thus quickly and effortlessly attached it anywhere, then because of the action of this "moral field", after some time it would turn out that, for example, rain soaked it and make it fail, that it prevents us from using or from proper working of something else, that someone vandalise it - because it was too-easy to reach, etc. Therefore, before I installed this lamp, firstly I had to think carefully about "where" and "how" to mount it, that this mount "climbed as steeply as possible uphill in the moral field". Of course, according to the action of moral field, I chose such a place and method of mounting, which require the highest contribution of my motivations, thoughts, work and courage - that is, the mounting under the eaves of my flat. This is because from over there the lamp can be directed precisely at the area which I wanted it to lit up. Over there it was safe from vandalism - because vandals could not easily reach it. In turn the eaves of roof protect it from rain and partially also from wind.
Because I just had in my garden an old plank, with the help of which I could install the lamp under the eaves of roof, soon after the purchase I installed it on the main (east) entrance door to my flat - as it is shown in "Fig. #N1b" below. Of course, this installing provided me with a lot of "fun" caused by a short-term action of "moral field". A part of this "fun" is described in (2015/4/27) from item #L2 of this web page. This "fun" I had because the attaching of lamp under the eaves of roof over 3 meters above the ground make my hair standing on the head. I tried to decrease this "fun" while still working on the ground, by fixing the solar panel and the lamp to a long pine plank (which was firstly painted for this purpose), and only then I attached this plank to the structure of roof. However, still it was not easy to work alone near the roof distant around three meters from the concrete floor of the car port, when because of the need to turn the face upward, only with a difficulty one maintains a balance on top of a rickety A-shaped ladder only 1.80 meter high. After all, only to align a long plank into the required position it is required to use both hands, while one does NOT have a third hand to be able to catch and hold to something to prevent a fall-down. At the same time one needs to also attach with screws this long plank to two roof supports that are spaced apart by more than the range of one's hands.
My flat has two doors. The first one (main door), is directed to the east and located by the "car port" near the entrance from the street. In turn the second door is directed to the west, and it leads out from the flat into a small garden - i.e. this garden, the current appearance of near the door portion of which is shown above on "Fig. #G1", while how it looked right after the purchase of our flat in February 2012, reveals "Fig. #4" from my other web page named p_c.htm). Because of having these two entrance doors, two days later I bought a second identical solar lamp with the intention of installing it so that it would illuminate the west entrance from the garden. Prices of both lamps were $ 69 each - but I got on them 12.5% discount off the price - thus for each of them I paid $ 60.40 (see "Table #N1" below).
On packaging of these lamps it is written that they are suitable for outdoor use. Because immediately after the purchase of a second lamp I had not available yet a spare plank of the desired length of over 4 meters, so that with the help of it I could attach this lamp under the eaves of the roof over the west door to the garden, this second lamp I temporarily attached to the upper brackets of the miniature wooden pergola that a few months earlier I built for myself in the northern corner of our small garden. Over there already since the beginning this lamp could fulfil its function - only that by being directed horizontally it had a few fruit trees within the range of its motion sensor. Hence, strong winds shaking these trees lit it up repeatedly from time to time. Thus, before arrived the day with so rainless and so windless weather, that I could buy for myself the required long plank needed for mounting this lamp, and bring this plank on my shoulder to my flat from the shop distant by about 2 km without the need to struggle with wind, before I painted this plank for the protection from weather and the paint managed to dry out, and before I finished my waiting for a break in rains so that I could be able to mount the second lamp under the eaves of roof, it was already 6 May 2015. In the meantime, while illuminating the garden from the top of pergola, this lamp was exposed to rain for about 10 days. In spite that supposedly it was built for an outdoor use, when I unscrewed the lamp from brackets of pergola, a good glass of water poured from it. So if it remain there a little longer, probably it would fill up entirely with rainwater, and its electrical circuits and electronics would probably short-circuit and get destroyed. How, then, in such a situation, we can trust in present immoral times what Chinese (and in many cases also other manufacturers) write on the packaging of their products?
An illustration of the manner in which on 6th May 2015 I installed the second lamp over the western door to the garden, while on 10th May 2015 to the same plank I attached the third similar lamp that illuminates the northern side of our flat, presents the photo from "Fig. #N1c". Incidentally, during the final installation of this second lamp under the eaves of roof and above the door to the garden, I again had a lot of "fun" similar to that described in (2015/4/27) from item #L2 of this web page. Again struggling myself with heavy 4.2-meter long plank and with the solar panel mounted to the end of it, I cut on something my other hand without even knowing when and how. Of course, such a cuts and wounds always worry me, because my flat is quite an old one - built back in the 1960s, so the structure of the roof of it is covered with a noticeable layer of dirt, chemical pollutants, and bacteria. No wonder, that this second cut on my other hand refused to heal and it started of mucking. This festering of wound disappeared and it began to heal only when I repeatedly soaked the entire hand along with that cut in the hot water in which previously I dissolved a few tablespoons of kitchen salt and I only cooled it down to the temperature when it was possible to put my hand into water without causing burns - for more information on the medicinal properties of normal salt solution see item #D2 on my web page named healing.htm.
Immediately after I managed to attach to the roof-brackets the plank with the garden-side (second) lamp, a heavy rain and hurricane wind began to sprang up - both of which lasted uninterrupted for the next two days. The wind was so strong that at times it seemed that it breaks the roof off the flat. In the TV news, the flooding and destruction caused by this rain and gale winds were shown as another weather disaster that hit New Zealand - i.e. the disaster suitable for adding to the list of those disasters, which are described in items #I3 and #I3.1 from my web page named petone.htm, because typically they spread destruction around the township in which I live, however, since this township is morally protected by the so-called "10 righteous", in Petone itself these disasters do not cause any noticeable damage. That gale wind and rain created for me an excellent opportunity to watch how the nature is testing the engineering quality and strength of my attachment of the lamp discussed here.
The motion sensors of lamps described here switch on these lamps whenever anything moves in front of them. Thus, in terms of usability, these lamps are therefore an equivalent of lamps burning at the front door to the flat practically the entire nights. However, since they are powered by a solar panel, their work does not cost me anything. So I calculated, that in terms of its value, their purchase costs are equivalent to the cost of use for a period of approximately one year of an ordinary lamp on electricity from the grid, continuously emitting light every subsequent night. So if these lamps persevere in working order for more than one year, then I can believe that their purchase was justified even economically (in addition to the justification that results from the increase of our safety, comfort and a sense of morally correct conduct). After a year I intend to inform the reader here how these lamps were doing and whether they actually worked properly for the duration of a whole year.
Lamps described here last ready for action during all nights and every day. After all, their light does not cost me anything. So I do NOT have remorse that by keeping them on and constantly working I contribute significantly to consolidating the role of the dirty to natural environment and unjustly expensive electricity from the grid, and thus that I actively support immoral electric monopolies and cartels. Thus, these lamps generate a sense of morally correct conduct, at the same time immensely improving the comfort, safety and cosiness of our evening and night leaves of the flat (e.g. to take out the trash, to hang the just washed laundry, or take something from the car), as well as our late returns home every several days. In fact, after installing these lamps for myself, now I often wonder how I managed to live and to use the flat for so long without having them.
When I used for a few days the safety lamps described herein, the positive difference that they have introduced into our lives so impressed me, that I decided that when the "Warehouse" will have another significant sell-off, then I buy for myself at least two more of such lamps. After all, these two lamps that I previously bought, I installed already in such a way, that they the most brightly lit up only both entrance doors to our flat. In turn our flat has three walls, around which leads a kind of pavement (the fourth wall facing south is adjacent to a flat of our neighbour - see "Fig. #N1c"). Thus, a large part of that pavement these two previously purchased lamps left unlit. To the "Warehouse" I went again on Saturday, May 9, 2015. Obviously God likes to make pleasant surprises, because to my surprise the shop’s last 3 lamps of the kind discussed here already were offered at a discounted price. Immediately I bought two of them. On the occasion of their purchase, I noted also that a number of other products for solar electricity was discounted. So I bought also a few more products for solar electricity (these listed in the "Table #N2" and "Table #N3"), while descriptions of their use I am providing in item #N2 and #N3 from this web page.
The first one out of these two lamps purchased at the discounted price I installed the very next day after the purchase. I attached it to the opposite end of the same plank that previously was already holding the lamp illuminating the western door to our garden - see "c" in "Fig. #N1" below. Only that this already third consecutive outdoor lamp I directed in such a way, that it illuminated the sidewalk which runs along the northern wall of our flat, while leads from the street to our little garden. I fitted it in such a way, that the roof eaves protect it from the rain. After it was installed, these 3 lamps guarded over the safety of virtually all three walls our flat. Due to using three independently directed lamps, I also obtained the opportunity to cast their light precisely where the lighting was needed - which now creates a sense of increased comfort and safety. Indeed, it is shocking how many times almost virtually every night someone, or something, causes the lighting up of these lamps - result of which is that our lights are now teaching that someone, or something, to stop wander at nights near our flat.
The "moral field" make sure again that the installation of this third lamp also proved to be quite a "fun". This is because in order to save myself the hassle of unscrewing and later screwing again the long and heavy plank, I decided that this third lamp and solar panel I am attaching to the plank by garden, when this plank still remains attached to the structure of roof. This, however, meant screwing everything with a manual screwdriver at over three meters height, balancing on the top of my too-short A-shaped ladder. In addition, when the lamp retaining screws I had only half-screwed, a powerful storm started up and poured torrential rain. (Notice here, that these my problems and difficulties with installing the lamps are a "good omen" - after all they are compatible with short-term work of the "moral field" described in item #C4.2 from my web page named morals.htm. As I have already explained this, the "moral field" works in such a way that everything that in the long-term work of "moral field" proves to be for us good, necessary and appropriate, in the short-term work of "moral field" must be difficult, cumbersome, and requiring sizeable contribution of our motivation, thoughts, work and courage. Therefore, describing these problems here I am NOT complaining that they existed, but only I am scientifically reporting them here so that the reader also began to be aware that when they occur in his life during the implementation of any intention, then he or she should also accept them as a "good omen" that the intention is morally correct, and thus that in the long-term work its implementation is to bring various benefits.) The arrival of stormy winds and rain caused that I had to abandon the further attaching of the lamp and flee to the flat. This particular storm raged throughout the entire next week, until Saturday, 16th May 2015. It was the strongest that I remember for several decades. In fact, it caused flooding and tore the roofs of many houses in all the surrounding towns, while the nearby capital city of Wellington (for which my township Petone is a suburb) was by it completely cut off from the rest of the country and the world - i.e. all the highways and train tracks leading to Wellington were torn by avalanches of mud and stones, or washed out by water. Railways and buses have stopped working, and also cars in many places could NOT pass. Although in Wellington there is a "headquarter" of special (well paid and expensively equipped) organization which supposed to defend the population against the consequences of natural disasters, similarly like during all previous disasters, also this time that "headquarter" was totally "surprised" by what had happened - and this in spite of the fact described in items #C2 and #C4 from my web page named petone.htm, that we all know very well that both, Wellington, as well as my township Petone, in the event of any disaster still pose for the residents kinds of "rat traps". A couple of the nearby towns were even damaged by tornadoes that accompanied the storm. As a result, life in Wellington and in the surrounding areas temporarily stopped because employees did not have ways to come to work, while schools, shops and some institutions had to be closed. To readers interested in learning about consequences of this cataclysm I would recommend having a look at [#N1] the issue of New Zealand newspaper The Dominion Post Weekend dated on Saturday, May 16, 2015. This is because it contains a series of illustrated articles on that particular storm, for example: on page A2 there is an article [1#N1] entitled "The velocity of the water was just so immense" (in which, among others, is stated that in the suburb of Wellington called Tawa, on 14th May 2015 as much as 120 mm of rain fell in just 12 hours); on page A8 there is an article [2#N1] entitled "Come hell and high water as floods plagued the region" (which describes also other historical disasters affecting the Wellington region - the largest of these occurred in 1976, when in Wellington 153 mm of rain fell within 24 hours); or on page C4 the article [3#N1] entitled "Deluge exposés region's week spots" (in which the flood was called the "deluge" and describes the main damages that it caused - including stopping the movement of all trains, blocking roads and forcing commuters in Wellington to stay for a night in the city because they had no ways to return to their homes). On the occasion of reading those articles, on page C6 in the abovementioned newspaper I also came across an article [4#N1] entitled "Trustpower profits jump 20 per cent", in which described is a new way to which resorts one of the companies from electricity supply cartel (broadly described in items #B5 and #F3 of this web page) - which a new way raised by about 20% the profits of that company and increased the dependence of customers from its services, while which boils down to binding together the sales of grid electricity with sales of internet access (notice that in past, for just a similar binding together the sale of Windows with the sale of Internet Explorer, the American company Microsoft landed in an expensive court case). Other newspapers also describe that cataclysm. For example, on page A1 of the newspaper The New Zealand Herald, issue dated on Friday, May 15, 2015, was contained an article [5#N1] entitled "Tornadoes fury" - which documented (amongst others photographically) the destruction caused by one amongst the tornadoes associated with this storm. Towards the township of Petone God kept His promise from the Bible (i.e. the promise stating that the cataclysm sent by God will NOT destroy the human settlement, the destruction of which would also harm of at least "10 righteous" people who live in this settlement, or close to it - which promise of God is described in more details in items #I1 and #G1 from my web page named quake.htm, in item #I3 from my web page named day26.htm, or in "part #I" of my separate web page named petone.htm). Although a few streets of Petone sometimes resembled a shallow streams, this township has NOT experienced noticeable damage from that storm - although it was in Petone that water and storm swept away in depths a car of the newcomer from the nearby Wellington and drowned the driver - for details see the article [6#N1] entitled "Adventurer is swept to his death", from page A1 of the abovementioned newspaper [#N1]. The first short break in the rain and the wind appeared only on Friday, 15 May 2015. So I used it immediately to tighten the screws holding the third lamp and to turn on this third lamp to work.
The last (fourth) safety lamp I installed on 17th May 2015. It was the first day after the passage of the storm, when the wind almost stopped, the rain completely ceased, and sometimes even sun showed up. This lamp I so directed that it illuminated the area located further away from the main (east) entrance door of the "car port", as well as the off-street entrance to that car port. After all, the first of these lamps, which is directed at the main (eastern) entrance door, do NOT illuminate that area well enough. Although the old plank used for the installing of the first lamp is NOT sufficient quality to hold two lamps (especially in the climate of "windy Wellington", where almost constantly blow strong winds), still this fourth lamp I decided to attach also to this plank - see "Fig. #N1d". This is because for the purchase of a better plank I no longer wanted to await. After all, such purchase would mean that I need to await until the wind completely ceases - so that I would be able to bring the purchased plank to the flat on my shoulder without having to struggle with the wind tossing around this plank, and in addition this would also mean the painting of plank and waiting until the paint is dry, and the need for laborious dismantling of the first plank and the first lamp. So I decided that I rather attach the next lamp to the same old plank, after which I reinforce the plank with some stiffening bracket. The installing of this last lamp went over almost without problems, because during the installing of three previous ones I finally learned how to do it the best and easiest way. Now I almost could start my own company for the installing of such lamps. For example, the hardest part of the installing proved to be screwing into the planks four screws that secure the flange of leg which holds the solar panel - while at the same time one balances on the top of too short ladder, and when the screwdriver cannot be pushed too hard in one direction, because such pushing could break the plank. The problem is that these four screws are in fact too close together, while the wide solar panel attached permanently to this flange causes that there is no room to hold the screwdriver with a full hand. As a result, one needs to hold the screwdriver in tips of fingers, while in one turn it can be turned only by a small angle of about 45 degrees, simultaneously at too low pressure the screwdriver slides on the screw head, while if it is pressed harder, then in order to NOT break the plank one at the same time needs to lift this plank with other hand with the same force - all while balancing on the top of a ladder more than 3 meters from the cemented floor. During installing this last, fourth lamp I dropped onto the idea that in order to facilitate my acrobatic fixing the panel, I can firstly cut from cardboard a kind of template imitating the shape of the flange of the panel's leg, whereupon I mark on the template where exactly are these four holes for the screws. On the other hand, after making this template I can firstly drill in the plank four holes of the diameter of screws' core, which later cause that the actual using the screwdriver is much easier, since it does not require the full power and full pressure on screwdriver. (These holes could NOT be drilled without a template, because the size of solar panel prevented access of the drill to flange on the panel's leg.) In total, the fixing of last panel was much easier than the previous ones, i.e. even than those panels which I fixed still on the ground, and it also was done the most correctly and most professionally.
From numerous obstacles, problems and "funs" which in short-term I experienced while installing solar safety lamps described herein, I can conclude that in the long-term work of "moral field" these lamps will prove to be extremely beneficial for some reasons so-far unknown to me - the mechanism of work of which is explained in item #C4.2 from my other web page named morals.htm. Because so drastic work of moral mechanisms practically means that these lamps are to have a crucial significance for some so-far unknown to me vital matters, I am willing to bet here that the matter of these lamps will have a sequel - descriptions of which, I hope, someday I will have the opportunity to share here with the reader.
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Fig. #N1abcd: Here are pictures of the way I installed solar version of four "security lights sensitive to motion" designated for an outdoor installation and use. Four lamps shown here I installed in such a manner that they lit up both, the front door to our flat, as well as the rest of the circumference of the flat, and at the same time their installing to be "climbing as steeply as possible uphill in the moral field". So if I, or my wife, returns now to the flat after nightfall, then after entering into the "field of view" of the motion sensor of the nearest one amongst these lamps, it lit up, so that our way and all our near-door activities are well illuminated by it. Because everything that moves in their "field of view" lit up these lamps, they are also excellent "safety lights" that deter potential criminals from lurking by the door of our flat, or from doing something at the doors or windows of our flat. In addition, the powering of these lamps with the solar electricity adds my own "contribution" towards release of our civilization from the clutches of electric monopolies and cartels that immorally force with their manipulations that dirty for the environment and unjustly expensive grid electricity. (Click on the selected photograph to see it enlarged. In turn if you wish to make it easier to read captions and to simultaneously view photos, then open up for yourself this web page in two windows, out of which in one window set photographs, while in the second window you set for yourself the text of captions for reading.)
Fig. #N1a (top-left): The appearance of four factory packaging from lamps discussed here, called in English the "Motion Sensor Security Light". Each of these packages has dimensions 24x23.5x14 cm. Since I have as many as four such identical packaging, on this photograph I could show prints from all their sides (their front and back and both sides are printed identically). Each package contains: (1) the LED lamp of parameters - weight 2.3 kg, the power 5 Watts, voltage 9 Volts, yield 460 Lumen of white light (460 Lumen is an equivalent to the amount of light generated by the traditional incandescent light bulb of a power little over 50 Watt - so it is enough for a relatively good lighting at the range of up to 12 meters); this lamp has a "motion sensor" built-in permanently and 5 rechargeable batteries size AA, I was impressed by its bulb - it belongs to the type currently of the highest known efficiency; (2) "Amorphous" solar panel with parameters 9 Volt, 1.6 Watt, dimensions 23x23x5cm and weight of 1.7 kg; (3) 5-meter long cable with plug for supplying the electricity from the solar panel to the socket of the lamp; (4) 6 screws needed to install the lamp and the solar panel, plus 6 plastic tubes needed if one attaches them, for example, to brick or to concrete, (5) instructions for installation and use (its installation can be very simple - just attach it with screw to something) . This lamp is "Made in China" by the company named "Urban Solar".
Fig. #N1b (top-right): A photograph taken from the main entrance door to my flat and showing the manner in which I installed the first lamp amongst these described here, by these main door to my flat. This main door are at the east side of our flat. Three-stepped staircase leads to it, while to the left from the staircase there is a kind of "carport roofing" (i.e. a small roof visible on this photo that links our flat with the neighbours' flat on the east side). This "carport roofing" is an extension of roofs of both flats which it links. It is intended to protect from the rain a car parked for the night by the flat. Hence, this lamp I installed at a distance of around 4 meters from the front door - in such a way that it lights up at the same time: the exiting of the car that arrived at night to the flat, the climbing of 3-stepped stairs to the door of the flat, and the opening of front door to the flat. In order the lamp was easier to install, both, the lamp itself, as well as the solar panel which supplies it in electricity, I firstly assembled on the ground by screwing it to an old pine plank (the one visible on the photograph in brown colour), then I attached this plank to the wooden structure of the roof over the "carport" by the main door to the flat. (Notice from the photo how the plank of 2 cm thick bends just under 1.7 kg weight of a single solar panel.) The solar panel I extended beyond the roof of "carport" - so that the entire day it is illuminated by sunlight and charges the rechargeable batteries of that lamp, while I positioned this panel in such a way that it is directed to the north-west - because from my watching of sun it appears that from this direction the NZ sun usually shines the most strongly and is the least veiled by clouds. On the photograph is also visible the similar to mine, the entrance door to another flat adjacent to my own from the eastern side (i.e. the door visible behind the date when the picture was taken), and are also visible two metal hangers for washing (our and the neighbours' one), located under the roofing, but mounted so high that beneath them a car can be parked. Note that when our laundry is left hanging overnight on these hangers, then the motion of this laundry caused by winds also triggers the lighting of the lamp discussed here. However, because the solar light cost me nothing, such triggering of light by wind-moved laundry does not bother me. (It would bother me only if I would use a similar lamp, but powered from the grid, because then I would have to pay for the extra electricity burned because of such nocturnal movements of our washing, while just the wind-caused movements of our washing would support the interests of electrical monopolies and cartels.) A similar situation is with the lamps from "Fig. #N1c" that lit up our garden door - sometimes they are also triggered by wind which strongly moves vegetation within the range of motion sensors of these lamps, but (rather sporadic) night lighting up of these garden lamps also does NOT bother me.
Fig. #N1c (bottom-left): A photograph which illustrates the manner of installing two security lights on the garden (west) wall of our apartment. It was taken in the direction from west to east, from the point by the fence of the garden, at which in "Fig. #G1" from the beginning of that web page is visible a rectangular pot for flowers (near the left edge of this photo here you can even see small walnut twigs which I planted near that pot ). The photograph shows a long pine plank, to the left (northern) end of which are attached two solar panels supply electricity to two safety lamps. (The panel for lamp illuminating the exit door to the garden is that most extended to the left (ie. towards the north direction) out of both panels visible in the photo.) The plank itself is attached by screws to the supports of the roof structure. On the right (south) end of this plank is attached one of the lamps casting light on the exit door to the garden. That lamp can be clearly seen on the background of brick wall by the door. The second lamp hangs under the eaves not far from both solar panels and just behind the corner of the brick wall of the flat. It also illuminates the visible in this photo part of the walkway which leads from the street to the garden and further on to the garden door. On the far right edge of the photo is visible vertical (unpainted) plank, at the top of which is mounted a solar lamp of different design - but also equipped with a motion sensor. At night it illuminates the garden lawn - if anything moves on that lawn. It is described in more detail in item #N2 from this web page. In addition, the photo also shows my large, 120-Watt solar panel described on this web page, for an easy access, cleaning, and watching temporarily placed on the garden table, and also shows a red container covering the battery and inverter for this panel. In the top right corner of the photo visible is the kitchen window of the flat of our (southern) neighbour, as well as a fragment of the wall of the cement bricks which separates our flat from the flat of that neighbour of the south side, plus visible is a kitchen window from our flat.
Fig. #N1d (bottom-right): A photograph of the same pine plank that is shown in "Fig. #N1b", but this time including the mounted to its northern end yet one more motion sensitive solar safety lamp, while on the opposite side - mounted another solar panels. This photograph also shows the entrance door to the flat of our neighbours living on the east side. The door to our flat are identical to doors of our neighbours. Together we also share a roofed "carport" visible in this photo.
Table #N1. Here is a compendium of my purchase costs of the additional solar products which I use to make my flat more free from the dependency on dirty for the environment and unjustifiably expensive grid electricity:
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Date of purchase:
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Name:
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Purpose:
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Key parameters:
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Shop (invoice no):
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Price in NZ$:
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| 2015/04/23 | "Solar Security Light" | Night lighting of flat's main door | 5 Watt, 9 Volt, 460 Lumen | Warehouse Petone (DK:81186/41-482-354) | $60.40 (i.e. $69-12.5%) |
| 2015/04/25 | "Solar Security Light" | Night lighting of flat's garden door | 5 Watt, 9 Volt, 460 Lumen | Warehouse Petone (DK:60989/41-482-354) | $60.40 (i.e. $69-12.5%) |
| 2015/05/01 | Pine plank (not planed) | Installing of the lamp and solar panel above garden door | 420x10x3 cm | Mitre-10 Petone (D#7087) | $8.40 (i.e. 4.20 @ $1.99) |
| 2015/05/09 | Two discounted "Solar Security Lights" | Night-time lit up of the rest of pathways | 5 Watt, 9 Volt, 460 Lumen | Warehouse Petone (DK:34732 SP:LIMA) | $90.60 (i.e. 2x$69 - (25%+12.5%)) |
| 2015/05/09 | Four spare batteries AA NI-MH 1.2VAA600MAH | 4 spare rechargeable batteries AA | 01.2 Volt, NI-MH, AA | Warehouse Petone (DK:34819 SP:ALEX/41-482-354) | $6 (i.e. $9 - (25%+12.5%)) |
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In total:
4 lamps + parts |
Lamps "Made in China"
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Each lamp of the same type
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All lamps for 9V, 5 W
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All lamps purchases in Warehouse
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Sum of cost: NZ $ 225.80
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#N2.
How the purchase and installing of several solar lamps
for illuminating the garden enhances the beauty of the
evening appearance of that garden, as well as safety,
comfort and unfettered use of the flat:
As I repeatedly emphasize it here on this web
page, the electricity generated from solar energy
is incomparably more "moral" than the electricity
from the grid. Therefore, it is our moral duty
towards the nature, to replace, wherever we
can, the equipment for grid electricity by devices
for solar electricity. Unfortunately, although I am
perfectly aware of this obligation already for a long
time, as yet very little solar-powered devices could
be purchased in New Zealand. (This situation began
to improve only slightly from the end of 2014.) Despite
of chronic shortcomings of these devices in stores
of NZ, whenever I managed to find somewhere some
useful for me such devices powered by solar electricity,
and their price was for my pocket, I always tried to
buy them. Two types of these devices I am to describe
now here and in item #N3.
The first devices for solar electricity that began to appear in NZ shops were types of decorative garden lights - by manufacturers called in English "Pathway Lights" or "Bollard Lights". These lights are to be stuck into the ground in gardens to beautify the nocturnal appearance and to indicate the location of something - e.g. the pavement. Therefore, after the acquisition of our apartment in 2012, on 22 and 25 November 2012 I bought 3 lamps of the type "Bollard Light" emitting colour light, while on 27 December 2012 I bought a further 4 lamps type "Bollard Light" glowing with white light. All these "Bollard Light" lamps (except for one), went out of order just a few months later during the next New Zealand winter - so that they operated only for about half a year. In almost all of them electronics have failed, because my exchanges their AAA rechargeable batteries with new ones could NOT revive them. However, to my surprise, one of those lamps (for the white light) is continually working properly until today (this item I wrote on 31 May 2015), which means that it already constantly works for about 2.5 years) - and all this without changing its original battery AAA, and in spite that local blackbirds (which like to sit on the light) already several times torn with their claws the miniature panel from the rest of the light while picking up to the flight. So it is probably the most durable and the oldest on Earth still running Chinese-made garden light that currently exists and continue to work. The pictures of it are shown on "Fig. #N2b" and "Fig. #N2d" below. It is a pity that I do NOT have the conditions and resources to investigate scientifically how it is possible, that the electronics and battery of it have proved to be so viable and durable.
Another amongst of these types of lights, this time called "Pathway Lights", I bought on 2nd May 2015 - as documented in "Table #G2" below. I will now check what is their actual lifespan - though after about 3 weeks of use I can see that it is probably miserable, and that there is rather a small chance that these lamps survived in operating condition over a period of just coming NZ winter.
On 9th May 2015 I also purchased a garden lamp by factory called "Sensor Light" - it is shown on the photograph from "Fig. #N1c" and on "Fig. #N2a". It is a new type. It contains a motion sensor. Normally at nights it lit up only two narrow strips of light. But when someone, or something, comes into the range of its motion sensor, then it lights up the large main lamp, which perfectly illuminates the entire area of my garden lawn. In the future, I will be reporting here to readers my findings regarding its use. As for now, in spite of the NZ winter, it is doing very well.
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(a)
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(b)
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(c)
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(d)
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Fig. #N2a-d: Here are the photographs of these types of garden lamps powered by solar energy, which so far I have acquired and am trying out in my miniature garden. (Click on the selected photograph to see it enlarged. In turn if you wish to make it easier to read captions and to simultaneously view photos, then open up for yourself this web page in two windows, out of which in one window set photographs, while in the second window you set for yourself the text of captions for reading.)
Fig. #N2a (top-left): The appearance of factory packaging for three different types of garden lamps powered by solar energy, which so far I have acquired and am testing in my garden. The highest package includes a garden lamp called the "Sensor Light" (price $NZ 29). It has a build-in motion sensor, so it is lit up when someone enters into the field of view of its sensor. The installing of it documents the photograph from "Fig. #N1c" (see in there the lamp installed on a vertical plank at the right edge of the photograph). The lower-left box contains the lamp by the manufacturer called "Bollard Light" - version of which lamps emitting a white light is the longest operating solar lamp in my current possession. (This my oldest continually operating lamp is shown in "Fig. #N2b" and as the middle lamp in the photo from "Fig. #N2d".) In turn the lower-right box contains a lamp with by the factory is called "Pathway Light", which I bought relatively recently (see "Table #N2"), and thus which testing is only just beginning. The way I installed these lamps shows the photograph from "Fig. #N2d".
Fig. #N2b (top-right): A photograph showing the longest operating solar lamp in my possession. It is called the "Bollard Lamp" and it emits white light. I bought it on 27 December 2012 - that is, until writing this paragraph from this web page, it operated continuously for about two and a half years - and all this without changing its rechargeable battery. Together with this lamp I also purchased four such lamps emitting white light, and three such lamps for coloured light - but electronics all of these other lamps has failed already after about half a year. In the meantime, the solar panel from the top (black) part of the longest running my lamp was torn several times from it by blackbirds starting up their flight after sitting on it (this is why this particular lamp is tied up together with an ordinary sticky tape). Because of the age of this lamp, its originally transparent light-emitting lower part, lost its transparency and become milky - which fact reveals best the photograph from "Fig. #N2d" - which for a comparison with the new (just purchased) garden lamps I placed for the time of photographing between two such new lamps.
Fig. #N2c (bottom-left): A photograph which illustrates the factory packaging of recently purchased two solar Christmas lights, that each year for the period of December I mount in my garden to create a more enjoyable evening hanging out in it. The lights shown here represent only a small example of a large collection of solar Christmas lights which I already have, while after the installing in my garden which turn this garden into a kind of "luminous valley" whole surrounded by waterfalls of Christmas lights and fireworks-like lights that saturate the eyes with their beauty. For now, however, the rest of these lights from my collection is carefully packed in my tiny apartment, while unpacking them only to take their photograph would consume too much my valuable time, the deficit of which I constantly experience. Thus, probably the rest of these lamps I will photograph only at the time of hanging them in my garden at the end of next November. For more information about these solar Christmas lights see item #N3 and "Table #N3" below.
Fig. #N2d (bottom-right): A photograph of two types of solar garden lamps, the operation of which I am currently testing - in their middle for a comparison I showed my longest operating lamp from "Fig. #N2b", while on both sides of it I showed two lamps called "Pathway Lights" - which I bought only recently (for their details see "Table #N2"). Notice how milky is the old transparent plastic lamp in the centre, as compared with transparent plastic-tubes at both its sides. I should also mention here that in spite the lamp "Pathway Lights" I bought only about three weeks ago, their work seems already be failing - probably because of the error in their design (or rather because of improperly selected optical parameters of transparent plastic which covers their solar panels). Apparently the winter sun of NZ does not charge their batteries, so that in the evening when lights are to lit up, they lack electricity to emit light. Earlier I noticed also, that when their batteries are charged, and these lamps I bring to the flat, then during a full day they lit up as if there was already a night - in spite that my flat has several windows and always during the day there is a good light in it. Apparently, to their solar panels covered with transparent plastic, the light polarized through the glass of windows do not seem to arrive. I wonder if their performance will improve after the spring.
Table #N2. Here is a summary of costs of my purchases of solar "garden lamps", by means of which I beautify my miniature garden, while I continue making independent my flat from dirty for the environment and unjustly expensive grid electricity:
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Date of purchase:
|
Name:
|
Purpose:
|
Key parameters:
|
Shop (invoice no):
|
Price in NZ$:
|
| 2012/11/22 | 1 colour garden light "Solar Bollard Light" | Night lit up of the pathway with colour light | 1 LED, Ni-Mh AAA battery, Urban Solar | Warehouse Petone (DK:61510 SP:RACHEL/41-482-354) | $5.60 (i.e. $6.99 - 20%) |
| 2012/11/25 | 2 colour garden lights "Solar Bollard Light" | Night lit up of the pathway with colour light | 2 LED, Ni-Mh AAA battery, Urban Solar | Warehouse Petone (DK:55632 SP:CATHERINE/41-482-354) | $11.20 (i.e. $13.98 - 20%) |
| 2012/12/27 | 4 white garden lights "Solar Bollard Light" | Night lit up of the pathway with white light | 4 LED, Ni-Mh AAA battery, Urban Solar | Warehouse Petone (DK:66143 SP:RACHEL/41-482-354) | $10.50 (i.e. $11.96 - 12.5%) |
| 2013/01/19 | Four spare batteries AAA NI-MH 1.2VAA600MAH | 4 spare batteries AAA | 01.2 Volt, NI-MH, AAA | Warehouse Petone (DK:71797 SP:SHONTY/41-482-354) | $6.20 (i.e. $6.99 - 12.5%) |
| 2013/12/05 | Four spare batteries AAA NI-MH 1.2VAA600MAH | 4 spare batteries AAA | 01.2 Volt, NI-MH, AAA | Warehouse Petone (DK:80195 SP:MARILYN/41-482-354) | $6.50 (i.e. $7.49 - 12.5%) |
| 2015/05/02 | Garden lights "Solar Pathway Light" | Night lit up of the pathway | 2 LED, Ni-Mh AAA rechargeable batteries | Warehouse Petone (DK:34819 SP:ALEX/41-482-354) | $7 (i.e. $7.96 - 12.5%)) |
| 2015/05/09 | Wide-angle lamp "Sensor Light" | Night lit up of the lawn | 0.57 Watt LED, 3.2 Volt, LiFePO4 akumulatorek | Warehouse Petone (DK:34819 SP:ALEX/41-482-354) | $19.10 (i.e. $29 - (25%+12.5%)) |
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In total:
Garden lamps |
All "Made in China"
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There is no need for additional parts
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Each kind of lamp of different parameters
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All lamps from the "Warehouse"
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Total cost: NZ $ 66.10
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#N3.
How solar lights for Christmas trees do enchant with their
beauty the evening hanging out in the summer garden:
In New Zealand the month of December and
Christmas holidays fall in the early part of the
summer. So instead of decorating a Christmas
tree in my tiny flat - for which there is NOT enough
free space, I decided to rather turn into a kind
of Christmas tree the entire my tiny garden (12x6
meters in size). For this purpose, starting from
the after-holiday sell-off in 2013, I began to
systematically buy solar lights for Christmas trees,
which just after each Christmas in some of New
Zealand shops are sold at greatly reduced prices
(typically for 50% of their original price, and sometimes
for even less). As a result, until now, I have already
accumulated an impressive collection of these lights
of various colours and a wide range of patterns of flashing -
a total of up to several thousands of individual LED
bulbs - for details see "Table #N3" and "Fig. #N2c".
Near the end of November I hung up all these Christmas
lights around my tiny garden - in evenings turning
this garden into a kind of valley surrounded by the
ocean of waterfalls flashing lights and colours thus
charming with their beauty. Since I only buy Christmas-tree
lights powered by solar energy and for the outdoor
use, nothing encourages me to limit the duration of
their light output. Hence, they embellish my garden
with the flood lights each successive night until the
advent of the New Year - when, according to the tradition,
I disassemble them. If somehow in an evening there
is an inclement weather, for example, it is raining or
windy, then we can enjoy these lights by looking
through the windows of the flat. If, however, comes
a nice windless and warm weather (which, unfortunately,
in our "windy" part of the NZ occurs rather rarely),
then in the evening me and my wife can sit in the
garden and saturate our eyes with the beauty of
these lights. Fountains of beautiful colored lights
have in fact a magical influence on the human eye
and on an innate sense of beauty. NOT without a
reason people are always eager to watch fireworks,
while, e.g. looking at electrical sparks people find
simply irresistable. Meanwhile, when in my garden
I install all my solar lights for Christmas trees, their
appearance is very similar to the breathtaking waterfalls
of fireworks, or to the incessant glare of lightning.
To be honest, if I lived e.g. in Poland, where holidays
fall in winters, and had over there a garden, then
most probably I would also purchase such solar lights
and also hung them in my garden in the middle of
summer. It is because nothing makes more enjoyable
our evening sitting in the warm garden, as the view
of just such flashing waterfalls of colourful lights.
Table #N3. The summary of my costs of buying some amongst my extensive collection of solar "Christmas lights", with the help of which during warm December evenings I am turning my miniature garden into a kind of valley surrounded by waterfalls of light and colourful beauty:
Notice that to convince me to the advantage of buying such Christmas decorations lights, their price had to firstly be reduced by at least 50%. Hence the original prices of lights listed in the following table were at least two times higher than the price which I paid for them. (For the appearance of packaging of these lights see "Fig. #N2c".)
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Date of purchase:
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Name:
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Purpose:
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Key parameters:
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Shop (invoice no):
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Price in NZ$:
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| 2013/11/20 | 300 LED (colour) solar Christmas lights | Decorative lit up of garden | 300 LED i controller | Mega Petone (D#2576 12-062-486) | $40.00 |
| 2013/12/?? | 300 LED (colour) solar Christmas lights | Decorative lit up of garden | 300 LED i controller | Dick Smith Lower Hutt (???) | $ ?? (around $40) |
| 2014/01/15 | 50 LED (colour) solar Christmas lights | Decorative lit up of garden | 50 LED i controller | Mega Petone (D#7565 12-062-486) | $3.70 |
| 2014/11/01 | 100 hook screws | Mounting solar Christmas lights in garden | 23 mm, Nickel | Bunnings Warehouse Naenae (#006-06715-9473 SP:Terri/24-882-403) | $8.60 |
| 2014/11/20 | 2 chains of 200 LED (colour) solar Christmas "Solar Lights" | Decorative lit up of garden | 200 LED, Ni-Cd AA | Warehouse Petone (DK:38488 SP:NATALIE/41-482-354) | $40 (i.e. 2x$25 - 20%) |
| 2014/11/20 | 1 chain 200 LED (colour) solar Christmas "Solar Lights" | Decorative lit up of garden | 200 LED, Ni-Cd AA | Warehouse Lower Hutt (DK:64012 SP:Nick/41-482-354) | $20 (i.e. 2x$25 - 20%) |
| 2014/12/04 | 3 chains 200 LED (colour) solar Christmas "Solar Lights" | Decorative lit up of garden | 200 LED, Ni-Cd AA | Warehouse Petone (DK:37574 SP:ANDREW/41-482-354) | $60 (i.e. 3x$25 - 20%) |
| 2015/05/09 | 1 chain 110 LED (white) lights "Icicle Lights" | Decorative lit up of garden | 110 LED, Ni-Cd AA | Warehouse Petone (DK:34819 SP:ALEX/41-482-354) | $9.90 (i.e. $15-(25%+12.5%)) |
| 2015/05/09 | 1 chain 100 LED (blue) lights "String Lights" | Decorative lit up of garden | 100 LED, Ni-Cd AA | Warehouse Petone (DK:34819 SP:ALEX/41-482-354) | $8.60 (i.e. $13-(25%+12.5%)) |
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In total:
Outdoor Christmas lights |
All "Made in China"
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The lack of need for additional parts
(apart for hooks)
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Each light has different parameters
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The majority from the "Warehouse"
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In total: NZ $ 190.80 + ??
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Part #P: The practice of a long-term use of my domestic and the anti-cataclysm system for the generation of electricity from solar energy:
#P1. The only information warth of gathering and reporting in such a long-term use concerns the "reliability", "longevity", "efficiency", etc.:
Outcomes of this use I will describe here when I have first data regarding "longevity", "efficiency", etc., of the system described here. The only finding that I gathered so-far concerns my inverter getting out of order - which problem I already described near the end of item #G2 of this web page.Part #R: Reasons for the preparation of this web page:
#R1. Why did I put so much effort into the personal completion and describing here the independent from the electricity grid, anti-cataclysmic home backup system for the generation of electricity from solar energy:
Motto: "Everything that people do has very simple principles, only that imperfections of people complicate the implementation of these principles "
There are already numerous reasons why I personally completed the experiment described on this web page, and why I put such an effort into describing it and publishing it it on this web page. I should mention here at least the most important of them. Here they are:A. My attempt to make people aware that decisions in such a vital matter as solar energy, must be carried out in accordance with the criteria of morality in order to protect the future of mankind from experiencing many of the present problems and sufferings. The philosophy of totalizm teaches us that everything that people do, including decision-making, can be carried out either in a manner consistent with the criteria of morality, or in an immoral manner. But if any decision is made in an immoral way, then NOT only that in the long-term effects it does NOT solve the problem for which it was taken, but it also escalates the destructive power of this problem - as I explain this thoroughly in item #J1 from my web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm. Only the decisions taken in accordance with the criteria of morality actually solve the problems due to which they are taken. The humanity has so far taken a lot of very important decisions in an immoral manner. In this way it brought on its shoulders a whole sea of suffering and problems. Some examples of such immoral decisions are described in the above mentioned item #J1 from the web page pajak_for_mp_2014.htm. Therefore, it is very important that at least in the currently developing technology of solar energy people do NOT made the same mistake again. So I hope that by publishing this web page, I will contribute to a more careful treatment of the matter of solar energy by the people who are to implement this energy.
B. Moja dezaprobacja dla chciwości metod działania kartelu który sprzedaje elektryczność bliźnim współmieszkańcom Nowej Zelandii, oraz moje poczucie moralnego obowiązku aby aktywnie przeciwdziałać tym zachłannym metodom. Jak czytelnik zapewne wie, ja praktykuję w swym życiu najbardziej moralną filozofię dzisiejszego świata jaka dotychczas została wypracowana przez człowieka, zwaną filozofią totalizmu. Filozofia ta zaś nakazuje, abyśmy we wszystkim co czynimy unikali popierania tych ludzkich działań jakie służą niemoralności, krzywdzeniu, wyzyskowi, zachłanności, itp. Tymczasem tak się składa, że żyję w kraju o jednej z najwyższych w świecie cen elektryczności. Na dodatek, elektryczność ta pochodzi głównie z elektrowni wodnych, które były zbudowane kilkadziesiąt lat temu i już wówczas spłacone z podatków obywateli tego kraju. Czyli faktycznie obecnie elektryczność ta jest generowana niemal za darmo, zaś ekonomicznie nieuzasadniona wysokość opłat ściąganych od ludności przez kartel elektryczny łamie sobą podstawowe kryteria moralności. Zgodnie więc zasadami owej filozofii totalizmu, mam obowiązek aktywnego przeciwdziałania poczynaniom tegoż kartelu elektrycznego, np. poprzez zmniejszanie i stopniowe eliminowanie zakupów jego elektryzności, poprzez edukowanie bliźnich, itp. Innymi słowy, filozofia totalizmu zabrania mi m.in. popierania poczynań tego kartelu elektrycznego poprzez płacenie mu jego wygórowanych cen za elektryczność. Aby więc wykonywać owo zalecenie totalizmu i przestać popierać ów kartel elektryczny, od dawna już zdecydowałem się że zamiast kupować elektryczność od owego kartelu, raczej powinienem przestawić na konsumowanie energii elektrycznej generowanej domowym sposobem z energii słonecznej. Niestety, chociaż z zamiarem tym nosiłem się od długiego już czasu, a w 2014 roku wysunąłem go nawet jako jedno z moich ówczesnych haseł wyborczych (patrz "2b" z punktu #D1 na mojej ówczesnej stronie wyborczej o nazwie pajak_for_mp_2014.htm), aż do połowy października 2014 roku NIE mogłem znaleźć w Nowej Zelandii sklepu który sprzedałby mi najistotniejszy podzespół potrzebny do generowania elektryczności z energii słonecznej, czyli sklepu który sprzedałby mi panel ogniw fotowoltaicznych - powody moich trudności ze znalezieniem takiego sklepu wyjaśniłem w punkcie #S1 poniżej na tej stronie. Sklep jaki sprzedał mi ten panel zdołałem odnaleźć dopiero w połowie października 2014 roku, zaś najważniejsze podzespoły potrzebne do zrealizowania pierwszej fazy opisywanego tu projektu zakupiłem dnia 16 października 2014 roku.
C. Przeciwdziałanie otumanianiu mieszkańców NZ. Kolejnym powodem dla przygotowania tej strony są nieczyste sposoby na jakie kartel elektryczny NZ dla coraz łatwiejszego podwyższania swych zysków unieważnia dotychczasowy naukowy i techniczny dorobek ludzkości, oraz na jakie maskuje on swoje manipulacje używając tumaniących ludzi sposobów najlepiej opisywanych staropolskim przysłowiem z motto do punktu #F1 tej strony, stwierdzającym że "w mętnej wodzie łatwiej łowić ryby". Przykładowo, z fizyki i inżynierii wiemy, że istnieją uznane na świecie jednostki dla wyrażania zużycia elektryczności, takie jak watogodzina (Wh) czy kilowatogodzina (kWh). Tymczasem na rachunkach jakie ja otrzymuję od kartelu elektrycznego, moja konsumpcja elektryczności jest wyrażana w, cytuję, "units". Co zaś kryje się pod owymi "units", ja mogę sobie jedynie zgadywać. Takie zaś wprowadzenie owych własnych jednostek zużycia energii elektrycznej, pozwala wyzyskiwać konsumentów aż na szereg sposobów. Przykładowo, uniemożliwia ono konsumentowi szacowanie i porównywanie kosztów elektryczności, jako że konsument NIE wie ile energii elektrycznej faktycznie zużywa. Pozwala np. bezproblemowo podwyższać koszt energii elektrycznej, poprzez zwykłe spowodowanie, że pod owymi "units" kryje się coraz mniej energii elektrycznej. Uniemożliwia konsumentiom porównywanie własnego zużycia energii elektrycznej, ze zużyciem tej energii przez innych ludzi. Itd., itp. Co mnie najbardziej porusza, to że faktycznie nikt w NZ nie podejmuje działań aby ukrócić tego rodzaju praktyki, chociaż aż roi się tu od najróżniejszych kosztownych dla podatników organizacji i instytucji, lukratywne pensje w których jakoby są płacone za ich dbanie o interesy konsumentów i o fairness opłat jakimi obywatele kraju są obciążani.
D. Nieuchronność nadejścia dewastującego kataklizmu. Jeszcze jednym powodem dla przygotowania tej strony jest owa staropolska przepowiednia, którą opisuję w punktach #H1 do #H3 swej strony o nazwie przepowiednie.htm, zaś stwierdzająca, że "ludzkość sama sprowadzi na siebie taką katastrofę i wyludnienie, że człowiek będzie całował ziemię kiedy zobaczy na niej ślady innego człowieka". Ponieważ w dzisiejszych czasach ludzkość nieobliczalnie odchodzi od zachowań jakie wymagane są przez Boga, wszystko wskazuje na to, że urzeczywistnienie owej przepowiedni jest nieuchronne i zapewne będzie zrealizowane już niedługo. Każdy więc rodzaj dużego kataklizmu może zwiastować jej początek. W 2014 roku, takim kataklizmem który nosił wszelkie cechy "światowego", oraz który nosil w sobie właśnie potencjał wyludnienia planety Ziemia, była epidemia eboli którą opisuję m.in. na swej stronie o nazwie plague.htm. Wirusowa choroba zwana "ebola" ma wszakże potencjał aby uśmiercić 9 osób z każdych 10-ciu. Tym samym jest ona w stanie wyludnić ziemię i completnie załamać nasza obecną cywilizacje. Jeśli zaś cywilizacja się załamie, wówczas jedną z pierwszych oznak tego załamania będzie brak dostaw elektryczności z sieci. Stąd posiadanie możliwości domowego generowania elektryczności z energii słońca byłoby jednym ze sposobów bronienia się przed następstwami owego kataklizmu.
E. Chęć dołożenia własnej cegiełki w ochronę naturalnego środowiska naszej planety. Nasza planeta pomału umiera. Najwięcej zaś szkody w jej uśmiercaniu powodują brudne metody generowania potrzebnej ludziom energii. Aby więc dołożyć moją własną cegiełkę do pomniejszania szkód jakie ludzie wyrządzają naturze, aktywnie się staram aby ten fragment energii elektrycznej jaki ja konsumuję, generować czystą metodą pozyskiwania energii słonecznej.
Part #S: Whatever we do, we always arrive to the matter of morality:
#S1. The meaningfull history of my efforts to build a home system for the generation of electricity from solar energy:
Mój zamiar aby kiedyś w przyszłości osobiście zbudować system do słonecznego generowania elektryczności skrystalizował się w mojej świadomości w 1998 roku - aczkolwiek w mojej podświadomości zapewne tkwił on już od urodzenia. Wszakże już od wielu lat wcześniej prowadziłem aktywne badania nad tzw. "urządzeniami darmowej energii" - a nawet sam wynalezłem jedno z takich urządzeń o nazwie bateria telekinetyczna. Kiedy więc w tamtym 1998 roku zlecono mi wykładanie podstaw inżynierii elektrycznej, w ramach owych wykładów ja sam miałem m.in. okazję aby poznać dokładnie teorię "energii słonecznej" - czyli teorię na temat podstawowych podzespołów i działania systemów do generowania elektryczności ze światła słonecznego. To mi uświadomiło, że w przeciwieństwie do "urządzeń darmowej energii", których technologia musi dopiero być wypracowana, "energia słoneczna" ma już istniejącą technologię, która jest dobrze już rozpracowana i gotowa do natychmiastowego użycia. Z czasów młodości pozostał mi też nawyk, że cokolwiek zainteresuje i przekona mnie teoretycznie, zawsze potem usiłuję to zrealizować i poznać praktycznie. Chodzi bowiem o to, że dokładne poznanie teorii czegoś stanowi mniej niż połowę wiedzy jaka się w tym kryje. Aby zaś poznać resztę tej wiedzy, trzeba to coś zrealizować praktycznie. Z tego powodu, tamto teoretyczne poznanie technologii "energii słonecznej" zaindukowało we mnie potrzebę, abym osobiście zbudował sobie niewielki system do domowego generowania elektryczności z energii słonecznej. Niestety, aby przetrwać w dzisiejszym świecie, aż do 2012 roku zmuszony byłem prowadzić życie koczownicze. Nie miałem więc domu ani mieszkania - czyli miejsca gdzie mógłbym urzeczywistnić ten zamiar. Własne mieszkanie (z niewielkim ogródkiem o wymiarach 6x12 metrów) zakupiłem sobie dopiero w lutym 2012 roku. Natychmiast więc po tym zakupie podjąłem w okolicznych sklepach intensywne poszukiwania podzespołów wymaganych do zestawienia takiego systemu "energii słonecznej". Począwszy jednak od marca 2014 roku, poszukiwania te zmuszony byłem przerwać na ponad półroczny okres czasu, ponieważ całą moją uwagę, energię i czas zaabsorbowały wówczas sprawy opisywane na stronie o nazwie pajak_do_sejmu_2014.htm.Kiedy począwszy od lutego 2012 roku podjąłem poszukiwania tych podzespołów, już wkrótce odkryłem, że najważniejszego z nich, i.e. panelu z ogniwami fotowoltaicznymi, NIE daje się znaleźć w żadnym z nowozelandzkich sklepów do jakich zdołałem dotrzeć. Podobna sytuacja istnieje też zresztą i z innymi powszechnie poszukiwanymi częściami i podzespołami, jakich także w Nowej Zelandii NIE daje się zakupić. Ich przykładami mogą być podzespoły omówione w (1) z punktu #D5 strony o nazwie pajak_do_sejmu_2014.htm, Wyjaśnienia szeptane w NZ na temat powodów owej niemożności zakupu w sklepach NZ najbardziej istotnych części i podzespołów stwierdzają, że szefowie lukratywnych biznesów, które zarabiają krocie na instalowaniu tych podzespołów, po prostu dogadali się ze swymi szkolnymi kolegami lub krewnymi, którzy mają wpływy w najważniejszych sieciach sklepowych NZ, aby owe sklepy NIE sprzedawały takich najbardziej kluczowych części i podzespołów. Wszakże NZ ma tylko 2 stopnie oddzielenia (związku znajomościowego) pomiędzy ludźmi. Ten więc kto zechce, może w niej ogromnie łatwo znaleźć osobę z grona swoich znajomych lub kolegów szkolnych, która to osoba zajmuje jakieś ważne stanowisko w wybranej sieci sklepowej. Wszakże w takim 2-stopniowym społeczeństwie, praktycznie każdy jego obywatel zna kogoś, kto już pracuje na ważnym stanowisku w tej sieci. Oczywiście, ta sytuacja NIE ma miejsca np. w 5-stopniowych Chinach, gdzie każdy znałby kogoś, kto znałby kogoś, kto znałby kogoś, itp., zaś dopiero 5-ta osoba w owym łańcuchu znałaby kogoś na poszukiwanym stanowisku. Na bazie więc podobieństwa opisanego powyżej. zmuszony byłem sobie dopowiedzieć, że moja niemożność zakupu w NZ panelu z ogniwami fotowoltaicznymi wynikała z faktu, że w NZ istnieje już sporo firm jakie dosyć dobrze zarabiają instalując te panele na domach co bogatszych mieszkańców. W niemal nieustannie wstrząsanej kataklizmami Nowej Zelandii istnieje zaś spore zainteresowanie w posiadaniu odpornego na kataklizmy systemu generacji elektryczności z energii słonecznej. Aby więc spróbować jakoś obejść naokoło tą nabywczą przeszkodę, kiedy w maju 2014 roku wyjechałem na wakacje do kraju, o którym wiem iż panele słoneczne są w nim produkowane, wówczas tam też podjąłem poszukiwania czy NIE dałoby się u nich kupić takiego panelu z ogniwami fotowoltaicznymi, poczym przywieźć ten panel do NZ w mojej drodze powrotnej. Okazało się jednak, że na przekór iż ich fabryki produkują takie panele, także i tam paneli tych NIE można zakupić, a jedynie można tam zamówić ich zainstalowanie na dachu swego domu przez firmę monopolizującą tam dostawy elektryczności - która to firma instaluje tam tylko systemy bezakumulatorowe (te opisywane w punktach #A1, #B5 i #F3 niniejszej strony) jakie uzależniają od owej firmy wszystkich właścicieli takich systemów. Najtańszy zaś z systemów słonecznych instalowanych tam przez ów monopol elektryczny kosztuje tam aż tyle, co odpowiednik ceny zakupu relatywnie nowoczesnego małego mieszkania.
Przez jakiś szczęśliwy zbieg okoliczności, w połowie października 2014 roku zdołałem w swoich poszukiwaniach przypadkowo natrafić na sklep, który miał na sprzedaż panele ogniw fotowoltaicznych. Co ciekawsze, sklep ten okazał się być niedaleko od mojego mieszkania. Prawdopodobnie też jedynym powodem dla którego miał on te panele, było że sklep ów istnieje jedynie od listopada 2013 roku, czyli w chwili kiedy go znalazłem istniał on jedynie od 11 miesięcy. Stąd NZ firmy które żyją z lukratywnego instalowania tych paneli zapewne NIE zdążyły jeszcze się "dogadać" z jego właścicielami czy kierownictwem, aby ci zaprzestali sprzedaży owych paneli. (W tym przypadku takie ich "dogadanie się" trudnym też czyni fakt, że właścicielami owego sklepu są Australijczycy, a NIE Nowozelandczycy.) Oczywiście po odkryciu gdzie mogę nabyć wymagany panel, natychmiast go kupiłem - stąd zaś się wzięła niniejsza strona.
W powyższej historii rzuca się w oczy aż kilka faktów. Najważniejszy z nich ujawnia, że planeta Ziemia, a stąd i cała ludzkość, jest wyniszczana ludzką zachłannością. Wszakże to ludzka chciwość na pieniądze powoduje, że praktycznie wszystko co niszczy naszą planetę i wykańcza ludzi, NIE może być zastąpione czymś znacznie lepszym i nieniszczącym co już istnieje, ponieważ ktoś kto zarabia na tym wyniszczaniu utraciłby swoje zyski. Kolejny istotny fakt ujawnia, że jeśli w jakiś moralnie poprawny projekt włoży się wystarczającą ilość swego wysiłku, wówczas zawsze w końcowym efekcie projekt ten daje się urzeczywistnić - tyle tylko, że często końcowy efekt tego projektu NIE jest warty ilości wysiłku jaki trzeba w niego włożyć aby doprowadzić go do końca.
Part #T: Let us search for the wisdom and courage to understand and to try improve the current situation of entire human civilisation, which was successful in committing a suicide, and thus since 11th September 2001 which is gradually dying:
(Make a note of that this "part #T" of the web page has been added to it only in October 2015, i.e. when the writing of almost all the rest of it was completed. Therefore, the present "part #U" on this web page until recently was labelled as "part #T" - while, for example, the current item #U1 is actually a former item #T1.)
#T1.
What is behind the statement that "on 11th September 2001
the entire our civilization has already passed through the 'point of
NO return' in its efforts to commit a suicide, while now it is dying gradually":
Motto: "Watch out for punishments for serially committed immoralities - after all, due to the irreversible (permanent) removal of all the benefits that resulted from committing these immoralities, such punishments can totally take away from notoriously immoral intellects (among others, from the entire our present civilization) the ability to survive."
In English there is that meaningful phrase "point of NO return". It, however, does NOT have an exact equivalent in many other languages, e.g. in Polish. Although it can be translated into other languages as e.g. "the point beyond which there is NO road back", but such a translation does NOT reflects the richness of meaning that is hidden behind that phrase. Thus, probably it is much more advantageous to explain on an example as to what exactly this "point of NO return" means. In such an explanation I am using the example of a modern airport, from which takes off a heavy aircraft (e.g. a passenger airliner). The airport has a finite length, therefore the plane must lift into the air before the end of the runway - otherwise the plane would crash, and all the people flying in it may die. However, in order to lift up into the air, this airplane must achieve on the runway a certain speed - so that its wings "catch the lifting force". But at each of its speed there is a specific length of the runway which is necessary to stop the aircraft. So if a plane was taking off, but in the course of that takeoff the pilot realized that for some reason it will not be able to achieve the speed required for lifting into the air before the end of the runway, then it is able to stop and to turn back (e.g. to retry its attempt to take off) only in case, if the pilot starts to brake before the point from which the rest of the length of the runway exceeds the length needed for the brake. Thus, at each airport there is such a point, which can just be called the "point of NO return" beyond which there is a lack of sufficient length of the runway for the aircraft to be able to brake on it. If, before reaching that point of no return, a given airplane did not obtain the required speed and did NOT start to brake, then the smashing of this airplane becomes inevitable because of the running out of the sufficient length of the runway.In item #E2 from my web page named totalizm.htm and in items #B2 to #B2.3 from other my web page named mozajski_uk.htm, I explained, that from the point of view of the morality there are two types of so-called "intellects", namely an "individual intellect" (i.e. a single person) and a "group intellect" (i.e. for example a family, factory, city, nation, state, or our entire civilization). Both of these types of intellects have the ability to lead its own independent life. Also both of them are obliged to fulfil thoroughly the moral requirements imposed on us by God - otherwise they are severely punished by God for breaking God's commandments and laws. An interesting curiosity of "point of no return" is that if one analyzes the atheistic philosophy of today's official human science, then according to the canons of that philosophy the "group intellects" do NOT have their "point of no return". However, notice here, that the present official science avoids announcing publicly this fact - namely avoids announcing that in accordance with canons of its philosophy the "group intellects" do NOT have their "point of no return". But this fact can be deduced from its philosophy. Furthermore, the official science is actually acting according to what these canons imply. For example, the science is NOT ordering an immediate cessation of the use of all pesticides and mobile phones (even that such a warrant it had an obligation to officially publish a long time ago), so that bees could be saved from extinction, nor, for example, it commands that our civilization diligently and on all possible ways seeks new manners of generating energy. On the contrary, the official science actually encourages the use of pesticides and mobile phones - as it derives significant benefits from them. Simultaneously it also prohibits and blocks the search for new energy sources in areas where it is already known that these sources are hidden - because a success in this quest would undermine the credibility of the most basic doctrines of present science (for more information see my web page free_energy.htm, web page eco_cars.htm, or web page telekinetics.htm). In other words, according to canons of today's atheistic philosophy of human science, the "group intellects" cannot be destroyed only because, for example, they run out of something. This is because the philosophy of that science implies, that in a case of the disappearance of something (goods) absolutely necessary for the survival, a given group intellect always has the possibility to find something else that will replace these missing goods. However, from the everyday life we know for sure, that what implies the philosophy of the official science is NOT true - after all many group intellects for certain are destroyed because of the lack of access to something absolutely necessary for their survival, for example, to money, raw materials, demand for their goods, effective governance, employment and earnings, etc. - e.g. consider the fate of many of today's countries which break down and are dying as their citizens are rioting because of a lack of work and wages. At this point please notice also what about the death or destruction of "group intellects" is explained in item #N2 of the web page named pajak_re_2017.htm - namely, that their death does not necessarily mean a physical destruction and disappearance, and sometimes it can only boil down to a complete change of laws and principles under which they exist and operate. (E.g. the moment of death of the communist Poland was also the moment of birth in its place of the current third-RP - i.e. at the time of its death the former group intellect such as Poland physically did NOT disappear or has not been completely destroyed, but only drastically and completely changed the laws and principles under which the newly born then Republic of Poland began to exist and operate, and also it got rid of people who imposed on it the former way of existing and operating.) Of course, such a change in the rules of existence and operation in practice must also mean that some "individual intellects" (i.e. some individual people) that were indispensable for the existence and operation of a dying group intellect, must die or be exchanged for others.
The research conducted in accordance with the different philosophical approaches of the new so-called "totaliztic science" (i.e. this new science that has been described in more detail in items #C1 to #C6 from my web page named telekinetics.htm), reveal how emerged this discrepancy between of what happens in the real life, and of what about the "point of NO return" imply canons of the philosophy of the old official science. Namely, as we know, the canons of the philosophy of the old official atheistic science were created for the assumption that God does NOT exist, and thus they apply only to a world without God. Meanwhile, we live in a world ruled with an iron hand by the all-knowing God. While in the world ruled by God "points of NO return" actually do exist for all kinds of intellects, including all group intellects, because these points are formed by God's punishments for serially committed immoralities - which punishments depend on irreversible (permanent) removal of the benefits theat were results of committing these immoralities (for a more detailed description of these irreversible punishments from God - see item #N2 from my web page named pajak_re_2017.htm). Of course, the actual existence of this "point of NO return" is also confirmed by extensive evidence - the best example of which is the deliberately ignored and suppressed by the present official science numerous items of evidence for the existence of the biblical "great flood" (e.g. the evidence in the form of fossilized logs of trees that are oriented vertically and penetrate all the way through several successive geological layers - each of which layers according to the claims of official science supposedly had to settle down for a period of several million years, while the life expectancy of these logs of trees penetrating through all these layers typically could not exceed a thousand years). Notice here the fact that, for example, the date of giving by God the command to Noah to built his ark, was just one of those "points of NO return" for the entire humanity of that time. On the other hand, the fact of existence of such "points of NO return" brings to us a lot of weighty consequences. For example, the existence of these points reveals that the date of September 11, 2001 represented the moment of passing by the entire our present civilization through another of such "points of NO return", and thus that right now the entire our present civilization, considered a "group intellect", is in the process of gradual dying. (A turning point of the date of 11th September 2001, as the beginning of the current deadly "neo-medieval epoch" is explained in item #K1 and in "table #K1" from the web page named tapanui.htm.) Moreover, the existence of this "point of NO return" also confirms further the fact, that we do NOT live in a world without God (as falsely tries to convince us the present official science), but that the fate of our civilization is ruled with an iron hand by the all-knowing God. (For an extensive evidence concerning the existence of God, see, e.g. my web pages named god_proof.htm, god.htm, or changelings.htm.)
#T2.
So here is that, despite (and because of) the having of all these
well-paid professional scientists and politicians, our civilization
still managed to commit a suicide and is now slowly dying in front of our eyes:
Motto: "The majority of today's people listen to the so-called 'voice of reason' only if the circumstances in which they find themselves forced them to do this listening" (i.e. that majority of people is acting according to the basic principles of the philosophy of parasitism stating that "do only whatever you are forced to do"):
The humanity has received a sufficient number of warnings, that if it does not change its behaviours, then the cataclysm is to come. After all, such warnings are contained in the prophecies from the Bible. For centuries warned us also the folk wisdom - e.g. see items #H1 to #H3 from my web page named prophecies.htm. Many wise people have repeated similar warnings already since about a half of the twentieth century. Recently even warns us the nature itself - for examples see item #C5.1 from my web page named newzealand.htm, or item #N2 from my web page named pajak_re_2017.htm. However, all this for no avail. On 11th September 2001 the humanity has taken actions that moved it beyond this threshold point in its history, which in English is called with the discussed above meaningful name of "the point of No return". These actions in practice were equivalent to committing a suicide by the entire humanity. So starting from that date of September 11, 2001 our entire civilization is slowly dying and it happens before our eyes. Meanwhile, the life in a dying civilization generates a lot of problems which previously no man was forced to experience. After all, the dying civilization not only that imposes on us the requirement that in order to survive, each one of us must individually defend ourselves and get free from consequences of immoral actions of greedy corporations, politicians, policy makers, scientists, and many other people (of the type of actions described in previous items of this web page, e.g. in items #F3 and #B5), but it also creates a lot of additional life requirements resulting from the hindering our daily lives by consequences of the immoral acting of a series of successive generations of politicians, governments, policy makers, scientists, etc. In the items that are to follow I will try to explain and describe not only "why" and "how" this "point of NO return" has been passed by the entire mankind, and how we can individually defend ourselves from the consequences of that passing, but also try to describe examples of these problems, with which the present situation of a dying humanity has confronted me, and to explain to the reader on a widely revealed examples how I am already defending myself from adverse consequences of this dying process. After all, if these problems have already managed to get to me, there is also a high probability that they caught up already (or soon will hunt down) the reader of this web page as well. After all, according to the explanations of the philosophy of totalizm described in items #A2.8 and #E2 from my web page named totalizm.htm, each one of us is personally responsible for the immoralities that commits any out of the "group intellects" to which we belong. And we all belong to the group intellect which is the whole of our civilization. So each one of us after the so-called "time of return" is individually punished for every immorality committed by our entire civilization, just as God is punishing accomplices in the committing of such immorality. On the other hand, in the case that the reader if affected by the same as me, or by similar, problems, then the reader probably would benefit from learning descriptions of how I attempted to solve them or to defend myself from them.
#T3.
No matter on which issue one would focus the attention,
immediately catches the one's eye, how oppositely to the way
required by God that issue is handled by present people -
for which mishandling, of course, God must severely
punish these people:
On a number of my web pages and publications,
for example in item #N2 from the web page named
pajak_re_2017.htm,
or in items #B2 to #B2.3 from another page named
mozajski_uk.htm,
I explained and documented on evidence, that
God imposed on people
a set of strict requirements (which I call "morality"
or "moral criteria") that explain how these people
have to live, then with the iron consequence God
punishes every human deviation from these
requirements. These requirements God
has made available to people in writing in the form
of content of the
Bible,
and also tells them to each person in the form of whispers
of his/her conscience, while since 1985 in addition He allows
also me to explain them through the scientific findings of the
philosophy of totalizm
and the content of the theory of
everything called the
Concept of Dipolar Gravity.
Unfortunately, despite of this, since the time of implementation of television to our everyday life, people are increasingly moving away from the divine requirements. Until today, this departure became so significant, that almost as a rule present people act almost exactly the opposite of what God required of them. For example, in item #J1 of the web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm I provided the results of my analysis of today's actions of governments, which indicate that almost everything that today's governments do or decide, is breaking various moral criteria. In other words, instead of acting for the people, almost everything that today's governments do or decide is aimed against the people. On the other hand, in item #G3 from the web page named prophecies.htm, in a slightly humorous way I try to document that if nowadays Jesus appeared on Earth and tried to do the same good, which He did over 2000 years ago, then in practically every His exemplary morally-correct action He would break in various ways a whole range of present human laws. In a similar manner, in items #F3 and #B5 of this web page I try to realize, that against the good of people works also the majority of today's corporations - even those ones which by definition supposed to serve the people. In turn, these human activities which break somehow strict criteria of morality, bring God's punishments to people. Of course, to NOT destroy in humans the so-called "free will", these punishments from God are so served, that into each one of them are embedded at least three different sets of evidence, which allow that depending on someone's outlook a given punishment could be explained in at least 3 different ways - for more details see item #C2 on my web page named tornado.htm. But no matter how these punishments from God someone would explain, still they make increasingly difficult our daily lives in the same significant manner. With the elapse of time, the level of their difficulty is to reach such a height, that the life as people knew it so-far, NO longer is to be possible. So in that soon coming time, only those few people are going to survive, who will gain the required motivation and will be able to adopt to cataclysmic conditions of life on Earth.
#T4.
So let us learn the cause-effect chain that caused our entire
civilization to pass this "point of NO return" on 11th of September 2001:
The gradually acquired habits described in
the previous item, that starting from the time
of dissemination of television, many leaders,
policy makers, scientists and other people, commit
serial immoralities aimed at quick and easy
gaining various benefits, began to bring severe
punishments from God at the entire mankind.
On the other hand, in serving these punishments
God implements the principle described in item
#N2 on the web page named
pajak_re_2017.htm,
namely that the punishments
for repetitive immoralities committed serially, take the
form of irreversible (permanent) removal from given
intellects of the benefits which were the results of
these serial immoralities. In turn the
irreversibility (permanency) of the elimination of
these benefits means, that they remain in force
until the death of the intellect which committed
given immoralities. Because since the time of
spread of television our civilization as a whole
began to commit serially an increasingly larger
number of immoralities, at a certain point in our
history, these serial immoralities practically started
to cover every aspect of life of our civilization.
That breakthrough point in our history turns out
to be the date of 11th of September 2001. In turn
since for each of these serial immoralities, after
the so-called "time of return" our civilization
is to receive an irreversible (permanent) punishment
that is to trouble it until the end of its life, the actual
covering by these punishments of every aspect of
life of the humanity practically means, that from
the moment when "times of return" are to arrive
for all these punishments, the humanity as a single
"group intellect" will NOT be able to keep alive
and must die. (The term "time of return" is explained
more comprehensively in items #C4.2 and #A4 from
the web page named
morals.htm.)
Of course, when the whole "group intellect" constituting
the humanity is to die, then many individual people,
who will be charged with the personal responsibility
for immoralities that were committed by the whole
humanity, will also have to die. (Notice from explanations
in items #A2.8 and #E2 of my web page named
totalizm.htm,
that by the personal responsibility for immoralities committed
by a group intellect to which one belongs, is charged each
individual participant of that intellect, who is aware that
these immoralities are committed, however, who remains
passive towards them and actually does nothing to try to
prevent these immoralities or repair their consequences.)
#T5.
What then can be predicted already now about the future
fate of our civilization after on 11th September 2001 it
passed through this "point of NO return":
Motto: "Starting from the date when a given intellect passes through the 'point of NO return', for it always events are taking place only in one direction - i.e. always only toward increasingly worse."
From the content of "table #K1" explained and shown by item #K1 from my page named tapanui.htm stems quite unambiguously that the next (fifth in turn) era on Earth will be the last era of the mortal humanity. At the time of its duration the selected representatives of humanity must experience everything that later will be required for a correct operation of the immortal mankind from the next (sixth) era. For example, it must learn the rules of a rapid travel through space (i.e. to build and to use the Magnocraft and the Telekinetic Vehicle), it must learn and experience the work of time - after all the vehicle in the Bible called the "New Jerusalem" (in which the immortal humanity will be learning about, and experience, the physical universe) will be just a Time Vehicle - for details see item #J3 from the web page named malbork_uk.htm, etc., etc. However, learning and understanding of the knowledge which is required from the mortal humanity of the last (fifth) era, would not be possible if the humanity continued the current philosophy, current attitudes, behaviours, etc. Therefore, in order the next era could come to Earth, all those people out there, who now are carriers of philosophy, views, attitudes, stands, behaviours, etc., currently prevailing on Earth, before the arrival of next era must be eliminated from impacting on the principles on which the whole of humanity works, and must be replaced by people who will be more appropriate for the next era. Unfortunately, for many of today's people, whose philosophies, beliefs, attitudes, etc., turn out to be no longer possible to change, this their replacement by other people practically will mean that they will have to die. Of course, this their extinction, does NOT need to be spectacular and highly tragic in each case (i.e. similar to that one to which we are accustomed due to today's action-packed films), and in some cases may also take a form such as dying due to obesity or overeating, or dying because indeed, for example, someone slipped on a banana peel. Also today's methods and principles of governance will have to be changed - for example, today's democracies (which facilitate the acquisition by the people of passivity, indifference, irresponsibility, etc.) will have to be replaced by governing individuals (i.e. by the "autocracies" (dictatorships), which promote the induction in humans of activities, interests, responsibilities, etc.) - which process of gradually replacement of democracies by governing individuals we are already seeing as it began and is deepening on Earth.Additional information about "what" and "how" is to change in the course of gradually coming and deepening the dying of today's humanity, the reader will find, among others, in items #H3 and #H1 from my web page named prophecies.htm, in item #K1 from the web page tapanui.htm, in item #N2 from the web page pajak_re_2017.htm, and in items #B2 to #B2.3 from the web page mozajski_uk.htm.
#T6.
How to defend and prepare ourselves to what will soon come to us together
with the stage of agony in the process of dying of our present civilization:
Theoretically speaking, the defence against
the experiencing of fate intended for those
people, who will have become extinct together
with the death of present human civilization,
is simple. After all, in order to effectively defend
ourselves from the death, ones only need to
convince God that they acquired and already
display all the characteristics that are needed
practically in all the people living in next
(fifth) era of the abovementioned "table #K1"
from the web page
tapanui.htm.
However, in practice this proving that one is fit for living in the next era will be difficult and laborious. After all, this proving will require a drastic shift in the way of thinking, ideas, attitudes, knowledge, mode of action, activeness, etc. For example, one will need to become active (instead of the current passivity), one will need to get into the habit of personal overcoming of difficulties (rather than, as now, passively awaiting until someone else has beaten them), one will need to learn how to distinguish what in fact is moral from what in fact is immoral (rather than, as at present, to believe in what others say on this subject) and to learn how in one's own actions one needs to implement doing only what is moral, one also will need to learn the "a priori" approach to the scientific accumulation of knowledge, and to NOT rely only on the approach "a posteriori" of the present official science (that "a priori" approach most accurately is described in items #C1 to #C6 from my web page named telekinetics.htm), etc., and the like.
So if the reader wishes to already start to learn, what is associated with such adoption of oneself to thinking in the next (fifth) era of the humanity, then I would recommend that independently from undertaking a systematic study of the Bible, the reader also studies the entire my web page named totalizm.htm, and the entire my web page named dipolar_gravity.htm, as well as in addition at least item #N2 from the web page named pajak_re_2017.htm and items #C4.2 to #C4.7 from the web page named morals.htm. For the technically gifted persons favourable and beneficial would also be to read the web pages named immortality.htm, magnocraft.htm, and propulsion.htm.
#T7.
Examples of the most representative amongst the permanent
penalties for serial violations of the criteria of morality that flood
now the humanity because God is forced to already punish
the humanity with the permanent withdrawal of various benefits -
which penalties I personally am experiencing already now (like
every other participant of the present humanity), while correcting
consequences of which penalties I needed to learn and implement:
Motto: "Are 'distortions' and 'mutilations', such as the appearance of tattoos in intimate areas of bodies, piercing noses, tongues, breasts or genitals, acquiring the taste for today's music and weird 'masterpieces' of current artists, etc., manifestations of mutations of the humanity - similarly like described below appearances of patches of white feathers in blackbirds from NZ are signs of birds’ mutations? After all, in the Middle Ages just such symptoms accompanied the degeneration of medieval humanity."
Let us now have a look at examples of the most representative (and illustrative) amongst penalties for serial violations of criteria of morality, which penalties are served currently to the humanity - i.e. the penalties which for the present humanity are already irreversible (permanent) in nature, so that they no longer can be removed until the death of the present human civilization. Of course, the humanity already receives far more of these types of punishments than I can describe below, while their number is growing increasingly faster - after all, our civilization has committed already (and still is committing) serial immoralities in virtually every area of its life (for several other examples of similar punishments see items #B2 to #B2.3 from the web page mozajski_uk.htm, and see my other descriptions referred in those items). Nevertheless, here I describe only those punishments which so far also significantly disturbed my life, and thus against the consequences of which I was forced to find some form of self-defence. After all, the purpose of the entire this "part #T" is to inspire the reader to active reflection, exploration, actions and defence, while these descriptions are merely examples of methods and ways with which I am trying to defend myself from these irreversible (permanent) penalties. Of course, these descriptions in the future I probably will continue to expand as soon as I am to arrive at suitable for public disclosure examples of further methods of defence against the consequences of such irreversible (permanent) punishments, which for me personally make the life most difficult - only that working out (and trying out in practice, plus describing) the methods of defence against them takes a lot of time. Here are these examples of irreversible (permanent) penalties, along with descriptions as how I am trying to solve and to overcome difficulties in life introduced by them:(1) The extinction of bees and the need to manually pollinate fruit trees and vegetables. The fact that bees are disappearing at an alarming rate, the humanity knows already for a long time. For a long time it is also already known to us "why". Examples of this "why" I am explaining, among others, in item #J1 from the web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm - where I discussed the immoral implementation of the so-called "pesticides" to the common use, as well as I am explaining, among others, in item #C5.1 from the web page named newzealand.htm - where I discuss the consequences of the insistent use by our civilization of deadly short radio waves from our mobile phones. After all, these short radio waves, among others, resonate in bodies of bees (as well as induce cancer in humans). Instead of using them, the humanity could already introduce to use for the communication purposes completely safe for humans and for fauna so-called "telepathic waves". After all, the devices and the principles of transmission and reception of these safe for people and for wildlife telepathic waves, are also already known to us. Unfortunately, instead of researching and developing them, the official human science ignores all the knowledge about them, just as it ignores my theory of everything called the Concept of Dipolar Gravity - which allowed, among others, the discovery of telepathic waves and the explanation of their work. Telepathic waves, and devices that use them, I am describing, among others, in items #E1 to #E3.2 from my web page named telepathy.htm. However, in spite of having knowledge of what harms bees and how to eliminate the source of that harm, so far neither the whole of humanity, nor the official science persistently holding its lucrative monopoly, nor even the politicians wielding great power, have done anything to remedy this problem. As a result, starting from around 2008, e.g. in the township of Petone, in which I live, typically I see only one or two bees throughout the entire summers. Until 2012 that chronic shortage of bees in Petone did NOT affect me personally. However, in 2012 I bought for myself a small flat with a tiny garden measuring 12x6 meters - pictures of fragments of which garden I am providing, among others, in "Fig. #G1" and "Fig. #N1c" from this web page. In that garden I planted a few fruit trees, and I am trying to plant some vegetables (e.g. tomatoes and sunflowers). But it turns out, that there is no-one to pollinate them, because of the lack of bees. So in the spring of 2015 I decided to try the hand pollination of my fruit trees - because since a long time I know that, for example, growers of tomatoes and kiwi fruits do such hand pollinations. (For example, in response to the immoral destruction of a massive amount of kiwifruits by producers of kiwifruit from NZ, only to raise the prices, God caused that apparently the imported to NZ pollen necessary to pollinate kiwifruit, which pollen was imported from the country where there is a PSA kiwifruit disease, caused the destruction of kiwifruit trees, and hence also the production of kiwifruit, in the most parts of NZ - for details see item #D5 from my web page named fruit.htm.) I have, however, a lot of problems with the manual pollination of my fruit trees. For example, to effectively carry pollen from one flower to another flower, one must use the right kind of gentle brush. During my holiday in Kuala Lumpur in 2015, I acquired two very delicate (and expensive) brushes used for Chinese calligraphy. They work perfectly, because pollen adheres just by itself to their soft natural bristle. But in my tiny garden I planted more than just two kinds of fruit trees. For example, already now in it grow plums, peaches, cherries, sour cherries, pears, lemons, orange, feijoa, nuts, mulberries, gooseberries, red currents, black berries, and various kinds of grapes. But in order to not waste their inflorescence, every kind of fruit trees must be pollinated with the pollen only appropriate for their type. So I need at least 10 such brushes - each of which should have the size appropriate to the flower's diameter. So in addition I bought in New Zealand two sets of local brushes for artist picture painting. Unfortunately, probably they have an artificial bristle, because instead of taking pollen, their invisible to the naked eye bristling hooks detach from flowers the entire pollen bags. In addition, in practice it turned out that transferring pollen manually from flower to flower, is a real big job - considering that even small fruit trees already have hundreds of flowers. Thus moving pollen even in small trees takes me a whole day, while this process must be repeated every day for as long as a week of time - since I do NOT know when the conditions for the pollination of flowers are the most appropriate. The point is that when I find out if the pollination was effective, for to improvement of the situation will be too late - as all the flowers will then have withered. To this is added the problem of hybrid trees. For example, the most delicious pears of present times, called the "Doyenne du Comice", or "DDC", cannot be pollinated with own pollen, and must use pollen from other self-pollinated pears. Therefore, in my garden I planted also two such self-pollinated pears, i.e. "Conference" and "Winter Nelis'. These, however, also create problems, because they do not want to synchronize the date of their flowering with the date of flowering of my "Doyenne du Comice". A similar problems generate hybrid cherries, for example the "Summit" - which must be pollinated by different self-pollinated cherries, for example by "Sam" or by "Lapins", and also generate every other hybrid fruit tree. In other words, when the bees die out completely, I do not see that people are able to produce the proverbial "one apple a day to keep a doctor away". This means an additional degeneration of health, and thus deaths, of many more people - and all this only because of the lack of access to fruit. About the widespread food shortages and famine caused by the lack of other types of foods, which production depends on pollination by bees, I will not elaborate here. How in this situation we can respect the current official science, for what its monopoly on knowledge and education, its greed, and its failure to defend truths, has led the entire our civilization.
(2) The radioactive fallouts, and the dangerous to life radioactivity of the increasing proportion of our food (thus also the potential to cause mutations). In item #M1.1 from my web page named telekinetics.htm, and also in item #F2 from yet another my web page named cooking.htm, I indicated an article in which is published the information, that the meat from wild pigs in Germany is already so radioactive, that it no longer is safe for consumption and must be destroyed. (Note that if that matter looks so in Germany, almost for certain the situation looks similar in many other countries - but, unfortunately, the scientists or leaders of these countries are either too lax, lazy, deceitful, or incompetent to investigate and to reveal what really happens in the nature from their countries.) The radioactivity was also detected already even in the milk of women-mothers. No wonder that in this situation I am not able to find any shop where as an individual I could acquire a well-calibrated instrument for measuring radioactivity. (After all, surely if every citizen could freely measure by himself what happens to the radioactivity on Earth, then governments could no longer easily build the further nuclear reactors or atomic bombs.) However, such an instrument would be handy to have in order to check on a regular basis how much is, or how it grows, the radioactivity of e.g. what we eat. After all, radioactivity is likely to grow constantly. For example, in Petone in which I live, I noted that since around three years, local (previously entirely black) "blackbirds" began to mutate here and in increasingly more of them are starting to grow irregular patches of white feathers - see "Fig. #T1abcd" below. In turn such a collective mutations of a large number of black "blackbirds" cannot be explained by almost anything else besides the increase in radioactivity of rainwater trickling to the soil - means also earthworms on which these "blackbirds" mostly feed. In turn the increase in radioactivity of water and soil means, among others, also the increase in the radioactivity of food that we eat, and thus cancers and the increasingly shorter lives of people. Furthermore, the radioactivity of food means that probably an increasing number of people is being born with various mutations - thus possibly it also means an increasing physical and mental degeneration of the humanity. Unfortunately, the "privacy of information" laws, the secrecy that surrounds medical data, an increasing reluctance of the official science to identify and to solve real problems of the humanity, and the increasingly higher passivity in attitudes of people, taken together cause that it is almost impossible for the society as a whole to realise what actually is happening. (Notice that mutating of people, it is not just physical and mental illnesses derived from genetic mutations, but also, for example, birth to children with deformities of bodies - means without fingers, rectums, etc.) So in order to self-defend our household against this rise in the radioactivity, since the date of nuclear disaster in Fukushima, Japan (i.e. the disaster which I described in items #M1 to #M2 from the web page named telekinetics.htm), in my household we do not drink the water already provided to our flat by the public water supply, but we laboriously bring for ourselves the drinking water drawn out of not very distant from us and publicly accessible well located in the centre of Petone. (The fact of our already several years long use for drinking and for cooking only water from a nearby well, is also explained in item #M2 from the abovementioned web page named telekinetics.htm, and in item #G2.2 from the web page named healing.htm. Similarly like us this well water uses also a significant proportion of the residents of Petone and the surrounding areas.) The point is that the water in our water supply is the surface water - mainly from rain. Therefore, logic suggests that it carries with it, among others, radioactive fallout (as well as chemical precipitation), which it captures from the air, and which the winds bring from radioactively tarnished countries on Earth. Meanwhile, water from wells is thoroughly filtered through the soil before it is acquired by us to drink and to cook food.
Of course, upon the completion of writing of the previous paragraph from this item #T7, I did NOT stop my efforts to clarify what is the true origin of these mutations of New Zealand's blackbirds and probably also still unrecognised by the humanity mutations of birds, animals and human inhabitants of other places on Earth. It is just that due to the large size of this web page, having written and published the initial version of this item #T7, those further research of radioactivity I am already reporting to readers in different item #F5 and in "Fig. #F1abc" from another my web page named cooking.htm. While browsing that another web page, the reader probably is to notice that from my research to-date seems to emerge the conclusion that mutations of NZ blackbirds, and probably also mutations of other creatures on Earth, are caused by single droplets of highly radioactive waste, which together with the normal (i.e. deprived radioactivity) droplets of rain are currently falling probably all over the Earth, causing NOT only mutations of bird foetuses onto which these droplets fall accidentally, but probably also causing the human "droplet-shaped" skin cancer called "melanoma", as well as a number of other health problems in humans unaware of the high radioactivity of those rare droplets from rain. If that conclusion is NOT overthrown due to more accurate future research, then this also means that nowadays every rain is deadly, because those single droplets of strongly radioactive waste that are falling together with it, can cause mutations, cancer and various other illnesses. Therefore, if the reader is caught somewhere in the rain, I would advise-warn that nowadays you need to run as quickly as possible and hide under a roof in case of any rain, because if onto you accidentally fall one of these rare radioactive droplets, then this probably will NOT finish without some rather unpleasant for you future health consequences.
(3) Carcinogenic work of chemicals from industrially processed meat. At last officially and publicly was confirmed what I empirically noticed on my own body many years ago, while to the passing of awareness of what to readers I am devoting since a long time, among others, a significant proportion of my web page named cooking.htm. Namely, finally it has been officially confirmed that the industrially processed meat is poisoned due to the intentionally added to it various chemicals that make eating this meat dangerous to health and to life. That confirmation took place on Monday, 26th of October 2015, in the evening news of 6 pm until 16:30 pm on the "Prime" channel of New Zealand television. It was finally reported then about results of recent scientific research which has established that industrially processed red meat is carcinogenic, and hence is harmful to health. As the most harmful and dangerous types of industrially processed meat in this program were indicated sausages, bacon, ham, and the so-called. "meat pies" - which are consumed in large quantities by inhabitants of English-speaking countries, including New Zealand. For me a special surprise caused bacon, which I previously considered to be free of chemicals, and which I like, thus I am eating it several times each week. Now I appreciate the warning from my friend, the doctor, who informed me about the dangers of bacon many years ago (however, I did not believe him then, because of harming from bacon I still did NOT notice then empirically on my own body). This friend mentioned to me, that in his household the bacon is eaten no more frequently than at most once a week. That alarming warning from TV about the carcinogenicity of meat, a day later (i.e. on 2015/10/27) was also repeated (and broaden) in all evening television news that I typically watch, i.e. it was repeated in the abovementioned news from the channel "Prime", moreover for the first time it was broadcasted in evening news from channels 1 and 3 of TVNZ, and in addition it was mentioned in the news of the station "Al Jazeera" - which is also available in NZ. It turned out, that the reason for repeating this warning was a report just published by WHO (i.e. by the "World Health Organization"), which included the industrially processed meat into a group of the substances that are most dangerous to the health because they cause cancer (previously that most dangerous group included only cigarettes, asbestos, and any radioactive substances). For me, however, this fact of carcinogenicity of the industrially processed red meat, as well as the dangers of virtually all other types of industrially prepared food, is NOT a "news". As early as in 1992, my friend from the USA told me about the results of research known to him already at that time, which research revealed such carcinogenicity. In turn in 1998, after my return to NZ from my professorship in Borneo, I even noticed harm that such industrially processed food caused in my own body. (At that time in Borneo people continued to eat mainly natural food that was NOT polluted with chemicals - unfortunately, from what I have heard, today the situation has also changed in there.) After all, it was since the time of my return from Borneo, that each eating a meal in a NZ public eatery, or after every purchase of a ready-made industrially fabricated meal in a supermarket, I already then started to spend nights in the toilet, instead in the bed. Also already then the logic started to tell me that the addition to food of any chemicals other than those that humanity is already using for millennia (e.g. salt) and in any amount other than that which occurs in nature or is accepted by nature, actually represents the poisoning of that food - regardless of what about these chemicals and about allegedly their "safe" amounts claim these today's incompetent and corrupt professional scientists whose "research" is paid by producers of the given product which slowly poisons us. After all, God created our bodies to eat exclusively these "very good" foods, which God also created especially for us in nature - as it is explained in more details in items #A1 to #A5 from my web page named cooking.htm. The mere fact of the destruction of human health by chemicals added to industrially processed foods were at that times also begun to be acknowledge by health statistics - e.g. in New Zealand one of the largest killers of people began to be the cancer of the bowel (i.e. the cancer presumably caused mainly by chemicals that are added to the commonly eaten by New Zealanders industrially processed foods - because at that time NZ did not produce yet the genetically engineered food). After the empirical discovery of that time, that the food industry is ever-increasingly poisoning the food that it produces, and thus destroys people, over time I decided to try to warn other people about that fact (according to the "love your neighbour" principle from the Bible), by publishing a separate warning and preventive web page named cooking.htm - e.g. in items #A1 to #A5 of which are explained more thoroughly than here: definitions, reasons, methods, and consequences of chronic already poisoning of all kinds of food by today's industry, science, politicians, agriculture, fishermen, butchers, cooks, etc. After all, so far, in my possibilities there is NO other way of personal contributing to the elimination, or to repairing, of that immorality caused by human greed and committed by virtually our entire civilization - although I repeatedly initiate various initiatives and efforts to create just such a possibility of giving to the service of the good of other people all the knowledge and all the research of methods of God's action, which so far I have worked out. (For an example of just one of such my initiatives, see the web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm. Examples of other initiatives are included in virtually every of my web page.) Unfortunately, as so far, people ignored, or blocked, virtually all these initiatives and efforts. In my own case, personal defence which for a long since I have taken against a gradual poisoning myself with chemicals from commercially processed meat and other factory-produced food, is to avoid eating the food, and in the place, about which I remember, that previously it already resulted in causing my food poisoning. In "what" and "how" I eat, I try to go back to the most "primitive" principles which I remember from the family home, that is, I try to make sure that everything is prepared with the most basic products, e.g. potatoes, flour, milk, simplest kinds of meat (about which I hope that butchers do not add chemicals to them), etc. However, even these most basic products in many cases can already be poisoned with chemicals. So if there is a case, that somewhere I detect such their poisoning, then no longer we buy the same product, or no longer we use the same store. For example, NZ butchers are increasingly frequently acquiring a bad habit of adding the decay (or change of colour) preventing chemicals to even the most basic meats, e.g. to pieces of roasts - in spite of an obvious conclusion that immediately comes to mind, and that is explained in item #C1 from my web page named cooking.htm, namely, that if any chemicals kill the micro-organisms that cause food spoilage, or that prevent changes in the colour of that food, then the same chemicals certainly cause also the death of beneficial micro-organisms in our body, which facilitate the digestion of this food and which assist in absorbing into our body the ingredients of that food that we needed (means - these butchers are adding such chamical in spite of quite an obvious conclusion, that micro-organisms killing chemicals are also slowly and gradually killing the people who consume them). So if in our household we detect such adding of chemicals, then we immediately cease the purchases from that particular butcher, because we know that once someone does something immoral, then he will be repeating many times the same immoral action. Typically I also avoid eating meat from industrially-farmed chickens, as it is widely known that their feed is stuffed with chemicals, steroids, hormones, antibiotics, and with various other muck harmful to humans. I am also wary of eating fish, because in order to slow down the process of fish deterioration, often their suppliers stuff them with various chemical preservatives. In addition, some fish are caught in small bays already quite polluted with sewage. Unfortunately, the necessity to take such forms of personal self-defence, means also that in our household we gradually and irreversibly (permanently) are depriving ourselves of the increasingly larger number of benefits and conveniences brought by the technical accomplishments of the present human civilization, and thus that actually we gradually step back to a way of living that existed before our civilization "got lost" in today's "vicious circle" of immorality, self-destruction and suicidal inclinations - as this permanent deprivation of humanity from its accomplishments and conveniences is described in more detail in the next item #T8, while as reasons and principles of this punishing of the entire humanity with a progressive and permanent taking away of its to-date technical achievements and conveniences of life are explained in item #N2 from the web page pajak_re_2017.htm, in item #C4.2 of another my web page named morals.htm, in items #B2 to #B2.3 from the web page named mozajski_uk.htm, and in items #A5 from the web page named cooking.htm. After all, the entire current self-destructive and suicidal behaviour of our civilization is due to the uncontrolled greed of people, means due to the fact that for some time now all kinds of industries of the present humanity are trying to get a quick short-term benefits at the expense of acting which serially (repeatedly) breaks various moral criteria - for which serial breaking in the long-term work of the moral mechanisms the whole of humanity must be punished through the permanent removal of those benefits. In the result of this punishing, whatever politicians, academics and owners of factories triumphantly proclaim to be another success of humanity, actually turns out to be a process of gradual killing of people that were deceived by these proclamations and hence recklessly consume immoral products of today's greed.
* * *
Of course, similarly like the life of every present
inhabitant of the Earth, my life also is already
encumbered and troubled by continually increasing
multitude of yet other irreversible (permanent)
punishments, than just these examples irreversible
penalties for which my ways of decreasing severity of their
effects are described above in this item. After all, for example,
I am also increasingly more discouraged to air travel
by the escalating acts of terrorism and the increasingly
hostile to travellers procedures that airlines, airports
and some countries are implementing in order to
prevent this terrorism. It is for this reason, that I
limited my travel to only absolutely necessary
exceptions. I am also discouraged to the use of
emails and Internet due to the increasingly
powerful creeping with emails and with Internet: the
spread of computer viruses and spying software,
the reading of my correspondence by various spy
agencies, the imposition of intrusive advertising
and "cookies", attempts of internet blackmail and
extortion, the imposing of increasingly more
inquisitive conditions by search engines and by
systems of YouTube types,
and the still further evil and immoralities harming us through
internet. I am also discouraged to the use of various offices
and institutions due to the increase in bureaucracy
and in corruption, as well as attempts to make people
depended on them and subordinate to them. I also
suffer from exploitation-oriented health services
and pharmaceutical companies - as this is described
e.g. in items #I1 to #I2 from the web page named
healing.htm.
Etc., etc. However, so-far I do NOT describe here this further
multiplicity of irreversible punishments that are starting to
afflict now the entire mankind, because, unfortunately, either
so-far I did not seek how to reduce or neutralize the impact
of these punishments onto my life, or for such a way of reducing
I was already looking - but so far I have not found it, or such
a way of neutralizing I already know and apply in practice,
but because of the sensitive for some people nature of the
punishment, or the manner to neutralization it, I do not
believe that describing it here is worth the extra persecution
and problems that the public disclosure of it would bring
on my already fiercely criticized and harassed person.
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(a)
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(b)
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(c)
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(d)
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Fig. #T1abcd: Birds called "blackbirds" which in New Zealand mutated irregular patches of white feathers - i.e. patches whose shapes resemble raindrop-like outlines of the human skin cancer called "melanoma". The best way to see these white patches is to enlarge the above photographs. Until the time of the Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan, all blackbirds were in New Zealand entirely black and had only black feathers. However, after the nuclear disaster in Fukushima, in New Zealand began to appear blackbirds with patches of white feathers. I managed to photograph the upper blackbird on the sport-field of Petone rugby club (this field is separated only by a street from the recreational grounds shown and discussed on "Fig. #I2" from my election web page named pajak_for_mp_2014.htm). However, the above blackbird is NOT the only mutated such a bird which lives in Petone. For example, similarly mutated blackbird, only that having a few small patches of white feathers on its head, neck, chest, and both sides, around two years ago was born somewhere in the nest not far from my flat and at present, similarly like the entire its family, it often comes to my miniature garden to feed on earthworms that it catches in there - which fact worries me greatly, because means that my garden is also mucked with radioactivity. (Of course, I myself strongly protect this garden against everything what is harmful and I can influence, i.e. I protect it against chemicals, artificial fertilizers, etc.) However, because of a small size of my garden, which is smaller than the safety distance at which wild and skittish blackbirds allow people to get close to them, the first photograph of the mutated blackbird from my backyard I was able to take only on 30th of October 2015. This is because each time I saw it in weather conditions conducive to photographing and left the flat with a photo-camera, the blackbird took off into the air and escaped. Although finding, approaching without scaring, and qualitatively acceptable photographing of blackbirds is not easy when one have only a type of photo-camera which I can afford, of course, "I will not rest now on my laurels" and I will continue my efforts to document on photographs of both the above, and still others, blackbirds that already have mutated white feathers. After all, if in New Zealand situated "at the end of the world" the irresponsibility of mankind has managed already to make the nature so dirty, that blackbirds started to mutate, one can imagine how tragic must look the situation with nature (and with the people living from it) in countries located at outlets from "rectums" of sloppily designed, built and operated nuclear reactors - means virtually in all countries from the entire Northern Hemisphere of Earth. So it is about time to start "sounding the alarm" on this problem and decisively demand from governments to close all nuclear reactors. In turn because blackbirds are birds that perfectly adopted to life in even the most densely built-up cities, I recommend that the reader also checks for himself (and photographs - if possible) whether some amongst these birds mutated patches of white feathers in his own place of living. If YES, then the reader will have the first-hand visual warning and confirmation, that the life and health of himself and his closest people, are already endangered because of the fallouts of deadly radioactivity. Of course, I would gladly publish here also photographs of the reader documenting his locally mutated blackbirds. (Click on the above photographs to see them enlarged.)
Fig. #T1a (upper-left): A photograph of mutated blackbird taken in 17th of September 2015 on the sport-field of Petone rugby club. In this blackbird was mutated one large patch of white feathers covering the entire top-half of its head. Notice that I captured this blackbird in a moment when it was already nervous because of my approach and it was preparing to flee, and also please notice that in addition to that blackbird on the same rugby field, but a little further away, are two other blackbirds searching for earthworms.
Fig. #T1b (upper-right): Yet another photograph of the same blackbird from the Petone rugby club taken just a few steps earlier. On this photograph the blackbird still does not feel threatened by me, so it still looks for earthworms. Since the time when on 18th of October 2015 I published here for the first time a picture of that mutated blackbird, I went again a number of times to this rugby field in the hope that I may find the same blackbird and I can photograph it from a shorter distance. Unfortunately, in these my expeditions even a single time I did not find on this rugby field, neither that blackbird, nor even any other bird. So I am guessing, that in the meantime probably the area of that rugby field was treated with some chemicals - just like people do this too enthusiastically in present times of carefree spilling of poisons wherever it is convenient. After all, only poisons spilled on that rugby field are able to effectively remove from it all birds that either immediately died out, or deemed inedible everything that now can be found on this field.
Fig. #T1c (lower-left): The first of two photographs of the mutated blackbird from my little garden. That blackbird I was able to photograph only on 30th of October 2015 - and that is only because it was hiding from me behind a lemon tree from the centre of the image, and thus it felt safe and NOT flew away as soon as I got out from the flat with a photo camera. The blackbird can be seen in the centre of the photo behind leafs of lemon tree, as it sits on the edge of my compost pit. In contrast to the blackbird from photographs (a) and (b), white patches in this blackbird are very small.
To see the second of the two photographs of that mutated blackbird hidden behind the lemon tree click on this (green) link. On this photograph the blackbird has changed slightly its position, hence its small patches of white feathers are documented from a different angle.
Fig. #T1d (lower-right): Yet another photograph of the same mutated blackbird from my garden. This time it sits on a tree branch from the garden of my neighbors. Unfortunately, it carefully watches what I am doing, thus it turned its head so that its beak is pointing exactly in my direction. Thus, the picture does not capture the patches of white feathers existing on both sides of its head. Note that in this blackbird mutated a whole series of small patches of white feathers, amongst others, on both of its sides, on the breast, on the back of the neck, and on head near the eye. Notice also, that before the atomic explosion in Fukushima Japan, nowhere in New Zealand and never I have seen a blackbird in which would mutated patches of white feathers - while as a highly perceptive scientist I certainly would register such an anomaly if I ever saw it. What worries me most about this mutating, is that if blackbirds mutate in such a manner visible to naked eyes, one can imagine what happens to bodies of the people (i.e. to their physical and mental health). Only that people are NOT covered with feathers like blackbirds, a change in colour of which feathers would allow much easier noticing such mutating - unless one of the so-far unknown to our medicine symptoms of mutations are also, among others, these various human "distortions" that are multiplying recently, for example, tattoos which in a growing number of people, especially women, appear on the skin in increasingly intimate places, earrings in nose, tongue, breasts or genitals, the acquiring of taste for today's music and faddy "creations" of today's artists, and the like (for samples of today's "music hits" have a look, for example, at my video web page named p_12h.htm - but notice that after clicking on them, these videos work only under the browser "Google Chrome"). After all, precisely such types of all-encompassing symptoms were characterizing the degeneration of mankind during the dark epoch of the Middle Ages.
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I should add here, that I never previously seen that in this quite common in NZ completely black bird mutate a patch of white feathers on its back. So I believe that the documented above its mutation has the same origin as the described herein, the NZ mutations of blackbirds. Unfortunately, knowing scientists and politicians, presumably they are to ignore completely the fact of appearing also mutations of that other species of birds with black feathers. After all, there is also a variety of birds from this species, which has white entire their belly. Although this white-abdominal variety often catches oysters along with the black variety, they never seem to form mixed "marriages". However, when sitting comfortably on armchairs in offices and watching the world only theoretically through the tinted glass in windows of "ivory towers", it can also be argued that this white patch of feathers on back of that "oystercatcher" from the beach in Petone originates from the simple fact that its mother supposedly "copulated" in past with the male of the white-abdominal variety.
By strange coincidence, on Thursday, 10th of December 2015, in the evening news at 17:30 in the "Prime" channel of NZ TV, a WARNING was issued that all previously edible shellfish found on the western beaches from the upper part of the Northern Island of NZ, recently become highly toxic and no longer people are allowed to eat them. So I wonder whether this sudden acquisition of the poisoning attributes by NZ mussels, is also somehow related to that radioactive droplets of rain that keep arriving to NZ (recently from Fukushima in Japan), and therefore has the same origin as the described herein mutations of birds with black feathers.
#T8.
Notice that all these irreversible penalties, imposed on the
humanity because of committing serial immoralities, are
offsetting the effects of technological progress of our civilization
made in the current (fourth) era - with the result that when
occurs the death of current form of humanity, the newborn
then humanity of the fifth era is to begin everything practically
from scratch:
Perhaps the reader has already noted by
himself from descriptions of the previous item
#T7, that each of irreversible (permanent)
punishments imposed on the humanity for
committing serial immoralities, eliminates a
part of technical accomplishments of mankind
made during the just ending fourth era of the
history of mankind. (Note here, that the numbers
of successive eras in the human history have been
assigned to that eras, and illustrated to readers
starting from February 2015, in the "table #K1"
from the web page named
tapanui.htm.)
The current fourth era of "modern technocracy"
was launched with discovery of America by Christopher
Columbus in 1492 (incidentally, Columbus turned
out to be the son of a Polish king - as explained
in item #I4 from the web page
mozajski_uk.htm).
In turn the completion of the current fourth era,
and the initiation of the next, fifth era, will take
place at the moment of building the
Magnocraft,
means after the beginning of interstellar travel by
the country that at that time is to lead the world.
So if some processes unique to the current dying
and agony of mankind will not cause additional
delays, then the building of Magnocraft is likely
to occur around 2036. (Notice that this year 2036
as the date of construction of the first Magnocraft
I calculated still in 1972 on the basis of regularities
that then I discovered in the construction of subsequent
propulsion systems invented and built in previous
situations of growth (means NOT the current death
and the agony) of the present-day human civilization -
for details see the "Periodic Table of Propulsion
Systems" described in items #B1 to #B4 from my
web page named
propulsion.htm.)
It is also worth noting here, that this initiation of a new,
fifth era, as well is to arise due to inventions and intellectual
legacy of another person born in Poland (i.e. Jan Pajak -
the author of this web page) who invented and worked
out the Magnocraft. In my personal opinion - justified in
item #H1.1 from the web page
prophecies.htm,
that last leading country in the world, which will build
the Magnocraft and thus usher with it the last, fifth era
of the mortal mankind, will be the future Korea.
In order to highlight and to illustrate these effects of work of irreversible (permanent) punishments, which eliminate technical achievements of mankind, I will repeat here the effects of cases of punishments already discussed in the previous item #T7 of this web page. And so, the technical achievements of mankind has led, among others, to the building of a number of present agricultural machines that are "blind and lacking intelligence" - which in this day and age, among others, already quite automatically and blindly for example collect fruits in orchards. However, the gradual extinction of bees soon will cause that these machines will become useless. After all, the orchards will then no longer bear fruit due to lack of pollination of flowers. On the other hand, the blind and devoid of intelligence today's agricultural machines are unable to pollinate flowers - though people having eyes and intelligence can do such a pollination manually. In a similar way the to-date technical achievements of mankind caused also that our various power plants produce grid electricity, which in many ways does work for us and makes our lives easier. However, the incoming irreversible (permanent) punishments soon will cause that mankind will not be able to continue the use of grid electricity delivered through its transmission lines. Examples of such irreversible penalties are already the catastrophe in Chernobyl (Ukraine), and Fukushima (Japan), and also there will be further nuclear disasters similar to those ones that inevitably will come soon because of the technically ignorant, complacent and failing basic safety principles way on which so-far the humanity builds and uses nuclear reactors - which way I described e.g. in items #M1 and #M1.1 from the web page named telekinetics.htm. Irreversible punishments that eliminate electricity will also be disasters which come because of the use of immoral nuclear energy that already now is burdened with the tradition of "bad trees that cannot bear good fruit" (for details see item #C4.7 from my web page morals.htm). These will also be various other punishments (e.g. acts of terrorism and earthquakes - which will destroy power plants and transmission lines, epidemics and wage disputes - which cause grid companies to go bankrupt and deprive them employees) that will soon affect also other ways of generating grid electricity. In a similar way today's escalating destructive trends and intellectual robbery, which overwhelm the Internet and e-mails, soon will cause that people will not be able to use either the Internet nor even computers. International terrorism and the reactions to it at some stage will also make it useless the airlines and aircraft. Bureaucracy, corruption, financial and economic crises, the collapse of health care, epidemics and natural disasters, etc., will result in the destruction of many present nations and states. Etc., etc.
Of course, similar difficulties and problems will gradually cancel the technical achievements in every other area of human life. For example, the increasing piracy, terrorism and the anti-civilisation forces will ensure that the ships and maritime transport gradually disappear. Corruption, divisions and internal strife in various countries, as well as cut off from access to raw materials and energy, are to ruin factories, agriculture, public order and respect for the law. Etc., etc.
As a result, gradually in almost the whole of our civilization a situation is to appear, which since February 2009 I am describing in the scenario from item #H3 of the web page named prophecies.htm. Namely, the situation that everyone will be forced to defend by himself and to take by himself care of the loved ones, while almost all the technical achievements of the present era will be destroyed. So at the end of the current fourth era in order to have anything, one will need to grow, or to make it personally by himself - including the production of food, baking bread, healing himself, etc. The only thing that survives from the today's technological civilization, is the memory and spiritual achievements. While the only people who will survive, are those who have the necessary knowledge, spiritual strength, morality, discipline and obedience to their leaders in compliance to achieve the common good, and also the will to achieve the objectives for the accomplishing of which in the current fourth era the greed prevailing amongst the decision-makers did not allow to even reach .
This total destruction will begin to slowly be repaired only after the birth of another form of our civilization in the fifth, means the last, era of mortal mankind. Unfortunately, the mankind of that time will be forced to painstakingly fix everything that the present humanity has spoiled. For example, it will be forced to build different farming machines of a new kind, which will be able to intelligently make any movements that will be necessary for carrying out the tasks imposed onto them, which will be able to use any kinds of tools required for these tasks, which will be reprogrammable for every type of task that is required to be completed, which will have senses similar to these in humans (i.e. which will be capable of seeing, smelling, listening, and touch-sensing), and which will have artificial intelligence - that will enable them to remember, watch, analyze the situation, make decisions, and implement these decisions. Only such intelligent machines will be capable of replacing the currently dilapidated bees and of pollinating each individual flower. The future mankind will also be forced to decisively and ruthlessly eliminate the roots of the entire generated by our era crime, parasitism, piracy, terrorism, and anti-civilization states and nations - so that the production, trade, travel, correspondence, exchange of ideas, progress, etc., could became once again possible. Etc., etc.
Of course I understand that everything that is presented on this web page can shock and horrify. However, we need to remember that every kind of fear fulfils also a number of constructive roles. For example, fear motivates and mobilizes most effectively to thinking, actions and effort. The earlier a fear of what is coming will begin to spread, the less destruction the humanity is to experience because of being unpleasantly "surprised" by the punishments described herein. So let us begin to watch what I described here and try to incorporate the consideration of moral criteria into everything that we do. In spite of the fact, that what I write here represents only the deductions and predictions of a humanly-fallible retired scientist, since this my writing is based on the announcements from the Bible, on research of reality that surrounds us deprived of prejudices and blindness from greed, on the evidence, on already given to us lessons of history, and on the use of logic and common sense, still probably this writing is containing a proportion of truth. So the more people and earlier are to respond to that truth, and prepare for what now can be predicted that is coming - in accordance with the principles described in item #N2 from the web page named pajak_re_2017.htm, the more of these people will be able to survive through that increasingly more advancing current "neo-medieval epoch".
Part #U: The final information:
#U1. Summary of this web page - means let's NOT delay the constructing by ourselves of a domestic and "anti-cataclysmic" system for the generation of electricity from solar energy, which is to make us independent from the grid and also may allow us the more convenient survival of cataclysms such as tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquakes, pandemic of Ebola, etc.:
Motto: "Although everything has a simple theory, the practice is always difficult to implement NOT just because the physical reality is a source of various limitations over what we do, but also because human imperfections convert many decision-makers into masters of hinder, impedement and distortions."
If we were to characterize an era in which we live now, then we could say that the human life is marked in it by habits of comfortable watching television and internet, while nature is characterized by increasingly cataclysmic behaviour. In turn both of these characteristics are united together by the "weakest link" in today's civilization, namely by the supply of electricity. After all, electricity is still transferred from large power plants to our homes through the grid of transmission lines of high and low voltage, which typically are destroyed and cut off by almost every disaster - even the one of a NOT very powerful force. In turn, after such interruption of the electricity transmission grid, suddenly thousands of families are deprived of the comforts to which they are most accustomed, i.e. electric light, and the work of household electrical appliances that are most needed by them, such as television sets, computers, phones, shavers, kettles, robots, etc. As a result, in the event of even a small disaster, thousands of people suffer, because their normal life is disrupted until the time when grid electricity supply is restored. There are, after all, deprived of what they are most accustomed amongst comforts of today's living style.But what is most interesting, already now exist relatively cheap and technically well-developed devices for an effective generation of electricity from solar energy. These devices allow to avoid most of the inconveniences of after-cataclysmic lack of electricity. Moreover, even during periods of lack of disasters, they decrease the daily consumption of electricity from the grid, and hence, they lower the amounts on bills for electricity. Purchases of these devices for the domestic generation of electricity from solar energy, and the instalment of them in own home, should also be so simple, so well explained in the literature and in the internet, and now already so cheap, that practically almost every present DIY (i.e. "do it yourself") person should be able to install them in own home. Unfortunately, in practice, however, so far there is still no widely available practical information about them, the information published about them is rather misleading, these devices are extremely difficult to find in shops, while some companies are trying to secure for themselves a lucrative monopoly for their installation. What even the worst, increasingly more people support with their action the instalment of battery-deprived domestic solar systems, about which moral criteria of the philosophy of totalizm tell us quite clearly that the decisions of their introduction for a domestic use are definitely immoral - for more details see items #L5 and #F3 from this web page. In turn, because of them being such immoral decisions, these implementations of battery-deprived domestic solar systems for the generation of electricity, NOT only that do NOT solve the problems for which they were originally made, but in addition in the future they are to prove to be a source of numerous problems and sufferings for the people affected by them. After all, they make the owners of such domestic solar systems even more dependent on the power plants and electrical grids that are harmful for people, nature and for the environment, as they force these owners to re-sell electricity back to the grid (instead of freeing their owners from the dependency on the power plants and grids), they block research and development, kill human initiative in favour of monopolization, bureaucracy, favouritism, price increases, etc., etc. So, it is a great pity that our civilization allows the imperfections of the human characters and monetary gains, to pile obstacles over popular and morally correct use of these solar devices. After all, when they are installed in a right and morally correct manner in homes or apartments, then these devices allow for the incorporation of a few extra sockets for plugs, as well as several grid-independent sources of light, and in this way they provide to our disposal both the free electricity for our everyday use, as well as an additional emergency source of backup electricity, which is independent from the power supply via the grid, and thus is resistant to natural disasters, plagues, freaks of nature, destruction, blackouts, fires, sabotages, etc., etc. In addition, the domestic use of solar electricity, instead of the grid electricity, reduces the amount of damage that today's power plants and electrical grids inflict onto nature and onto people, and thus adds our own contribution to the protection of natural environment and allows the gradual healing and improvement of the planet on which we all live.
After many years of fruitless searching and overcoming numerous obstacles, described in item #S1 of this web page, I finally managed to find a shop, which allowed me to purchase and install in my flat, an emergency domestic solar system for the backup generation of electricity from solar energy. So I went practically through virtually all the activities and experiences through which surely must also pass each other DIY ("do it yourself") person or hobbyist, who decides to install such solar devices in his or her own home or apartment. Hence, described on this web page my knowledge and experience in the field of domestic solar energy generation are from the so-called "first hand". In addition, as a former lecturer and university professor, I know quite well which information about these solar devices and about my experience, is important for other people who choose to install such solar systems in their home. That is why I prepared this web page named solar.htm. It explains to readers everything that is most important, and that they should know, if they intend to buy for themselves, and personally install in own home or apartment, the devices for emergency generation of backup electricity - similar to the system which I have built. I described here NOT only the work, parameters, and the NZ price of each piece of equipment that one needs, but I explained also what and how one have to measure and calculate in order to design such a system for own home, I provided a simple procedure and "algorithm" for designing your own domestic solar system, I described how assemble and test later the already operating such a system, and I gave examples of the practical difficulties that one may encounter when buying and installing the required equipment - along with explanations of how one can handle these difficulties and walk around them. So I highly recommend everyone to read this web page named "solar.htm". After all, even if the reader do NOT decided yet whether to install a similar system in own home, still the information provided on this web page may help him or her to make a more informed decision in this regard.
The system for the emergency generating backup electricity from solar energy, which I myself have built and which is described on this web page, so far impresses me with its efficiency. (I do hope it is to work so well for many years to come.) It generates electricity with just a single solar panel of a power of 120 Watt. It cost me less than one-tenth of what cost the cheapest system offered by companies specializing in the installation of such systems (namely cost me about 7% of the October 2014 price of a cheapest system installed by such a company). As with a pleasant surprise I established, now (i.e. during the NZ summer) my system satisfies the demand for electricity for all my home appliances of low power, that is, for my fluorescent lighting, my 42-inch TV, and my computer "laptop". (How it will be performing during the short winter days, it is still waiting to be checked - the result of this check I will describe on this web page in a time to come.) So not only that it protects me from the effects of a possible lack of electricity in the grid, but it also gives me the pleasure of my personal fight against rises in electricity prices, through allowing me to consume the electricity that I myself generate at home in the manner that is friendly towards the nature and the environment.
It so happens lately, that constantly increases the number of natural disasters, and also increases the power with which these disasters are able to interrupt the supply of grid electricity to our homes. After all, the rapidly is growing the number and force of hurricane winds that tear apart electrical transmission lines. Tornadoes uproot the electricity poles and break wires of power grid. Heavy rains and floods cause short circuits and burning of transformers and transmission lines. There are increasingly frequent droughts and accompanying fires that burn electricity poles, transformers, substations, and transmission lines. On increase is bureaucracy, legislative bans, favouritism, nepotism, cronyism, monopolization, cartelization, etc., the goals of which is to prohibit the unobstructed and cheap sale of solar panels, and to impose on the nation that these panels were installed only by expensive monopolies of politically favoured companies and by their "experts". What is even the worst, there are increasingly frequent deadly diseases, such as the latest epidemic of "Ebola" described on the different web page named plague.htm. It can not be ruled out, that any further amongst such deadly diseases will fulfil the old Polish prophecy described, amongst others, in items #H1 to #H3 from my web page named prophecies.htm, and stating that "the humanity will bring upon itself such a cataclysm and depopulation, that the man will kiss the ground when he sees the footprints of another human being". After all, if any such an illness that would kill around 90% of people infected with it, would escape from the human control, while such a possibility cannot be ruled out completely yet, then it is NOT only that the electricity supply from the grid would be interrupted, but actually the whole present civilization would have collapsed. After all, in the nation decimated by such a disease, NOT only that would NOT be the electricity in the grid, but even would NOT be water from the waterworks, gas, fuel for cars, health care, coal, garbage disposal, nor even drains. Stores also would be empty - this is because whatever they would NOT sale during the initial panic, it would be looted later. Hospitals would turn into piles of decaying corpses. NO roads could be drivable by a car - because they would be obstructed by vehicles that people would leave in the places in which they run out of petrol. To the centres of large cities one could NOT enter because of swarms of flies spreading diseases and the stench of thousands of decaying human bodies blocking the breathing. In such a situation to have a backup device that generates domestic electricity from solar energy could NOT only improve the comfort of the lack of supply of electricity from the grid, but it could also save lives. The well-known English saying goes "hope for the best but prepare for the worst". Since the effectively working devices for the domestic generation of electricity from solar energy already exist and can be purchased reasonably cheaply, and almost every DIY (“do it yourself”) person is able to install them in his or her own house or apartment, then why NOT to invest a bit of own effort, time and funds into their acquisition and having. After all, it is NOT only that then we are prepared for whatever unexpected is to come, but also on a daily basis such devices reduce our electricity bills, and most importantly - also reduce the pollution and destruction of the natural environment of our planet.
A typical of today's battery-based system for the domestic generation of electricity from solar energy consists of several main components, multiple versions of which are now available in various shops. These components are illustrated already in "Fig. #B1" and in "Fig. #G1", while are described in items #B2 and #G1 to #G6, from this web page. They include: (1) photovoltaic (PV) solar panel (which is the most important component, from which we should start our planning, design and shopping), (2) the controller of battery charge, (3) battery, and (4) the inverter. In order to build a most effectively working solar system for domestic generation of electricity from solar energy, it does NOT always involves just buying the most expensive amongst these major components, but the purchase and assembly of components that are mutually "compatible" with each other, and that best suit the purpose and power of our domestic system. (Although it should be stressed here, that regardless of the results of our design and calculations, the empirical evidence tells us that already at the very beginning we should try to buy for ourselves the biggest solar panel which is available in the store and the buying of which we can afford. This is because with the energy is like with a very tasty dish - no matter how much of it we have, it always turns out to be not enough. A big panel is also justified because typically the cost of just the panel itself is only about one-third of the cost of purchasing all the equipment for the domestic solar system, while its performance determines the performance and usability of the entire system.) Thus, the largest skill and the practical ability to build such systems, is the meeting precisely the requirement of mutual "compatibility" of all these basic components. But in order to be able to build a system in which all major components are mutually "compatible", one has to know what we are doing and what we should look out for. After all, "every complex system is as strong as its weakest link". This my web page tries to explain in detail to interested readers, how this "compatibility" can be achieved, and to what one should pay the most attention in the event he or she chooses to build own domestic anti-cataclysmic solar system as cheaply as possible. In item #B4 it gives even a kind of "algorithm" that step-by-step explains to the reader the procedure that he or she can use when designing and assembling together own system of solar devices with their mutual compatibility being maximized. It is also good to be aware, that if you build something just by yourself, then you understand how it works, and hence also you know how to use it in a best manner. So there is NO need to call expensive "experts" in every case when any technical or a performance problem is to appear.
The purpose of my life could be described, among others, as the "tracing new roads and paths" - so that other people can later easily follow them. Amongst such "new roads and tracks", now one of the more important for people becomes the domestic generation of electricity from solar energy. Because the technology of such generation is already well known and mastered by the mankind, I decided to experimentally verify and describe here how looks-like practically the implementation of this technology in our own home and with own labour. This web page is to report on the course and results of my experimental verification. I hope that after reading it, the reader received a clearer picture of this important nowadays, independent from power plants and grids, generation of electricity in a way which protects and respects the natural environment of our planet, which opens to us the savings on fees for electricity, and which may even save our lives in the case of the occurrence of a serious cataclysm.
#U2.
How with the web page named
"skorowidz_links.htm"
one can find totaliztic descriptions
of topics in which he is interested:
A whole array of topics equally interesting
as these from the above web page, is also
discussed from the angle that is unique to
the philosophy of totalizm. All these related
topics can be found and identified with the use of
content index
prepared especially to make easier finding
these web pages and topics. The name "index"
means a list of "key words" usually provided
at the end of textbooks, which allows to find
fast the description or the topic in which we
are interested. My web pages also has such
a content "index" - only that it is additionally
supplied in green
links
which after "clicking" at them with a mouse
immediately open the web page with the topic
that interest the reader. This content "index"
is provided on the web page named
skorowidz_links.htm.
It can be called from the "organising" part of
"Menu 1" of every totaliztic web page. I would
recommend to look at it and to begin using it
systematically - after all it brings closer hundreds
of totaliztic topics which can be of interest to
everyone.
#U3.
I would suggest to return periodically to this web page
in order to check further progress in my goals and efforts:
I invite you to revisit this web page after some
time from now, in order to check out what is
new on the matter of elections discussed here,
or what new become already known to me.
#U4.
Author
of this web page (i.e. Dr Jan Pajak):
I have a pleasure to inform readers of my web
pages, that to commemorate the 70th birthday
of the author of this web page (i.e.
myself),
there was produced and published around 35
minutes long film by Dominik Myrcik, which
since May 2016 is available for free viewing in
youtube.com.
The film is entitled
"Dr Jan Pająk portfolio"
and it presents graphically most important among
my scientific accomplishments. I am inviting readers
to view it. The working
green links,
Internet addresses, promotional leaflets in three
languages, and complete descriptions of all three
language versions (i.e. English, German and Polish)
of this excellently designed and produced HD and HQ
film, are available on my web page named
portfolio.htm -
which was especially prepared for describing the film.
Current email addresses to the author of this web page, i.e. officially to Dr Eng. Jan Pajak while courteously to Prof. Dr Eng. Jan Pajak, at which readers can post possible comments, opinions, descriptions, or information which in their opinion I should learn, are provided on the web page named pajak_jan_uk.htm (for its version in the HTML language), or the web page named pajak_jan_uk.pdf (for the version of the web page "pajak_jan_uk.pdf" in safe PDF format - which safe PDF versions of further web pages by the author can also be downloaded via links from item #B1 of the web page named text_11.htm).
The author's right for the use of courteous title of "Professor" stems from the custom that "with professors is like with generals", namely when someone is once a professor, than he or she courteously remains a professor forever. In turn the author of this web page was a professor at 4 different universities, i.e. at 3 of them, from 1 September 1992 untill 31 October 1998, as an "Associate Professor" from English-based educational system, while on one university as a (Full) "Professor" (since 1 March 2007 till 31 December 2007 - means at the last place of employment in his professional life).
However, please notice that because of my rather chronic lack of time, I reluctantly reply to emails which contain JUST time consuming requests, while simultaneously they document a complete ignorance of their author in the topic area which I am researching.
#U5.
A
copy of this web page
is also disseminated as a
brochure from series [11]
in the safe format "PDF":
This web page is also available in the form
of a brochure marked [11], which
is prepared in "PDF" ("Portable Document
Format") - currently considered to be the
most safe amongst all internet formats, as
normally viruses cannot cling to PDF. This
clear brochure is ready both, for printing,
as well as for reading from a computer
screen. It also has all its
green links
still active. Thus, if it is read from the computer
screen connected to internet, then after clicking
onto these green links, the linked web pages
and illustrations will open. Unfortunately, because
the volume of it is around a double of the volume
of web page which this brochure publishes,
the memory limitations on a significant number
of free servers which I use, do NOT allow to
offer it from them (so if it does NOT download
from this address, because it is NOT available
on this server, then you should click onto any
other address from
Menu 3,
and then check whether in there it is available).
In order to open this brochure (and/or download
it to own computer), it suffices to either click on
the following green link
or to open from any totaliztic web site the
PDF file named as in the above green link.
If the reader wishes to check, whether some other totaliztic web page which he or she just is studying, is also available in the form of such PDF brochure, then should check whether it is listed amongst links from "part #B" of the web page named text_11.htm. This is because links from there indicate all totaliztic web pages, which are already published as such brochures from series [11] in PDF format. I wish you a fruitful reading!
#U6.
Copyrights © 2017 by dr inż. Jan Pająk:
Copyrights © 2017 by Dr Jan Pajak. All
rights reserved. This web page is a report
from outcomes of research of the author -
only that is written in a popular language
(so that it can be understood by readers
with non-scientific orientation). Majority
of ideas and presentations providedd on
this web page (and also in other publications
by the author) are unique for the author’s
research, and thus from the same angle
these ideas were NOT presented by any
other researcher. As such, this web page
presents a number of ideas, inventions,
theories, illustrations, tables, etc., which
are the intellectual property of the author.
Therefore, the content of this web page
is the subject to the same laws of intellectual
ownership as every other scientific publication.
Especially the author reserves for himself
the moral credit and copyrights for the
scientific theories, discoveries and
inventions, photographs, illustrations,
tables, etc., mentioned or utilised on this web
page. Therefore, the author reserves that
during repeating any idea presented on
this web page (i.e. any theory, principle,
explanation, deduction, interpretation, device,
evidence, proof, discovery, invention, photograph,
illustration, table, etc.), the repeating person
revealed and confirmed who is the original
author of this idea (means, as it is used in
creative circles, the repeating person provided
a full moral "credit" and recognition to the author
of this web page), through a clear explanation
that a given idea is repeated from the web
page authorised by Dr Jan Pajak, through
indication of the internet address of this web
page under which this idea was originally
explained, and through mentioning the date
of most recent update of this web page
(i.e. the date indicated below).
* * *
If you prefer to read in Polish
click on the Polish flag below
(Jeśli preferujesz czytanie w języku polskim
kliknij na poniższą flagę)
click on the Polish flag below
(Jeśli preferujesz czytanie w języku polskim
kliknij na poniższą flagę)
Date of starting this page: 5 November 2014
Date of the latest updating of this page: 7 March 2017
(Check in "Menu 3" whether there is even a more recent update!)
My apologies because as from 2016/6/15 on all my pages the hit counters with the logo of totalizm (such as the above one) stopped to count the visitors. Thus now these counters indicate only the numbers of visits of given my web pages that occurred between January 1 and June 15 of 2016 (unless it will be possible to repair them after the date of the last update of this web page).